A numerical study on heat transfer enhancement and design of a heat exchanger with porous media in continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis system

The aim of this study is to use a new configuration of porous media in a heat exchanger in continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) system to enhance the heat transfer and minimize the required length of the heat exchanger.For this purpose,numerous numerical simulations are performed to investigate performance of the system with porons media.First,the numerical simulation for the heat exchanger in CHFS system is validated by experimental data.Then,porous media is added to the system and six different thicknesses for the porous media are examined to obtain the optimum thickness,based on the minimum required length of the heat exchanger.Finally,by changing the flow rate and inlet temperature of the product as well as the cooling water flow rate,the minimum required length of the heat exchanger with porous media for various inlet conditions is assessed.The investigations indicate that using porous media with the proper thickness in the heat exchanger increases the cooling rate of the product by almost 40％and reduces the required length of the heat exchanger by approximately 35％.The results also illustrate that the most proper thickness of the porous media is approximately equal to 90％ of the product tube's thickness.Results of this study lead to design a porous heat exchanger in CHFS system for various inlet conditions.     

管壳式换热器流体流动与耦合传热的数值模拟

结合化工行业中使用的某型号管壳式换热器的结构图和工艺参数,对换热器的结构进行了合理的简化,利用ANSYS参数化建模方法建立了管壳式换热器的参数化模型。在ANSYS FLUENT14.0数值模拟软件中对换热器的流体流动以及耦合传热进行了数值模拟,得到管程和壳程流体的流速分布、压降情况、温度场变化的细节信息。该工作对于设计传热效率高、流体阻力小的换热器进行了有益探索。     

非牛顿流体在波节套管换热器中流动与换热的实验研究

针对非牛顿流体在波节套管换热器管程的流动与换热进行了实验研究。重点研究了0.2%黄原胶溶液(XG)在不同波节套管换热器管程流动时的传热与阻力特性,并分析了强化传热机理。结果表明在相同工况下,随着管程黄原胶溶液Reynolds数Re_XG的增大,套管换热器总传热系数k和管程进出口压降Δp逐渐增大;波高H和波距S影响黄原胶溶液在套管换热器管程的流动与换热。随波高H增大,黄原胶溶液受波节处的涡旋效应的影响更明显,流体层间剪切力变大导致黄原胶溶液黏度变小,湍流程度更大,管程传热性能提高,压降也增大,但综合传热性能不断优化;随波距S增大,单位长度波节数量减少,对黄原胶溶液扰动影响降低,湍流程度降低,管程传热系数先增大后减小,流动阻力不断降低,综合传热性能先提高后减弱。当H=3.5 mm、S=30 mm时管程波节管的综合换热因子η_tube达到最大,η_tube是相同条件下圆管的5.11~6.69倍。     

非牛顿流体在波节套管换热器中流动与换热的实验研究

针对非牛顿流体在波节套管换热器管程的流动与换热进行了实验研究。重点研究了0.2%黄原胶溶液(XG)在不同波节套管换热器管程流动时的传热与阻力特性,并分析了强化传热机理。结果表明在相同工况下,随着管程黄原胶溶液Reynolds数Re_XG的增大,套管换热器总传热系数k和管程进出口压降Δp逐渐增大;波高H和波距S影响黄原胶溶液在套管换热器管程的流动与换热。随波高H增大,黄原胶溶液受波节处的涡旋效应的影响更明显,流体层间剪切力变大导致黄原胶溶液黏度变小,湍流程度更大,管程传热性能提高,压降也增大,但综合传热性能不断优化;随波距S增大,单位长度波节数量减少,对黄原胶溶液扰动影响降低,湍流程度降低,管程传热系数先增大后减小,流动阻力不断降低,综合传热性能先提高后减弱。当H=3.5 mm、S=30 mm时管程波节管的综合换热因子η_tube达到最大,η_tube是相同条件下圆管的5.11~6.69倍。     

Determination of heat transfer formulas for gas flow in fin-and-tube heat exchanger with oval tubes using CFD simulations

Plate fin-and-tube heat exchangers operate in a cross-flow arrangement with the complex path of gas flow, hence in order to determine the velocity field and heat transfer characteristics, the numerical methods must be used. The CFD codes allow obtaining local values of the heat transfer coefficient, however it is impossible to incorporate these values into the analytical formulas for the overall heat transfer coefficient, that is fundamental for the designing procedure of the cross-flow heat exchangers. Therefore this paper presents a method for determination of the average heat transfer coefficient for gas flow in a plate fin-and-tube heat exchanger using the CFD simulations. The values of the heat transfer coefficient obtained using the heat transfer formulas for the Nusselt number, determined with the CFD simulations, can be directly implemented in the thermal designing procedure of the cross-flow heat exchangers. The results of the numerical computations are validated experimentally.     

板棒式换热器传热与流阻性能研究

简要介绍了板棒式换热器的结构和工作原理,设计制造了板棒式换热器,对板棒式换热器进行了传热与流阻实验。实验结果表明总传热系数理论计算与实验结果吻合较好,验证了模型公式的正确性。板棒式换热器是一种性能优良、结构紧凑的高效换热器,在硫酸工业等气体换热场合将有广阔的应用前景。     

管壳式换热器壳程流动与传热的数值模拟与验证

针对目前管壳式换热器中微小流路建模和分析的缺失,采用“分段建模,整体综合”的模拟方法成功地开发了小间隙流路A和E的建模技术,建立了既包含主体流路（B、C）,也包含微小泄漏流道（A、E）的全流路管壳式换热器流动与传热模型,得到了与实际换热器相适应的几何模型。通过应用CFD软件Fluent进行分段模型的流动与传热研究,对各流道在折流空间中对传热和流动的影响进行了分析讨论。同时,采用整体综合技术,将数值模拟获得的局部流动与传热数据综合整理得到了换热器传热和阻力系数的整体法关联式。并将模拟结果与几种著名的壳程计算方法（Donohue、Kern和Bell-Delaware,流路分析）进行了对比,结果发现数值模拟与Bell-Delaware法和流路分析法的结果吻合良好,最大偏差小于20%。     

双套管双管板换热器流动及传热性能数值模拟

采用CFD软件方法,研究双套管双管板换热器传热及流动特性.对隔绝腔连同内外套管的环形间隙内分别充入空气、水、甲苯气体和氩气4种介质进行模拟.结果表明:不同介质对传热有不同影响,充入水时的换热效果最好,甲苯气体的最差;壳程介质在流体接管进、出口附近存在回流和绕流且速度较小,管程介质流动较为均匀,受壁面边界层影响,速度在管...     

杆栅支撑纵流壳程换热器壳侧流体流动与传热的数值模拟

根据杆栅支撑纵流壳程换热器的结构特点对其进行简化,建立了周期性单元流道模型,应用CFD软件FLUENT对不同介质、不同Reynolds数、不同折流栅间距时的模型进行流动和传热的模拟、分析与比较,获得了流道内流体流动和传热的细观特征以及折流栅间距的最优取值范围,为纵流壳程换热器的研究和应用提供了一定的参考.     

三叶孔板换热器壳程流动及传热数值模拟

三叶孔板换热器是一种新型纵流换热器,广泛应用于核电装备领域。针对目前使用较多的壳程“单元流道”模型的局限性,建立了三叶孔板换热器壳程整体模型,包括进出口接管。采用商用软件FLUENT14.0及RNG k-ε湍流模型对壳程流体流动与传热进行了数值研究,分析了三叶孔板换热器壳程流动与传热特性。结果表明：流经第一块支撑板后,流体已充分发展,并且随着壳程结构周期性变化,传热与压降也呈现周期性变化。在支撑板附近,流体流速变大,形成射流,并且由于支撑板阻挡,在支撑板前面和尾部产生二次流,能有效冲刷管壁,减薄流动边界层,起到强化传热作用。     

翅片板式传热器双流道传热与流动数值模拟

焊接型板式传热器的紧凑性好、质量轻、传热性能好、初始成本低等优越性已越来越被人们所认识,因此人们纷纷对板式传热器内流动状态和传热机理展开研究。鉴于此,本文运用数值模拟软件Fluent对全焊接翅片板式传热器双流道进行模拟,在此基础上又进行了实验研究及实验数据与数值模拟的对比分析,得出不同结构参数和操作参数下翅片的传热系数和压力降,并分析翅片高度和翅片间距对翅片传热性能与流动阻力的影响。结果表明：①固定冷侧的入口速度和温度,热侧的传热系数和压降随之热侧入口速度增加而增大;②板间距一定时,翅片高度并非越高传热性能越好;③翅片间距越小,传热性能越好。     

Experimental and numerical heat transfer in a plate heat exchanger

In the present study a virtual prototype of a four-channel plate heat exchanger with flat plates was developed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Parallel and series flow arrangements were tested and experimental results were compared to numerical predictions for heat load obtained from the 3D CFD model and also from a 1D plug-flow model. The CFD model represents channels, plates and conduits of the exchanger and takes into account the unequal flow distribution among channels and the flow maldistribution inside the channel. CFD results are in good agreement with experimental data, especially for the series arrangement.     

振荡流通过内插螺旋翅片管传热特性的数值模拟

振荡折流换热器广泛应用在包含传热传质过程的化工过程中,本文对管内插入螺旋翅片的振荡折流换热器进行了三维非稳态数值模拟,模拟在斯特劳哈尔数St=2,4,8和振荡雷诺数Reo=20,40,80范围内进行。通过作出瞬时三维流线,以观察流动状态随时间变化规律,发现其中有纵向涡和横向涡的周期性形成和脱落;得到了圆管周向局部传热系数随时间变化规律,以及不同振荡参数（St和Reo）下周向平均传热系数随时间的变化规律。结果表明：局部传热系数沿周向不均匀分布,并在翅片斜对面达最大;周向平均传热系数随时间周期性变化,时间平均传热系数随振幅增大而增大,但受频率影响却不明显;在本文讨论的参数范围内,平均传热系数最大可达圆管层流的4倍。     

扭曲管换热器壳程流体流动及传热的数值模拟

扭曲管因具有较好的强化传热性能得到关注,针对扭曲管管内流体流动及传热性能进行了实验与数值研究.验证了扭曲管在低Re下,与普通圆管相比具有较好的强化传热性能.利用FLUENT软件,研究了扭曲管换热器壳程流体流动及传热的特性.对壳程流速在0.3-1.0 m/s的情况下,分别得到了壳程流体的速度矢量分布、温度场分布、质点迹线...     

螺旋套管换热器壳程流体湍流换热热力性能数值研究

利用计算流体力学软件对内管为螺纹管的螺旋套管换热器壳程流体的湍流流动和换热性能进行了数值模拟。通过与内管为光管的研究结果对比,揭示了内管为螺纹管时壳程流体的速度场和温度场分布,研究了雷诺数、槽高对壳程流体湍流流动及换热性能的影响,并利用场协同原理初步揭示了螺纹复合螺旋流动强化流体换热的机理。结果表明,螺纹内管的螺纹凸起对螺旋套管换热器壳程流体的扰流和导流作用明显,在研究范围内(Re=10000～24000),内管为螺纹管的螺旋套管换热器壳程流体的传热效率较内管为光管的模型最大提高了22.1%;结构参数相同时,随着Re增大,螺旋套管换热器壳程流体的Nu逐渐增大,阻力系数f逐渐减小,综合评价因子Ψ逐渐减小,在研究范围内,Nu最大增加了85.6,f最大减少了0.008,Ψ从1.35减小至1.18。当Re一定时,当量高度h’增大,f逐渐增大,Nu先增大后减小。由场协同原理分析得出,h’=0.220时,在螺纹凸起扰流和导流的作用下壳程流体的温度场与速度场协同性能较好,综合评价因子Ψ最大,螺纹的优化当量高度h’宜取约0.220。     

Pressure drop and heat transfer study in tube-in-tube helical heat exchanger

In the present work attempts were made to investigate the hydrodynamics and heat transfer characteristics of tube-in-tube helical heat exchanger at the pilot plant scale. The experiments were carried out in counter current mode operation with hot fluid in the tube side and cold fluid in the annulus area. The outer tube was fitted with semicircular plates to support the inner tube and also to provide high turbulence in the annulus region. Overall heat transfer coefficients were calculated and heat transfer coefficients in the inner and outer tube were determined using Wilson plots. A commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics package [FLUENT User's Guide, release 6.0, Fluent Inc., Lebnon, NH, 1994] was used to predict the flow and thermal development in tube-in-tube helical heat exchanger. The Nusselt number and friction factor values in the inner and outer tubes were compared with the experimental data collected in the present study as well as reported in the literature. The CFD simulations were in agreement with the present experimental data. In case of literature data a reasonable comparison was found even though the boundary conditions in the present work were different.     

花格板换热器的流动与传热

花格板换热器作为一种新型的管壳式换热器,其流动和传热机理研究目前尚未有较深入的研究。通过CFD技术,对花格板换热器的流动和传热性能进行了研究,并将结果与传统的弓形折流板换热器进行了比较,结果表明,在相同的Reynolds数下,花格板换热器的压降仅为折流板换热器的0.45倍左右,而两者的传热系数相差不大,因而花格板换热器的综合性能参数约为折流板换热器的2.2倍左右。     

印刷电路板式换热器内超临界甲烷流动换热特性模拟

印刷电路板式换热器（printed circuit heat exchanger,PCHE）作为一种新型高效微通道换热器,将其应用在LNG浮式储存与气化装置（FSRU）上具有非常大的潜力。对超临界甲烷在PCHE通道中的流动和传热特性进行了数值模拟,结果表明：传热系数随温度先增大后减小,并在准临界温度（202～212 K）处达到峰值;压降随温度先保持不变,然后在准临界温度附近急剧上升,之后随温度增大的趋势变缓;当温度在准临界温度附近时,低质流密度下增大热通量会恶化传热;不同压力下传热系数均在准临界温度处达到峰值;温度低于准临界温度时,压力对压降的影响可以忽略,温度高于准临界温度时,压降随压力增大而显著降低;压力由6.4M Pa提高到8.5 MPa时,传热最大降低32.5%,压降最大降低28.5%;开发的换热和压降关联式平均误差分别为5.6%和4.2%。     

螺旋扭曲扁管换热器传热与流阻性能试验研究

对4种不同结构的螺旋扭曲扁管换热器的管程和壳程传热与流阻性能进行了试验研究,并和采用圆管作为换热管的弓形折流板换热器进行了比较,根据试验数据回归出反映螺旋扭曲扁管换热器管程和壳程传热与流阻特性的关联式。研究结果表明,螺旋扭曲扁管换热器管程与壳程都有较好的强化传热性能,螺旋扭曲扁管的几何尺寸和流体Re对其管、壳程传热与流阻性能有重要影响。     

Experimental and numerical analysis of heat transfer including viscous dissipation in a scraped surface heat exchanger

Viscous dissipation plays an important role in the dynamics of fluids with strongly temperature-dependent viscosity because of the coupling between the energy and momentum equations. The heat generated by viscous friction causes a local temperature increase in the high shearing zone with a consequent decrease of the viscosity which may dramatically change the temperature and velocity distribution. These processes are mainly controlled by the Brinkman number, the rotating velocity and the thermal boundary conditions. This work analyses forced convection heat transfer including the viscous dissipation in a scraped surface heat exchanger (SSHE). In this study the increase of the temperature due to the viscous dissipation is analysed both experimentally and numerically for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Heat transfer simulations including viscous dissipation were carried out by means of the CFD code of the software Fluent, version 6.3, with solving momentum and energy equations. Two thermal boundary conditions were considered: pseudo-adiabatic wall and constant temperature on the stator wall exchange. In the case of Newtonian fluid (pure HV45), for both considered thermal boundary conditions, an important increase of the temperature was obtained. In the case of non-Newtonian shear thinning fluid (2 wt% CMC solution), viscous dissipation is neglected. The developed numerical model agrees well with experimental results. The validated numerical model was then used to study the effect of index and consistency behaviour of shear thinning fluid using power-law rheological behaviour on the viscous dissipation, and correlation using dimensionless analysis expressed with different dimensionless process numbers is proposed for Newtonian and non-Newtonian shear thinning fluid.