改进的变长检测器产生算法

已有检测器产生算法的检测率和成熟效率较低,基于此,提出一种改进算法。使用覆盖率估计值作为结束运行的控制参数,并采用随机生成和基因库相结合的候选检测器生成机制,在保证检测器多样性的同时,提高检测器成熟效率。通过人工合成和实际数据集的实验结果表明,该算法的虚警率较低,并且能减少所需的检测器数量。     

实值n维混沌映射否定选择算法

针对传统的基于二进制的混沌否定选择算法在检测器生成阶段对混沌映射产生的混沌序列离散化生成的候选检测器,不利于知识和数据的分析,也会造成检测器集生成速度慢及检测效率低等问题,提出了基于实值的混沌否定选择算法.引入混沌理论,采用混沌特性更好的自映射构造n维混沌映射生成候选检测器中心点,改进了传统的检测器生成机制,更适合处理高维空间问题;对原有的V-detector算法进行了优化,通过定向移动与计算几何中心相结合的思想确定检测半径.旨在满足预期覆盖率条件下尽量使半径取值最大化,扩大检测器集的覆盖范围,减少检测器数量.实验结果表明,该算法提高了检测器集的生成速度和检测效率.     

一种改进的否定选择算法在入侵检测中的应用

有效的检测器生成算法是入侵检测的核心问题。针对现有算法存在检测率低、匹配阈值固定、检测器集合庞大等问题,通过对人工免疫系统中否定选择算法原理的分析,提出一种生成最有效检测器集的变阈值模糊匹配否定选择免疫算法,并将该算法应用到入侵检测系统中。算法采用随机生成和基因库相结合的候选检测器生成机制,在保证检测器多样性的同时,提高了候选检测器成为成熟检测器的比率。为了消除冗余检测器的产生,提高检测器集的检测效率,算法在模糊匹配的基础上生成有效检测器集。同时,匹配阈值可变,可大幅降低黑洞数量。实验结果表明,该算法提高了入侵检测率,降低了虚警率,整体检测性能较好。     

新的否定选择算法及其在疾病诊断中的应用

针对现有的否定选择算法存在检测率较低,检测器集合过大等问题,提出了一种结合非自体信息和二次移动的实值否定选择算法(NTMV-detector)。该算法基于训练集中的非自体和随机的方法生成候选检测器中心。二次移动的主要思路是:如果候选检测器中心与成熟检测器匹配,把它移出成熟检测器集;然后通过离候选检测器中心最近的两个自体来微调检测器的位置,确定检测器半径。实验证明,该方法可以有效地提高疾病诊断的诊断率,降低误诊率。     

改进的否定选择算法及其在入侵检测中的应用

否定选择算法(Negative Selection Algorithm, NSA)作为人工免疫系统的典型算法被广泛应用于入侵检测中。针对传统否定选择算法在处理入侵检测问题时出现的准确率低、误报率高以及检测器集合冗余度高等问题,提出了一种改进的否定选择算法并将其应用到入侵检测中。其主要思想是:首先通过密度峰值聚类算法对非自体抗原进行聚类,生成一类已知检测器,该检测器可检测已知入侵行为;然后定义异常点并将其优先作为候选检测器中心,计算和生成未知检测器,该检测器可检测未知入侵行为,以此降低检测器生成的随机性。在实验阶段,选择准确率(Accuracy, AC)和误报率(False Alarm, FA)作为评价指标。分别在KDDCUP99和CSE-CIC-IDS2018数据集上进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明,所提算法在这两种数据集上均有较低的误报率和较高的准确率,这验证了其具有较好的检测效果。     

基于免疫的检测漏洞问题研究

针对已有实值非选择算法中检测漏洞问题,提出一种改进的算法提高对检测漏洞的覆盖。算法基于可变长实值检测器实现,主要思想是把自体样本分为边界自体样本和非边界自体样本。在检测器的生成过程中,鉴别和记录边界自体样本;在对新样本的检测过程中,检测是否匹配边界自体。通过人工合成数据集2DSyntheticData和实际Iris 数据集对算法进行了验证。实验结果表明,算法检测率较高,在覆盖自体和非自体边界处的漏洞方面明显优于已有的算法。     

一种集成点估计的改进否定选择算法

为了提高否定选择算法的性能,提出一种集成点估计的算法。在检测器生成时,采用期望的覆盖率估计值作为算法的一个控制参数,并采用基于基因库的初始检测器生成机制提高检测器的成熟效率。通过人工合成和实际数据集对算法进行了验证,实验结果表明,本算法复杂性较低,所需的检测器数量减少,检测率提高。     

检测器集合生成算法及其应用研究

为了提高阴性选择算法对车辆在线检测的速度,降低检测成本,给出了一种分段检测器集合生成算法代替原有的阴性选择算法中检测器集合生成的穷举法.该算法通过求解递归方程计算候选检测器集规模和递归求解的序号随机生成检测器两个阶段组成.该算法所占用的计算机时间量和空间量都比穷举法小的多.实际应用表明该算法优于穷举法,比穷举法节省近一半的时间.     

一种改进的实值负选择算法

通过分析已有实值负选择算法检测率不高的原因,提出一种通过鉴别边界自体样本的改进负选择算法,以提高对检测黑洞的覆盖事.给出算法的改进思想、具体实现过程及优势分析.采用人工合成数据集2DSyntheticData和实际Biomedical数据集对算法进行验证.实验结果表明,该算法检测率较高,所需的检测器数量较少,综合性能较...     

否定选择算法中一种改进的检测器集生成机制

为提高否定选择算法中检测器集的检测率,提出改进的检测器集生成方法。其主要针对检测器在检测边界元素时遇到的困境问题,把自体点和它的临近点一起作为自体区域,处理自体的泛化问题。给出算法的具体实现过程、优势分析,并通过人工合成数据集2DSyntheticData和实际Biomedical数据集对算法进行了验证。实验结果表明,本算法检测率较高,尤其可以有效检测到处于自体与非自体边界处的点,具有一定的优越性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.