专利信息

厌氧生物法处理顺酐废水；流化床正丁烷氧化制顺酐催化剂的制备方法；顺酐气相加氢γ-丁内酯的催化剂；     

化学气相沉积法制备Si/C复合负极材料的研究进展

采用化学气相沉积法制备得到的硅/碳复合材料碳层致密均匀,电化学性能好,成为目前制备该复合材料应用较多的方法。介绍了化学气相沉积法制备的硅碳复合材料的主要复合形式及电化学性能,制备过程中不同催化剂、制备条件的选择等,综述了化学气相沉积法制备硅/碳复合材料的研究进展。对化学气相沉积法在制备硅/碳复合材料的研究方向上进行了展望、提出建议。     

BP公司LLDPE生产专利技术综述

概述了ＢＰ公司有关气相法生产ＬＬＤＰＥ的专利技术，重点介绍了催化剂，预聚物的制备原理与工艺条件，聚合反应工艺，产品改性以及流化床分布板和预聚物注入装置等内容，并针对兰化实际提出了建议。     

茂金属加合物技术的工业应用试验

根据中国石化集团公司开发的茂金属加合物专利技术,进行了活性组分负载化研究,完成了茂金属加合物催化剂催化乙烯以及乙烯与α-烯烃共聚的淤浆、环管淤浆、气相流化床工艺的中试试验.在中试的基础上进行了茂金属加合物催化剂气相流化床聚乙烯工艺的工业应用试验,探索了茂金属催化剂与Ziegler催化剂之间的切换技术,开发了催化剂结构和配方以及聚合工艺参数对聚乙烯树脂牌号的调控技术.得到百吨级薄膜牌号的茂金属聚乙烯树脂,并对工业应用试验产品进行了加工研究.     

丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶的研究进展

综述了丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶的方法,主要包括液相釜式反应法、气相固定床反应法和气相流化床反应法3种。介绍了这些方法的工艺特点,评述了其优缺点及所涉及的催化剂。对丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶过程所需要着重解决的问题进行了归纳总结。并简介了3-甲基吡啶的合成机理。同时,对于丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶技术的发展前景也进行了展望,认为介孔材料和固体酸催化剂应用于该反应及合成机理的深入研究是未来的发展方向之一。     

茂金属加合物技术首次工业试验

采用中国石油化工股份有限公司茂金属加合物技术制备茂金属加合物,并进行负载化研究;完成了茂金属加合物催化剂催化乙烯聚合以及乙烯与α-烯烃共聚合的淤浆、环管淤浆、气相流化床工艺的中试;在中试的基础上,茂金属加合物催化剂于60kt／a气相流化床聚乙烯生产装置上成功进行了工业试验。探索了茂金属催化剂与Ziegler催化剂的切换技术,研究了催化剂组成和聚合工艺参数对聚乙烯树脂性能的影响。用所得茂金属聚乙烯树脂加工成的薄膜具有较好的透明性,并表现出了优异的落镖冲击强度和撕裂强度。     

新型气相法全密度聚乙烯高效催化剂

本新型络合载体型气相法全密度聚乙烯高效催化剂制备过程中无需预聚合，具有活性高（５０００～１００００ｇＰＥ／ｇ ｃａｔ）、氢调敏感、共聚能力强等优点；流动性好，初活性适中，粒子形态也好，因而适合在我国引进的大下基层气相法流化床装置上使用。     

流化床-化学气相沉积技术在先进核燃料制备中的应用进展

流化床-化学气相沉积（FB-CVD）技术是化工流化床技术和材料化学气相沉积制备技术的交叉耦合,兼有流化床处理量大、传热快、温度均匀以及化学气相沉积温度调节范围广、产物丰富多样等优点,其在先进核燃料制备中有着重要的应用,但随着先进核燃料“质”和“量”的不断发展要求,现有的FB-CVD技术有许多方面亟待完善。本文回顾了作者课题组利用流化床-化学气相沉积在高温气冷堆TRISO核燃料颗粒、先进核燃料包覆颗粒、核燃料示踪颗粒、基体SiC纳米颗粒、SiC@Al₂O₃复合纳米颗粒等方面的研究进展,阐述了基本方法、实验过程和典型研究结果,并分析了流化床-化学气相沉积过程中遇到的实际问题。指出了FB-CVD技术未来发展方向,主要涉及反应器规模化放大和连续性生产、孔口沉积消除及温区控制、粉体制备中的纳米颗粒连续收集、新型反应器及工艺设计等方面,具体包括高密度颗粒稳定流化放大准则、床层局部温区控制以及分区流化床结构设计等。     

中国石化北京化工研究院开发成功聚乙烯淤浆进料催化剂

中国石化北京化工研究院独立自主研制开发成功气相聚乙烯BCS02淤浆进料催化剂，并在中国石化广州石化200kt·a^-1气相流化床装置进行了36天的长周期工业应用试验。该催化剂采用新型活性组分化合物，以喷雾干燥法进行催化剂活性中心负载，具有创新性，获得中国及多个国家专利授权。[第一段]     

萘气相氧化制苯酐催化剂的研究

采用低温穿流喷涂工艺制备萘气相氧化制苯酐催化剂,考察了 Ti/V、Cs/V、Sb/V以及钛白粉比表面等因素对催化剂性能的影响.按照调控规律制备多段床萘法苯酐催化剂并进行单管模试评价.结果表明,制备的催化剂在单管风量4.0m3/h,盐浴温度340～390℃,萘浓度超过70g/m3的条件下,反应器出口苯酐质量收率可以超过1...     

Investigation on gas–solid flow regimes in a novel multistage fluidized bed

Gas–solid flow regime in a novel multistage circulating fluidized bed is investigated in this study. Pressure fluctuations are first sampled from gas–solid flow systems and then are analyzed through frequency and time–frequency domain methods including power spectrum and Hilbert–Huang transform. According to the flow characteristics obtained from pressure fluctuations, it is found that the gas–solid motions in the multistage circulating fluidized bed exhibit two dominant motion peaks in low and high frequencies. Moreover, gas-cluster motions become intensive for the multistage circulating fluidized bed in comparison with the fast bed. Unlike the traditional methods, the fuzzy C-means clustering method is introduced to objectively identify flow regime in the multistage circulating fluidized bed on the basis of the flow characteristics extracted from bubbling, turbulent, fast, and multistage fluidized beds. The identification accuracy of fuzzy C-means clustering method is first verified. The identification results show that the flow regime in the multistage circulating fluidized bed is in the scope of fast flow regime under examined conditions. Moreover, the results indicate that the consistency of flow regime between two enlarged sections exists. In addition, the transition onset of fast flow regime in the multistage circulating fluidized bed is higher than that in the fast bed.     

Drying characteristics of millet in a continuous multistage fluidized bed

The effects of gas velocity, inlet gas temperature and the solid feed rate on the drying efficiency, the outlet solid moisture content, bed temperature in each stage, the outlet gas humidity and temperature in a rectangular acryl multistage fluidized bed (0.172 m×0.192 m×1.5 m-high) with a downcomer (0.04 m-I.D.) were investigated. The experiments were performed by using 1.9 mm millet particles. The final moisture contents of the solids increased with increasing the solid feed rate. The drying efficiency increased with increasing the wetted solid feed rate but decreased with increasing the inlet gas temperature. The drying performance of the multistage fluidized bed was compared with the single-stage fluidized bed and found to be superior under identical operation conditions. The model predicted values were well matched with the experimental data in the multistage fluidized bed dryer. This paper is dedicated to Professor Dong Sup Doh on the occasion of his retirement from Korea University.     

带导流管多层流化床流体力学特性实验研究

多层流化床的应用范围受操作可调性和稳定性等因素限制。在改变传统筛板结构的基础上,研究了传统穿流板多层流化床和导流管多层流化床床层压降随表观气速和进料速率的变化规律,实验结果表明,导流管多层流化床不仅大幅减小了床层压降、提高了床体处理能力和可调范围,而且也改善了物料的流化质量。此外,当料层达到一定高度时,导流管多层流化床还具有喷动流化床的特性,同时导流管还具有溢流物料的作用,进一步加大了气固传质效率和床体处理能力。在流体力学分析的基础上,推导出导流管多层流化床床层压降的关联式,得到了床层压降随进气气速和进料速率的关系,与实验数据基本吻合。     

Desorption of VOC from polymer adsorbent in multistage fluidized bed

The desorption process of volatile organic compounds(VOC) from a polymer adsorbent in counter-current multistage fluidized bed was studied. And a mathematical model considering the mass transfer dynamics was developed, which was validated from experiment data. The gaseous ethyl acetate mass transfer was discussed, and the limiting step is the intraparticle mass transfer of the desorption process. The value of intraparticle mass transfer coefficient is between 1.85 × 10~(-6) and 1.38 × 10~(-5) m·s~(-1) under temperature of 100–160 °C. Experiments under different operating conditions were carried out. The effects of operating conditions such as gas–solid flow ratio,gas inlet temperature and total stage number of multistage fluidized bed on outlet VOCs concentration and desorption efficiency were discussed. The maximum outlet VOCs concentration and corresponding desorption efficiency of the multistage fluidized bed desorber was calculated under different gas inlet temperatures and total stage numbers.     

双流化床生物质气化炉研究进展

生物质是重要的清洁可再生能源,双流化床生物质气化技术是将低品位的生物质能转化成高品位氢能的重要途径。本文阐明了双流化床气化过程的基本原理,从燃气中氢气浓度、焦油含量和装置热效率等角度,介绍了双流化床生物质气化技术的早期探索和发展现状,对目前几种典型双流化床生物质气化炉的炉型设计及相关试验研究进行了分析和总结。指出内循环双流化床气化炉结构虽然简单紧凑,但是难以避免气化室和燃烧室之间的气体串混问题;而外循环流化床通过外置返料器很好地解决了气体串混问题。分析了不同气化室优化设计方案对提升燃气品质的理论依据及其优缺点。最后对双流化床生物质气化技术的发展进行了总结和展望,指出双流化床生物质气化制氢具有非常广阔的工业化应用和发展前景。     

多层筛板流化床料层高度均匀性研究

通过测定流化床料层压差,研究了多层流化床顶层进料均匀性、进气及排气方式对多层流化床流化料层高度均匀性的影响。结果表明,布料越均匀,上中二料层高度越接近,且在低气速下易于形成较良好的流化层,但随着气速增大,其影响逐渐减弱;在低气速下进气方式对中下二料层均匀性有较大影响,但随气速增大影响也减弱,底部进气方式更易达到较好的料层均匀性;流化床的排气方式对流化料层基本无影响。因此均匀的布料和较均匀的进气预分布有助于均化各料层高度,并拓宽多层流化床的操作弹性。     

合成气甲烷化工艺技术研究进展

合成气完全甲烷化技术是煤制天然气特有的技术,按照反应器类型,合成气甲烷化工艺可以分为绝热固定床、等温固定床、流化床和浆态床等工艺,其中绝热固定床甲烷化工艺成熟并广泛应用于煤制天然气项目。本文介绍了多种绝热固定床甲烷化工艺,并比较了5种高温绝热固定床甲烷化工艺的流程、技术特点和应用情况。随着研究工作的不断深入,国内绝热固定床甲烷化技术达到了国际技术同类水平,具备了工业化应用条件,但还需在节能降耗、提高催化剂寿命方面加大研究力度。还概述了等温固定床、流化床和浆态床甲烷化工艺,分析了等温固定床、流化床和浆态床甲烷化工艺存在的问题,并指出了后续研究重点,等温固定床工艺应在反应温度控制和反应器开发方面深入研究,流化床甲烷化工艺研究重点放在开发高强度催化剂和工程化放大方面,浆态床甲烷化工艺需要重点研究解决CO转化率较低和催化剂损耗严重的问题。     

GRAPHICAL SOLUTION OF MULTISTAGE FLUIDIZED BED HEAT EXCHANGER

The design of multistage fluidized beds for heat exchange necessitates the solution of the mass and energy balance equations combined with the equilibrium relations for each stage. This paper presents a novel way of applying well known methodology to a different technology, one where it has not been widely applied.

In the present work a McCabe-Thiele type of graphical approach is presented for both counter-current and cross-current contacting multiple fluidized beds. The necessary equations for a multistage calciner are developed and the application of the proposed method is demonstrated. Generalized fluidized bed efficiency for counter-current and cross-current multiple fluidized bed is presented.     

GRAPHICAL SOLUTION OF MULTISTAGE FLUIDIZED BED HEAT EXCHANGER

The design of multistage fluidized beds for heat exchange necessitates the solution of the mass and energy balance equations combined with the equilibrium relations for each stage. This paper presents a novel way of applying well known methodology to a different technology, one where it has not been widely applied.

In the present work a McCabe-Thiele type of graphical approach is presented for both counter-current and cross-current contacting multiple fluidized beds. The necessary equations for a multistage calciner are developed and the application of the proposed method is demonstrated. Generalized fluidized bed efficiency for counter-current and cross-current multiple fluidized bed is presented.     

生物质合成气催化甲烷化技术研究进展

天然气因其清洁、高效、使用方便的特点而有着其他化石能源无法比拟的优势。随着天然气需求量的增加,天然气供需矛盾也逐渐凸显,生物质合成气催化制取合成天然气成为解决天然气供需矛盾的技术之一。针对生物质合成气甲烷化过程中存在的问题,从反应过程、催化剂、反应器等方面阐述了生物质合成气甲烷化研究现状;对比了不同催化剂的催化性能,分析得出Ni基催化剂是最适合工业化的甲烷化催化剂之一。列举了国外一些固定床和流化床甲烷化反应器工业化的案例,分析了其各自的生产工艺及优缺点,得出流化床是甲烷化反应器中较为有前景的反应器,并对生物质合成气催化制取合成天然气技术的发展方向进行了展望。