Comparison of mechanical properties of oriented strand board made from trembling aspen and paper birch

This study compared the performance of oriented strand boards (OSB) made from trembling aspen, a low-density hardwood species, and OSB made from paper birch, a medium-density hardwood species. The birch strands were thinner than the aspen strands to ensure a comparable specific surface. Three levels of adhesive content were used: 3.5%, 5.0%, and 7.0%. Internal bond (IB) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) for flatwise and edgewise bending were determined. Both species performed equally well in IB (3.5% adhesive content: 0.46 MPa, 5.0%: 0.60 MPa, and 7.0%: 0.65 MPa). The values of MOE in flatwise bending were slightly lower for birch than for aspen panels (11.8 GPa for aspen and 10.6 GPa for birch), and the MOR values were not significantly different (combined 68.3 MPa). Edgewise bending properties were not significantly different for the two species with a MOE of 10.5 GPa and a MOR of 43.2 MPa.     

Length effect on bending properties and evaluation of shear modulus of parallel bamboo strand lumber

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products - One hundred sixty-two parallel bamboo strand lumber (PBSL) beams were tested for the bending properties under three-point bending with variable span....     

热压工艺对竹杉复合结构胶合板力学性能影响

为了提高竹木复合结构胶合板生产效率,简化工艺,降低成本,本文采用新型竹木复合工艺压制竹杉复合结构胶合板,并且以热压温度和热压时间为影响因子,研究其对竹杉复合结构胶合板力学性能的影响,发现热压温度和时间对力学性能影响显著,其中对顺纹静曲强度的显著水平为0.0001,横纹静曲强度的显著水平为0.001,顺纹和横纹弹性模量的显著水平为均0.05.     

The effect of fine strands in core layer on physical and mechanical properties of oriented strand boards (OSB) made of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and poplar (Populus tremula)

This paper discusses the influence of three different content levels of fine strands in the core layers on the physical and mechanical properties of European beech and poplar oriented strand boards (OSB). The results show that increasing the fines content in the core layer from 10 to 50 %, based on total board weight has no significant effect on bending strength and modulus of elasticity (MOE). All panels exceeded the minimum requirement for bending strength and MOE set by EN standards. The highest modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) was determined for panels solely made of poplar with different level of fines content. Increasing the amount of fines in the core layer raised the internal bond (IB). Panels made with 30 % fines in the core layer showed highest internal bond strength values. As the fines content increased from 10 to 50 %, thickness swelling decreased. Water absorption after 24 h showed the same declining trend as thickness swelling.     

An empirical model for predicting the mechanical properties degradation of bamboo bundle laminated veneer lumber (BLVL) by hygrothermal aging treatment

An empirical 3-D model was developed to evaluate the effect of ambient environment on the mechanical properties and degradation behavior of bamboo-bundle laminated veneer lumber (BLVL) fabricated with different levels of PF/PVAc resin. This model can describe the relationship between the modulus of elasticity (MOE), water absorption ratio, and aging temperature. Five levels of PF/PVAc weight ratio (2:1, 4:1, 6:1, 8:1 and 10:1) and three treatment conditions (18, 63, and 100 °C) were examined in this experiment. Computed tomography (CT) scanning technology was employed to observe the morphology of damage degree as well as explore the mechanism of degradation behavior of BLVL. The results indicated that the 3-D model used for tracking and monitoring the variance of MOE provided good predictors. The higher the water impregnation temperature the larger the water absorption ratio and the higher the MOE degradation were. The aging temperature had a significant effect on the mechanical properties and degradation behavior of BLVL. A linear relationship between modulus of rupture (MOR) degradation and aging temperature was observed. The degradation rate of MOE and MOR increased as the temperature increased. The aging degree tested by CT along with damage of inner board showed the PF/PVAc ratio had a significant influence on the mechanical degradation of treated BLVL when the PF/PVAc ratio was below 6:1. Localized yielding, micro-cracks developing between interfaces, PVAc resin softening along with delamination, and debonding were the main failure models for the BLVL by hygrothermal aging treatment.     

Characterization of properties of oriented strand boards from beech and poplar

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using European beech and poplar species to manufacture oriented strand boards (OSB). Beech and poplar strands with three different combinations of face/core ratios at densities of 650 and 720 kg/m³ were examined. Poly methylene diphenyl diisocyanate glue at 5 % was used with press conditions of 180 °C and 240 s. Findings showed that with increasing density the physical and mechanical properties of the different OSB combinations generally improved. Panels made of 60 % beech in face layers showed higher modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. Internal bond strength rose as the amount of beech strands in the core layer increased. Panels with 75 % beech strands in the core layer showed the maximum internal bond strength at 720 kg/m³. It was also observed that increasing the amount of beech in the core layer from 40 to 75 % decreased thickness swelling at both densities.     

竹篾厚度及排列方向对竹篾层积材性能影响

以毛竹竹篾为研究对象,考察了竹篾厚度及排列方向对竹篾层积材物理力学性能的影响。结果表明:竹篾厚度变化对竹篾层积材的物理力学性能影响非常显著。随着竹篾厚度的增加,竹篾层积材的24小时吸水厚度膨胀率和浸渍剥离率都明显增加,静曲强度值和弹性模量值减小;竹帘方向对各项物理力学性能的影响显著,其影响程度大小分别为24h吸水厚度膨胀率>浸渍剥离率>弹性模量>静曲强度。竹帘方向层与层之间互为垂直时,压制的板材的各项物理力学性能较层与层顺向排列的板材对应性能均大幅下降,尤其是板材的24小时吸水厚度膨胀率和浸渍剥离率的值变化最大。     

Effects of MDI content on properties of thermally treated oriented strand board (OSB)

The paper discusses the influence of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) content on mechanical properties of thermally post-treated single-layered oriented strand boards (OSB). The OSB differed in adhesive content (3, 4 and 5%) and the high temperature (HT) level of the thermal modification (TM) (untreated, 160, 175 °C). To characterise the mechanical behaviour of the OSB, the modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bond (IB) of dry and boiled specimens were determined. In addition, the adsorption and desorption isotherms were investigated. The hygroscopic sorption isotherms were calculated according to the Hailwood-Horrobin equation. It was observed that the MOR and the IB of the post-treated OSB are significantly increased with higher MDI content. An increase of the MDI content from 3% up to 5% is not sufficient to compensate the loss of strength caused by TM. However, an increase of MDI-content of about 1% compensates the significant loss of IB of dry and boiled specimens. The MOE is not influenced by TM. With increased adhesive content, thermally treated and untreated specimens show slightly higher values. The thermal post-treatment of OSB alters the wood-water-interaction. The hygroscopicity is reduced. The higher the HT level, the lower is the sorption behaviour. It was also detected that a higher MDI content does not influence the hygroscopicity.     

Physical,mechanical and thermal properties of cross laminated timber made with coconut wood

European Journal of Wood and Wood Products - The fundamental material properties of coconut wood cross-laminated timber (CLT) were experimentally evaluated with a focus on the effect of the...     

麻竹笋腌制加工过程中风味物质的变化

为了研究麻竹笋腌制加工过程中风味物质的变化,以麻竹笋为原料,对其腌制过程中的挥发性成分、有机酸及氨基酸的含量变化进行分析。结果表明,在63 d的腌制过程中共检测到74种挥发性风味成分、8种有机酸及17种氨基酸。其中,苯酚类、酮类和烷烃类的相对含量随腌制时间的延长逐渐增加,醛类、烯烃类和其他类物质的相对含量则逐渐下降,醇类和酯类的相对含量先升高后降低。相对含量较高的挥发性成分有4-甲基苯酚、2-戊基呋喃、己醛、4-羟基苯甲醛、芳樟醇等。乳酸、乙酸和丙酸在腌制后含量升高,柠檬酸等其余5种有机酸在腌制后含量显著下降,大部分氨基酸在腌制后含量都有显著降低。该结果将为麻竹笋腌制过程中风味品质的评价和控制提供理论依据。     

Effect of panel properties on the concentrated static load (CSL) performance of oriented strand board (OSB)

The relationship between concentrated static load (CSL) performance of oriented strand board (OSB) and panel thickness, local density, and some mechanical properties (including modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and interlaminar shear strength in both major and minor directions) was investigated using both a simple linear regression method and a stepwise multi-linear regression technique. The sample boards were laboratory manufactured OSB panels consisting of eighteen combinations of different strand geometries (length, width, and thickness), strand orientations, and fines contents. Simple linear regression analysis showed that MOE (major direction), MOR (major direction), shear strength (major direction), local thickness, average board density and local density were all significantly and negatively correlated with the CSL deflection; however, in the stepwise multi-linear regression analysis only MOE (major) and local thickness were retained as significant factors possibly due to inter-correlation amongst the variables. Shear strength (major direction), MOR (major direction), average board density, MOE (major direction), MOR (minor direction), local thickness, average board thickness, local density, and shear strength (minor direction) were all found to be significantly and positively correlated with the CSL ultimate load in the simple regression analyses, but only shear strength (major) and local panel thickness were retained in the stepwise multi-linear regression model for the CSL ultimate load.     

Physical, mechanical, and fire properties of oriented strandboard with fire retardant treated veneers

This study evaluated physical, mechanical and fire properties of oriented strand boards (OSB) covered with fire retardant treated veneers. The beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) veneers were treated with either monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, lime water or a borax/boric acid (1:1 by weight) mixture. Physical and mechanical properties of the specimens were performed according to EN and DIN standards. A cone calorimeter was used to determine their combustion characteristics. The physical and mechanical properties of the specimens were adversely affected by the treatments. The specimens treated with lime water had the best physical performance while the specimens treated with borax/boric acid had the highest mechanical properties. The fire retardant treatments of the face veneers were effective in reducing the initial contribution of heat release to potential fire growth. In particular, the lime water treatment was an effective fire retardant treatment in that it reduced both the effective heat of combustion and the mass loss rate. It also delayed the times for sustained ignition.     

热烫处理对麻竹笋质构特性的影响

以大叶麻竹笋为实验原料,研究了热烫处理对麻竹笋的质构特性的影响,同时分析了麻竹笋各质构参数间的相关性。结果表明:热烫处理使麻竹笋的硬度、凝聚性、弹性、咀嚼性和回复性等质构特性显著下降,但热烫10 min以后对麻竹笋的质构特性的下降不再显著;同时相关性分析表明麻竹笋的硬度、弹性、凝聚性、咀嚼性和回复性均能很好反映麻竹笋的质地变化。     

Monitoring of the bacterial communities of bamboo shoots (Dendrocalamus latiflorus) during pickling process

The diversity and dynamics of the dominant bacterial communities arising during the pickling process of bamboo shoots (Dendrocalamus latiflorus) were investigated by nested polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis combined with quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Results showed only several kinds of halophilic bacteria during early sampling time (0?3 days). After pickling for 7 days, Lactococcus lactis significantly increased (P < 0.05, quantities were 6.39 × 10⁵ copies μL^?1) and became the first dominant bacterium. After pickling for 14 days, Weissella sp. bands appeared and quickly became dominant on the 21st day (4.07 × 10⁶ copies μL^?1). As maturation progressed, Lc. lactis decreased in intensity whereas Weissella sp. increased in intensity. Finally, the quantities of Weissella sp. (2.50 × 10⁷ copies μL^?1) became higher than those of Lc. lactis (1.43 × 10⁷ copies μL^?1) after pickling for 56 days. The pickling process was initiated by Lc. lactis, followed by Lc. lactis and Weissella sp., and was finally succeeded by Weissella sp.     

Assessment of nutritional properties and phenolic characterization of freshly harvested Dendrocalamus hamiltoni shoots and processed bamboo candy

Food Science and Biotechnology - The free and bound phenolic constituents in Dendrocalamus hamiltonii shoots were evaluated and compared to processed bamboo candy. Preliminary proximate analysis...