乙二胺体系铝镧MCM-41介孔分子筛的合成、表征及在乙氧基化反应中的催化性能

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,乙二胺为碱性介质,当n(TEOS)∶n(NaAlO2)(或LaCl3)∶n(CTAB)∶n(H2NCH2CH2NH2)∶n(H2O)=1∶X∶0 12(或0 14)∶3 5(或8 0)∶130,其中X=0 1,0 05,0 033时,水热法合成了硅铝(硅镧)摩尔比为10、20和30的Al MCM 41和La MCM 41介孔分子筛。通过XRD、IR、NH3 TPD吸附脱附、BET及CCl4吸附等方法对分子筛的晶体结构和表面物性进行了研究,结果表明,合成的分子筛具有典型的六方介孔结构特征。将Al MCM 41和La MCM 41分子筛分别用于催化乙氧基化反应,研究结果表明,Al MCM 41的催化活性高于La MCM 41,当Al MCM 41用量为正辛醇质量的3%,反应温度为120℃,反应压力0 2MPa,n(正辛醇)∶n(环氧乙烷)=1∶2时,正辛醇聚氧乙烯醚产品的收率达85%。     

MCM-41分子筛的合成

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为结构模板剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,正庚烷(MSDS)为辅助剂,合成出了MCM-41分子筛,并采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对分子筛结构进行了表征。探索了pH值、CTAB用量、MSDS用量、晶化温度和晶化时间对分子筛质量吸水率的影响。结果表明:反应体系pH值=10,n(CTAB)∶n(TEOS)=0.06,n(MSDS)∶n(CTAB)=4,晶化温度120℃,晶化时间24h为最佳合成条件。     

MCM-41分子筛的制备及催化性能研究

用微波法合成MCM-41中孔分子筛.并采用液相沉积法制备了以MCM-41分子筛为载体负载TiO2/S2O82-的同体酸催化剂,以乙酸与异戊醇的酯化反应作为探针反应,考察了焙烧温度、焙烧时间、浸渍溶液的浓度、浸渍时间以及钛硅比等制备条件对催化剂催化活性的影响,得到了最佳的制备条件.最佳条件是:n(Ti)/n(Si)=2,...     

介孔分子筛MCM-41在有机催化中的研究进展

介绍了近几年MCM-41在环氧化、加氢反应、烷基化、酯化等有机反应中的应用。介孔分子筛MCM-41具有较高的比表面和规整的结构,以及表面带有羟基,是催化剂的优良载体。因此,可以将催化剂引入到MCM-41的结构中,从而提高其性能。认为应在介孔分子筛的水热稳定性、研究合成机理、合成方法等方面加强研究,对介孔分子筛在有机化工催化领域中的应用现状及前景进行了分析。     

铈离子掺杂MCM-41分子筛的合成及其性能研究

以硅酸钠为硅源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,通过碱性介质中的水热反应制备了全硅MCM-41分子筛以及掺杂铈的Cex-MCM-41(x=0. 5%,1. 0%,2. 0%)分子筛,考察了分子筛焙烧温度和铈离子掺杂量对MCM-41分子筛结构和性质的影响。研究表明,在550℃下焙烧制备的分子筛具备六方有序规则介孔结构和狭缝状介孔结构,结晶度较好,比表面积较大,其中全硅MCM-41分子筛的比表面积达到1 032. 04 m2/g;铈掺杂量1. 0%的Ce1-MCM-41的比表面积达到824. 61 m2/g;焙烧温度过高,或掺杂铈量过大时,不易获得六方有序规则介孔。掺杂的铈离子,可进入分子筛晶格取代硅离子构成分子筛骨架。     

钒硅中孔分子筛的合成、表征及其催化性能研究

在碱性环境中，采用水热合成法制备得到了不同硅钒比的钒硅中孔分子筛V－MCM－41，利用XRD，IR，TG等表征方法考察了钒的搀杂量与其结构和性能之间的关系，该催化剂对苯乙烯氧化反应具有较好的催化活性，在一定的反应条件下，以H2O2溶液（30％）为氧化剂，以乙腈为溶剂，V－MCM－41（Si/V=25)能使苯乙烯的转化率达到95％以上，产物（苯甲醛＋苯甲酸）的选择性不低于90％。     

MCM-41分子筛催化木糖制备糠醛的研究

以MCM-41分子筛为催化剂,在正丁醇与水构成的两相溶剂体系中,将木糖脱水转化为糠醛。考察了两相溶剂体系中正丁醇与水的体积比、反应温度、反应时间以及MCM-41催化剂循环使用次数对木糖转化率和糠醛收率的影响。实验结果表明:在木糖浓度为10%、催化剂用量为50%(以木糖用量计),正丁醇与水体积比率为1:1,反应温度为170℃时,反应4 h后木糖转化率可达到96.8%,而糠醛收率最高可达44.05%。同时,研究表明,在其它反应条件相同的情况下,加入10%(以木糖用量计)的NaCl可显著提高糠醛收率,增幅可达23.1%。     

有机弱碱体系中介孔分子筛MCM-41的合成与表征

在有机弱碱无水乙二胺为碱介质的条件下(pH≈10) ,以阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,在室温下合成了介孔分子筛MCM-41。与在强碱水热体系中合成的样品相比,室温弱碱体系中合成的样品具有孔道短程有序度高等特点。详细考察了晶化时间、表面活性剂浓度和晶化温度对产物结构的影响。用XRD对所合成的产物进行表征,结果表明,晶化时间越长,所得到产物的有序度越高;随着表面活性剂质量分数的增加,所合成产物的结构和晶型的完整性越高,但并不是表面活性剂的质量分数越大越好,当表面活性剂的质量分数大于6%时,就呈现下降的趋势;随着晶化温度的升高,所得样品的规整性变差,但晶格参数a₀随温度的升高而呈现变大的趋势。     

负载型CTAB/MCM-41介孔分子筛的制备及其对溴代反应催化性能的研究

采用水热晶化法,以CTAB为模板剂合成出MCM-41介孔分子筛,后经过220℃低温焙烧4 h,可成功将CTAB固载于MCM-41,并对产物进行了XRD表征。将制备的CTAB/MCM-41催化剂用于1,7-庚二醇的溴代反应,通过对使用不同催化剂条件下反应速率的比较表明:CTAB/MCM-41的催化活性较好于未负载的CTAB。负载型的催化剂经多次使用后活性基本不变,并且能够简化反应后的分离步骤。     

钒基催化剂催化苯羟基化制苯酚反应机理

苯羟基化制苯酚是C—H键向C—O键转变富有挑战性的课题之一。该文论述了钒基催化剂催化苯羟基化制苯酚反应机理的研究进展。以钒活性中心为主线,着重从自由基、非自由基和双活性催化机理三个方面进行详细分析归纳,同时分析中涵盖了此类催化剂高效性的本质和催化微环境的重要性。由于此类催化体系及催化机理能够为解决苯环上C—H键难活化和苯酚的深度氧化等科学问题提供理论指导。因此,很有必要聚焦经济与安全并存的苯酚合成方法,同时依托已有的催化反应机理,开发更稳定且高性能的催化剂,促进我国丰富的烃类有机化合物资源利用的原始创新。     

Fe-SBA-16介孔分子筛的制备及其催化苯酚羟基化反应性能

以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,F127为模板剂,采用水热合成法直接合成不同铁含量的Fe-SBA-16分子筛。通过X射线衍射、N₂物理吸附-脱附、红外光谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱等分析手段对催化剂的结构进行表征。研究了Fe-SBA-16在以H₂O为溶剂,H₂O₂为氧化剂的苯酚羟基化反应中的催化活性并考察了不同的反应条件（Fe含量、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量、反应物配比）对催化性能的影响。结果表明,在一定铁含量的条件下合成出的Fe-SBA-16样品均保持了SBA-16介孔分子筛的立方笼状介孔结构和高的比表面积,且Fe被成功地引入到SBA-16骨架上。当Si/Fe=30时,Fe-SBA-16催化剂表现出良好的催化活性和选择性。反应温度为65℃,反应时间为2h,苯酚：双氧水为1：0.4时催化活性最好,苯酚的转化率为30.8%,邻苯二酚与对苯二酚的选择性分别为64.3%与30.5%。     

ZSM-5/MCM-41复合分子筛的微波合成及催化性能

用微孔沸石硅源法微波合成ZSM-5/MCM-41复合分子筛,采用XRD、BET和NH₃-TPD技术对合成分子筛进行表征。结果表明,复合分子筛具有类MCM-41 的典型六方介孔结构,同时具有中孔和微孔结构,复合分子筛的总酸量介于HMCM-41酸量与HZSM-5酸量之间。利用脉冲微反装置考察合成分子筛的邻二甲苯异构化催化性能。结果表明,ZSM-5/MCM-41复合分子筛具有高于同硅铝比的MCM-41、ZSM-5和ZSM-5/MCM-41的机械混合物的催化活性。     

Synthesis, characterization of bimetallic Sn-Zn-MCM41 and its catalytic performance in the hydroxylation of phenol

A series of Sn-Zn modified-MCM41 has been synthesized by direct hydrothermal method and characterized using ICP, XRD, TG/DTA, FT-IR, HRTEM and N_2-adsorption techniques. Catalytic performances of the obtained materials were evaluated in the hydroxylation of phenol with H₂O₂. Results indicated that all the samples exhibited typical hexagonal arrangement of mesoporous structure with high surface area and the heteroatoms were probably incorporated into the framework of MCM41. Catalytic tests revealed that the bimetallic incorporated materials were effective catalysts in the hydroxylation of phenol. The conversion of phenol could be reach to 56.8% for the catalysts with Sn: Zn: Si = 2.69: 4.57: 100 (molar ratio) under the optimized reaction conditions. Moreover, the materials containing Sn and Zn exhibited higher catalytic activity than monometallic Sn and Zn modified MCM41.     

Synthesis, characterization of bimetallic Sn-Zn-MCM41 and its catalytic performance in the hydroxylation of phenol

A series of Sn-Zn modified-MCM41 has been synthesized by direct hydrothermal method and characterized using ICP, XRD, TG/DTA, FT-IR, HRTEM and N_2-adsorption techniques. Catalytic performances of the obtained materials were evaluated in the hydroxylation of phenol with H₂O₂. Results indicated that all the samples exhibited typical hexagonal arrangement of mesoporous structure with high surface area and the heteroatoms were probably incorporated into the framework of MCM41. Catalytic tests revealed that the bimetallic incorporated materials were effective catalysts in the hydroxylation of phenol. The conversion of phenol could be reach to 56.8% for the catalysts with Sn: Zn: Si = 2.69: 4.57: 100 (molar ratio) under the optimized reaction conditions. Moreover, the materials containing Sn and Zn exhibited higher catalytic activity than monometallic Sn and Zn modified MCM41.     

Synthesis,characterization and catalytic activity of metallosalens and metallocalixpyrroles encapsulated in Y and MCM-41 molecular sieves

The in situ synthesis and encapsulation of metallo-octamethylcalix(4)pyrrole inside the pores of HMCM-41 catalyst is presented. The catalytic performance of the synthesized material was tested by the liquid phase oxidation of cyclohexene at room temperature using tert-butyl hydroperoxide as an oxidant. Similarly we have synthesized and encapsulated metallosalens in NaY zeolite and carried out the liquid phase oxidation of p-xylene at 100 °C using H₂O₂ as an oxidant. The central transition metal ions present in these two types of complexes were varied. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, IR spectra and thermal analysis.     

咪唑改性MCM-22分子筛的制备及甲烷无氧芳构化性能

以硅溶胶为硅源,环己亚胺为模板剂,在动态条件下利用水热合成法合成了MCM-22分子筛,并在该体系下以咪唑为添加剂合成了咪唑改性MCM-22-I分子筛,考察了咪唑对MCM-22-I分子筛合成的影响,利用FTIR、XRD、SEM、ICP、BET、NH₃-TPD、H₂-TPR和TG/DTG等手段分别对咪唑改性前后分子筛的物化性质进行了表征。结果表明,咪唑改性能够增大MCM-22的比表面积、孔容和酸性,同时可有效降低模板剂HMI的用量。采用等体积浸渍法制备了6Mo/MCM-22和6Mo/MCM-22-I双功能催化剂,在连续流动固定床反应器上,反应温度700℃、反应压力1.01×10⁵Pa（1atm）、空速1500mL/(g-cat·h)的反应条件下,考察了催化剂催化甲烷无氧芳构化合成苯的催化剂性能。结果表明,与6Mo/MCM-22催化剂相比,咪唑改性的6Mo/MCM-22-I催化剂具有更高的择形性能和催化活性,甲烷的平均转化率提高了24.1%,苯的平均生成速率和选择性分别提高了24.3%和10.0%。     

Characterization and catalytic performance of mesoporous molecular sieves Al-MCM-41 materials

Mesoporous Al-MCM-41 materials of different Si/Al ratios have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, ²⁷Al and ²⁹Si MAS NMR, differential thermogravimetric analysis, N₂ adsorption measurements, FT-IR and catalytic cracking of alkanes. The experimental results show that the incorporation of aluminium into the framework of MCM-41 has a great effect on the degree of long-distance order, the surface acidities and the mesoporous structures of the materials. With increase of the aluminium content, the amounts of tetrahedral framework aluminium and the acid sites on the samples increase, but the acid strength decreases. Al-MCM-41 materials exhibit high activity for n-C₁₆ ⁰ cracking and good selectivity for producing low carbon alkylenes, particularly for i-C₄ ⁼.     

Selective hydroxylation of phenol employing Cu–MCM-41 catalysts

We studied the oxidation reaction of phenol in aqueous and acetonitrile media under mild conditions, employing Cu-modified MCM-41 mesoporous catalysts. The stability of the catalysts under reaction conditions was confirmed by XRD, UV–VIS and FTIR techniques. Results obtained indicate that the selective oxidation of phenol with H₂O₂ by a radical substitution mechanism produces three main reaction products: catechol, hydroqinone and benzoquinone.     

Synthesis of Fe-MCM-48 and its catalytic performance in phenol hydroxylation

Highly ordered Fe-MCM-48 was synthesized by a mixed templation method under low molar ratio (0.17:1) of mixed surfactants to silica and characterized by XRD, ²⁹Si-MAS NMR, ESR, and UV-Visible. Its catalytic activity and selectivity was studied for phenol hydroxylation using H₂O₂ (30%). The substituting element (Fe³⁺) is partially incorporated into the framework position forming a new type of active site which raises the phenol conversion to 43.6% and the diphenol (the mixture of catechol (CAT) and hydroquinone (HQ)) selectivity to 97.7%.