NaA分子筛膜用于乙酸乙酯溶媒脱水回收

采用国产NaA分子筛膜对医药乙酸乙酯溶媒进行渗透汽化脱水回收,成功将乙酸乙酯脱水至0.05wt.%以下,处理能力达16.8kg.m-2.h-1,收率>99%。对NaA分子筛膜稳定性进行了考察,渗透汽化实验与扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征结果表明,经过76.5h运行后的NaA分子筛膜保持了良好的分离性能与结构稳定性,在工业乙酸乙酯溶媒回收中表现出良好的应用前景。     

NaA型分子筛膜合成及应用进展

介绍了NaA型分子筛膜在合成及应用方面的研究进展,重点介绍了NaA型分子筛膜在渗透汽化分离方面的实际应用,展望了NaA型分子筛膜的应用前景。     

NaA分子筛膜的制备及其在醇类脱水中的应用

采用水热合成法在莫来石支撑体上制备NaA分子筛膜,并利用渗透汽化技术对甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇和叔丁醇等不同分子尺寸的醇水体系进行脱水性能的研究,同时考察操作温度和原料液中水含量对膜的分离性能的影响．研究表明：在优化条件下制备出致密无缺陷的NaA分子筛膜,所制备的膜对几种醇类体系脱水都具有良好的分离效果,膜的渗透水通量随温度的升高而增加,分离因予略有下降;随着醇类分子尺寸的增大,膜的分离因子和水通量都呈增大趋势．     

A型沸石分子筛膜微波合成及渗透汽化性能

引　言沸石分子筛具有均匀的分子尺寸微孔结构和良好的热稳定性、机械强度、催化作用 ,是当前无机膜材料研究的热点之一 .沸石分子筛膜合成方法主要有原位水热合成法和汽相合成法 ,应用这些方法已成功合成出Ａ型[1] 、Ｙ型[2 ] 、Ｐ型[3 ] 、ＭＦＩ等[4 ] 等沸石分子筛膜 .Ａ型沸石分子筛由于具有0 .3～ 0 .5ｎｍ的有效孔径和三维孔道结构 ,亲水性强 ,有可能在小分子气体如低碳烃类分离及有机物脱水等方面得到应用 .Ｊａｎｓｅｎ等[5] 认为晶体粒径愈大 ,产生堆积孔径愈大 ,所合成的沸石分子筛膜存在缺陷可能性愈大 .但从文献报道看 ,沸石分…     

NaA分子筛膜的合成及在渗透蒸发中的应用

介绍了近几年来国内外在NaA分子筛膜的合成及应用方面的研究进展,重点介绍了NaA分子筛膜渗透蒸发的机理和在有机物脱水中的应用.提供了分子筛膜渗透蒸发与蒸馏过程在有机物脱水中的经济比较,发现渗透蒸发过程能降低一半成本.最后对NaA分子筛膜的制备和渗透蒸发进行了展望.     

分子筛渗透汽化膜应用

介绍了分子筛渗透汽化脱水装置的优点,总结1000 t/a分子筛渗透汽化乙醇脱水装置的运行情况,包括成品水分,渗透液乙醇含量的情况。根据实际运行情况核算装置运行成本,并与萃取精馏工艺运行成本作比较。分析了再沸器气化无法除去弱碱、弱碱盐、弱酸、可挥发性酸及弱酸弱碱盐的原因,及这些杂质对p H值和电导率的影响。提出了除去不同杂质的解决方案。     

Silicalite-1分子筛膜用于渗透汽化分离

渗透汽化分离是新型的膜分离技术，它具有低能耗、低设备投资及容易工业放大等优点。以往在渗透汽化分离中多使用有机膜，但在分离中有机膜难免有溶涨的缺点。无机膜在此方面有着有机膜无可比拟的优势。另外，在渗透汽化分离中很少对提取有机物进行研究。利用Silicalitc-1分子筛膜可以从有机物／水混合物中提取有机物。     

NaA分子筛膜反应器内乙基叔丁基醚的合成

针对乙醇和叔丁醇反应制备乙基叔丁基醚(ETBE)时产物水的阻碍效应所造成的ETBE收率不高的问题,提出以中空纤维NaA分子筛膜为核心元件,构建渗透汽化膜反应器(PVMR),使反应生成的水能够通过渗透汽化作用高效地在线脱除.通过与普通反应器的对比实验发现,料液初始醇比的升高可以抑制副反应的进行,提高ETBE的最终收率,但...     

不锈钢支撑体表面NaA分子筛膜的合成与表征

利用二次生长法在不锈钢片式支撑体上合成出Na A分子筛膜。采用XRD、FE-SEM和渗透汽化分离技术对所合成的膜进行了系统表征。研究结果表明所合成的膜具有(200)面取向性,并且合成时间和合成次数对膜的取向性以及分离性能有重要影响。在2次3.5h的合成条件下,所制备的膜具有较优的取向性和分离性能,其XRD图谱上NaA分子筛(200)面与(220)面的峰强比值达到22,远高于无取向NaA分子筛膜的峰强比值。该膜在343 K下分离含水量5 wt.%的乙醇溶液时,其水/乙醇分离因子和渗透通量分别为1290和1.12kg·h-1·m-2。     

Synthesis of NaA and NaX Zeolite Membranes by Fumed Silica Via Clear Solution Gel

NaA zeolite membranes have been used for dehydration of organic solvents in laboratory and commercial scales. There are many synthesis methods and conditions for manufacturing the membranes. The use of lactescent and clear gel solutions are two of the most important choices for high quality hydrothermal synthesis of NaA zeolite membrane in gas separation or dehydration of organic solvents. In this article, effect of hydrothermal synthesis time was investigated using the clear gel solution (Al₂O₃:5SiO₂:50Na₂O:1000H₂O). Phase transformation from NaA to NaX was recognized as the most possible event when the clear gel solution was used. XRD spectra, SEM images, and GC analyses were used for evaluation of zeolite crystal phase, the membrane layer quality, and the contents of organic substances (ethanol or 2-propanol) in feed and permeate streams in pervaporation tests, respectively. From synthesis of zeolite membrane at different times, it was revealed that for achieving the pure NaA zeolite phase the synthesis time should not exceed 3 h at 100°C.     

Dehydration of Isopropanol by Pervaporation Using Aromatic Polyetherimide Membranes

Abstract

Aromatic polyetherimide membranes were prepared by the phase inversion method and tested for the pervaporation separation of water from isopropanol with emphasis on the breaking of azeotropic composition and the dehydration of high concentrations of isopropanol. It was found that the membrane selectivity was enhanced by partial evaporation of the solvent in the cast polymer films prior to the gelation step during membrane formation. The membrane performance was shown to be dependent on the feed concentration and the operating temperature. At a feed temperature of 25°C and a permeate pressure of 133 Pa, separation factors of 173 and 384 were achieved for the dehydration of isopropanol solutions at 0.68 (azeotropic composition) and 0.96 mole fractions isopropanol, respectively, with reasonably high permeation rates. The utility of the membranes for the proposed separation was demonstrated; however, these membranes were not prepared under optimized conditions and thus a continuous study is required to rationalize the effects of membrane preparation parameters on membrane performance.     

有支撑纯NaA和NaY沸石膜的合成

本文简要介绍有支撑纯NaA和NaY沸石膜的合成方法和结构分析结果.研究结果表明,通过对支撑体进行适当碱处理,用二次水热合成由适当组成的反应混合物可以在多孔陶瓷支撑体上合成堆积紧密的纯NaA和NaY沸石膜.     

Development of Novel NH4Y Zeolite‐Filled Chitosan Membranes for the Dehydration of Water‐Isopropanol Mixture Using Pervaporation

Abstract

NH₄Y zeolite‐filled chitosan membranes were developed for the separation of water‐isopropanol mixture using pervaporation process. The NH₄Y zeolite‐filled chitosan membranes were prepared using a solution technique with the variation of NH₄Y zeolite loading (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 wt.%). The membranes morphologies were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the membranes mechanical strength were tested using the parameter of tensile strength and percent strain at maximum. The effects of NH₄Y zeolite loading on the liquid sorption characteristics and pervaporation performance were also evaluated. The diffusion coefficient of water and isopropanol for the chitosan membranes at different NH₄Y zeolite loading is estimated. The presence of NH₄Y zeolite in the chitosan membranes caused non‐homogeneous dispersion of NH₄Y zeolite crystals and membrane swelling due to its hydrophilic properties. However, the presence of NH₄Y zeolite was able to improve both tensile strength and percent strain at maximum of chitosan membranes. The presence of NH₄Y zeolite also increased the total permeation flux and separation factor simultaneously. The Pervaporation Separation Index shows that 0.2 wt.% of NH₄Y zeolite‐filled membrane gave the optimum performance in the pervaporation process. The diffusion coefficient estimated proves that the membranes were highly water selective.     

新型渗透蒸发膜在偏二甲肼脱水中的应用前景

偏二甲肼传统的工业生产方法危险且能耗极大,渗透蒸发是一种新型的膜分离技术和清洁生产技术,受其膜材料的限制未能广泛应用,随着新型膜材料的出现打破这一瓶颈.在分析新型沸石膜用于醇/水等有机混合物脱水的应用研究基础上,讨论了将沸石膜应用于偏二甲肼脱水的可行性及待进一步研究的主要问题.     

Mixed Matrix Silicone and Fluorosilicone/Zeolite 4A Membranes for Ethanol Dehydration by Pervaporation

The ability of homogeneous and mixed matrix membranes prepared using standard silicone rubber, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), and fluorosilicone rubber, poly(trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane) (PTFPMS), to dehydrate ethanol by pervaporation was evaluated. Although PDMS is generally considered to be the benchmark hydrophobic membrane material in pervaporation, water/ethanol molar permselectivity of a pure PDMS membrane was found to be 0.89 for a feed containing 80/20 w/w ethanol/water at 50°C, indicating a slight selectivity for water. Fluorinated groups in PTFPMS improved the water-ethanol permselectivity to 1.85, but decreased the water permeability from 9.7 × 10^?12 kmol · m/m² · s · kPa in PDMS to 5.1 × 10^?12 kmol · m/m² · s · kPa (29,000 and 15,200 Barrer, respectively). These water permeabilities are attractive, particularly since the rubbery materials should not experience the steep declines in water permeability observed with most standard dehydration membranes as water concentration in the feed decreases. However, the water selectivity is lower than desired for most applications. Particles of hydrophilic zeolite 4A were loaded into both PDMS and PTFPMS matrices in an effort to boost water selectivity and further improve water permeability. Water-ethanol permselectivities as high as 11.5 and water permeabilities as high as 23.2 × 10^?12 kmol · m/m² · s · kPa were observed for the PTFPMS/zeolite 4A mixed matrix membranes?6 times higher than for the unfilled PTFPMS membrane.     

丝光沸石膜渗透汽化法脱水浓缩四氢呋喃的实验研究

采用二次生长法,在无有机模板剂的条件下于a-Al2O3载体上制备丝光沸石膜. 所制丝光沸石膜用于四氢呋喃(THF)水溶液脱水浓缩,考察了操作温度、THF浓度对其渗透汽化性能的影响. 结果表明,在操作温度为60℃、THF浓度为90%(w)时,丝光沸石膜的渗透通量和分离因数分别为0.35 kg/(m2×h)和9233,渗透液水含量达99.907%(w). THF浓度在75%~97%范围内,渗透液的水含量均在99.6%以上. 对THF浓度为97.066%(w)的模拟制药废液脱水37 h后,THF浓度达99.640%.     

分子筛膜渗透蒸发技术研究进展

概述了渗透蒸发膜分离过程和分子筛膜的优点,重点综述了沸石分子筛膜在渗透蒸发中的传输机理和传质模型,以及温度、压力、组成等对渗透蒸发膜分离性能的影响因素,介绍了分子筛膜渗透蒸发技术在有机溶剂脱水、水中脱除有机物和有机混合物分离等方面的应用,展望了分子筛膜在渗透蒸发膜分离技术中的发展方向。     

沸石膜渗透蒸发性能研究进展

渗透蒸发由于其对近沸物和恒沸混合物高效的分离性能而成为当今一个基本的分离操作单元。本文首先对渗透蒸发装置及分离性能表征简要总结,然后重点概述了对沸石膜的渗透蒸发应用和渗透蒸发过程影响因素,最后针对当前研究现状,展望了沸石膜在渗透蒸发方面的发展前景。