Chemical engineering protection in primary crude oil refining units

Efficient methods of protecting primary crude oil refining units from corrosion are: using demulsifiers in the electric desalting stage, alkalization of the crude oil before vaporization, use of corrosion inhibitors in atmospheric tower distillate lines. Translated fromKhimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 17–18, May–June, 2000.     

Mongolian crude oil. Rational refining directions

The group hydrocarbon compositions of typical crude oils from the most important fields in Mongolia and their naphtha, diesel, and lube oil cuts were determined. The commercial specifications of these cuts were evaluated and ways of additionally refining straight-run cuts to bring their quality to the required standard were noted. __________ Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 6, pp. 32–35, November–December, 2007.     

Modernization of crude oil refining units using power-saving technologies

Exhaustive refining of crude oil requires large amounts of power. To reduce power consumption, heat pumps, chillers, and heat pipes are proposed for oil refining units. Variants of using hi-tech technologies for updating the units are examined.     

Optimization of crude oil refining products to valuable fuel blends

Crude oils are composed of hundreds of different hydrocarbon molecules, which are separated through the process of refining and small quantities of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, vanadium, nickel, and chromium. An oil refinery is a group of manufacturing plants that are used to separate petroleum into valuable fractions. Oil refining is one of the most complex chemical industries, which includes many different and complex processes with several possible connections. In the process of distillation, crude oil is heated in a furnace so that hydrocarbons can be separated via their boiling point. The main purposes of crude oil blending are to optimize commercial value, to upgrade or reduce oil consumption to meet specifications and to facilitate oil movement. Simulation software, such as linear programming modeling, is often used to estimate the rate components that provide a low cost mix. The aim of blending of crude oils and refinery products is to increase the refined margins without affecting the required physical properties of the blends. The optimization of in crude oil blends and maximization of low-cost refinery intermediates in final blends are the basic processes for achieving this goal of using cheap crude oils. The highest degree of blending optimization requires continuous updating of the simulation model by adapting to real-time analytical trends.     

Tests on oil-soluble demulsifiers in preparation of crude oil for refining

Translated fromKhimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 5, p. 20, September–October, 1996.     

高效重沸器在炼油化工装置的应用

高效重沸器是以T型翅片管为强化传热元件的高效节能换热设备。在炼油厂气体分馏装置上使用 ,不仅提高传热效率 ,降低蒸汽的耗量 ,运行良好 ,而且降低能耗及设备费用 ,为在其他装置上应用提供了参考     

Optimization of the composition of oil and gas condensate mixtures for primary refining

A simple method of calculating the optimum composition of oil and gas condensate feedstock with the easily determined physicochemical properties of its components and standardized performance properties of petroleum products is examined.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 37 – 39, January – February, 2005.     

掺炼俄罗斯原油常压塔顶空冷器腐蚀监测

1 概 述大庆石化公司常减压装置于2003年9月开始掺炼俄罗斯含硫原油,考察林源、吉化、哈炼常减压装置设备情况,腐蚀相当严重,其中常压塔顶空冷器管束3个月就出现了腐蚀穿孔现象。俄罗斯原油特点是硫元素和金属元素含量高,俄罗斯原油含硫为0.868%,大庆原油含硫为0.12%,俄罗斯原油中Cl—含量也较高。虽采取了防腐措施,如一级电脱盐、注含有机胺的综合剂和缓蚀剂等,但塔顶的腐蚀问题仍未得到有效控制。为了摸清空冷管束腐蚀状况,尤其是相变区的腐蚀情况,进而调整防腐手段,石化公司在常压塔顶安装了一套腐蚀在线监测系统。该系统由中国科学院…