引射雾化喷嘴性能研究

对新型引射雾化喷嘴的流量系数、雾化角、雾粒分布均匀性进行了研究,提出了喷嘴流量系数、雾化角、雾粒大小计算方法。研究表明,这些方法的计算结果与实际很接近,对新型引射雾化喷嘴的设计计算十分有益,具有重要的工程意义。     

新型旋流引射喷嘴数值模拟及结构优化

提出并设计了一种应用于喷雾冷却塔的新型旋流引射喷嘴,利用Fluent软件对喷嘴内部流场进行两相流数值模拟,并实验测量了不同压力下的进水流量和引射空气流量,实验数据与模拟结果具有较高的吻合度,最大相对误差低于10%,验证了数值模拟的准确性。随后利用该方法得到了不同结构参数下喷嘴内部流场的仿真值,重点研究了旋流片螺旋升角、混合管直径和长度以及扩散管长度对喷嘴空气引射性能与流动特性的影响规律,从而对喷嘴结构进行优化。模拟结果表明:为使喷嘴取得最佳的引射性能,同时保证较大的出口速度,旋流片螺旋升角的最优取值范围为35°—45°,混合管直径为2.5—3倍喉嘴直径d,混合管长度为(4.5—7)d,扩散管长度为(1.5—4.5)d。     

WDH型气泡雾化喷嘴的流量特性研究

ＷＤＨ型气泡雾化柴油、重油、渣油及奥里油里油燃烧器已在各行为的工业炉窑上得到了广泛的应用。本文对ＷＤＨ型气泡雾化喷嘴的流量特性进行了实验研究。此项研究结果对进一步开发ＷＤＨ型气泡雾化喷嘴的应用领域将发挥重要的作用。     

拉瓦尔喷嘴应用于蒸汽喷射式热泵性能分析

将拉瓦尔喷管的结构特性与传统全收敛型喷嘴结构性能进行对比,分析了拉瓦尔喷管型喷嘴在蒸汽喷射式热泵中的使用性能。通过对拉瓦尔喷嘴应用于蒸汽喷射式热泵的实际样机进行测试,得出了以实测数据为依据的性能分析结论,为提升传统蒸汽喷射式热泵性能提供了理论及数据参考。     

射水抽气器结构优化的试验研究

利用试验台对射水抽气器进行了结构优化试验。给出了试验设备、试验方法和试验表的表头设计方法。以正交试验设计方法分析了喷嘴压力、喉嘴间距和面积比3个因素对引射系数的影响,并得到了最优方案。模拟结果表明:3个因素对引射系数的影响程度依次是面积比喷嘴入口压力喉嘴间距;引射系数随喷嘴入口压力的增大而增大,随喉嘴间距和面积比的增大先增大后减小。     

调节阀流量系数的计算与开度验算

对“化工自动控制过程中气动调节阀的选择与应用”一中调节阀流量系数Ｃ值的计算与开度验算进行了探讨。     

基于正交设计的反吹喷嘴动力特性分析

为优化反吹喷嘴的反吹效果,针对引射器与喷嘴的结构尺寸进行了多维度模拟实验。为使模拟简化且有效,采用正交试验设计法指导数值模拟。分别研究了喷嘴直径、收缩段长度、引射器收缩段长度和直径、混合段长度和直径、扩压段长度和直径、喷嘴直管直径之比对引射器性能的影响。结果表明:喉部长度与喷嘴直径比应避开1.5~2.5,L_4的无量纲值保持在1.0附近有利于提高引射系数。     

水引射蒸汽引射器的数值模拟

建立了水引射水蒸汽的引射器3维数值模型,以欧拉-欧拉双流体模型为基础,结合基于热平衡的直接接触冷凝传热传质模型,对引射器内发生的两相流流动和传热传质过程进行了数值计算。考察了引射器进出口流体参数变化对引射器引射系数、升温能力的影响,同时获得了引射器内汽水分布和温度压力场的变化规律。计算结果表明,引射器引射系数随一次流压力升高而略有升高,随一次流水温的升高和被引射蒸汽压力的降低而降低;进出口温升变化规律则与引射系数相同;引射器出口背压升高导致引射系数降低,且升高至一定值时,引射器出现回流。计算所得规律与实验所得一致,表明提出的模型具有一定参考价值。     

陶瓷过滤器脉冲反吹系统引射性能的实验研究（Ⅱ）：动态引射？…

通过测定陶瓷过滤器引射器喉管处的瞬态流场得到了脉冲反吹过程中引射气体流量随时间的变化规律,分析了喷吹压力和脉冲宽度对引射气体流量的影响。依据喷吹气体流量的实验结果,得到了不同喷吹距离时的动态引射比随时间的变化规律。结果表明,喷吹距离是影响引射性能的一个重要参数。     

矩形喷嘴射流近喷口流场的大涡模拟

采用Smagorinsky提出的亚网格应力模型对三维矩形喷嘴射流近喷口处流场进行了大涡模拟,着重研究了较高Reynolds数下小宽高比矩形射流近喷口处流场的流速、脉动量等特征量的分布特性,并与实验结果进行了对比.气相运动控制方程的离散采用有限容积法,时间步进格式采用二阶精度的隐式Crank-Nicolson差分格式.模拟结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性.     

DRYING CHARACTERISTICS OF SLOT JET REATTACHMENT NOZZLE AND COMPARISON WITH A SLOT JET NOZZLE

ABSTRACT

Slot Jet Reattachment (SJR) nozzle is an extension of the Radial Jet Reattachment (RJR) concept used to provide high heat and mass transfer while minimizing flow exerted forces on the reattachment surface. The SJR is a slot jet nozzle with a bottom plate attached to it, which is machined to direct impinging flow at different angles to the surface. The drying characteristics of the SJR nozzle with four exit angles on a paper sample were studied for three Reynolds numbers, three temperatures and two initial moisture contents. Dry air was used as the jet fluid. Correlations to predict drying rates and moisture content for the SJR nozzle as a function of exit angle, temperature, Reynolds number and drying time, for a given initial moisture content, were developed. A comparison of the drying characteristics and net forces of the slot jet and SJR nozzles was also performed under the same flow power and surface peak pressure.     

DRYING CHARACTERISTICS OF SLOT JET REATTACHMENT NOZZLE AND COMPARISON WITH A SLOT JET NOZZLE

Slot Jet Reattachment (SJR) nozzle is an extension of the Radial Jet Reattachment (RJR) concept used to provide high heat and mass transfer while minimizing flow exerted forces on the reattachment surface. The SJR is a slot jet nozzle with a bottom plate attached to it, which is machined to direct impinging flow at different angles to the surface. The drying characteristics of the SJR nozzle with four exit angles on a paper sample were studied for three Reynolds numbers, three temperatures and two initial moisture contents. Dry air was used as the jet fluid. Correlations to predict drying rates and moisture content for the SJR nozzle as a function of exit angle, temperature, Reynolds number and drying time, for a given initial moisture content, were developed. A comparison of the drying characteristics and net forces of the slot jet and SJR nozzles was also performed under the same flow power and surface peak pressure.     

下喷自吸环流反应器内液相局部流动特性

对下喷自吸环流反应器内气－液两相流和气－液－固三相流体系的液相局部流动物性进行了深入的实验研究。采用改进皮托管法和线－线双探针电导法分别对液相瞬时速度和液含率进行了微机在线测量，并借助湍流统计理论对液相局部流动参数和局部液含率进行了统计分析和处理，着重讨论了喷射液体流量和固体粒子加入量分别对喷射有效区和导流筒内管流区液相局部流动参数和液含率的影响。     

塑料熔体（质量,体积）流动速率及熔体密度的测定

介绍塑料熔体（质量、体积）流动速率,熔体密度的测定方法及熔体流动速率比、表观粘度的计算。     

NUMERICAL PREDICTION OF A RECTANGULAR TURBULENT JET IN A CROSS FLOW

The trajectories and decay of the maximum velocity for turbulent jets in a cross flow were simulated by means of the κ — ? two-equation turbulence model in which differential equations were solved for the kinetic energy of turbulence and for the rate of its dissipation. The solution procedure employed an elliptic finite-difference scheme with the three velocity components and the pressure as the main dependent variables. The essential properties of the jet were discussed in the case of different ratios of the rectangular orifice length to the width H/B, ratios of the jet injected velocity to the main stream velocity R; and different injection angles α. The numerical prediction results were presented in the form of equivalent diameter. Lastly, two correlation equations were obtained and the numerical predictions are shown to agree well with the experimental data.     

网络喷嘴的射流分析与结构参数设计

通过网络喷嘴流场测定和进气孔射流的分析，得知在射流区内可分为较强的周向气流速度分量，使丝束假捻，旋转，同时有稍弱的轴向气流速度分量，使丝束前移形成网络结，其射流核心区长度约为进气孔直径的４．７倍。丝道截面形状推荐为桃形，喷嘴进气孔直径一般为１．１～２．２ｍｍ，丝道长度一般在２０～４５ｍｍ，丝束张力以进丝张力稍低于出丝张力１０％～２０％为宜。