水流结构相互作用的粒子法数值仿真

提出了光滑质点水动力学法,对具有自由面的水流(体)与建筑物相互作用问题进行了数值仿真。应用该法求解了拉格朗日形式的纳维埃—斯托克斯方程,并对方程中的梯度、散度与拉普拉斯等项进行了相应的处理。光滑质点水动力学法具有计算格式简单、易于跟踪自由面和计算大变形问题等优势。最后,给出了水流(体)与建筑物相互作用的两个计算实例,结果表明,计算结果与其他方法给出的数据符合良好。     

GPU加速的SPH方法在溢洪道水流模拟中的应用

基于拉格朗日描述的光滑粒子动力学方法（SPH）擅长于处理自由面剧烈变化的水流现象,十分适合水利工程中泄洪等问题的数值模拟。然而,SPH方法通常采用均匀分布的粒子对流体计算域进行空间离散,对于工程问题而言需要的粒子数量较多、计算量大。为了突破SPH方法在实际大规模计算中的适用范围,采用C++和CUDA混合编程的技术,借助GPU实现了对SPH方法的并行加速。通过WES三圆弧段组成的光滑溢洪道过流问题,验证了GPU加速的SPH方法的计算精度和可靠性,计算效率相对原始的SPH仿真过程提高了61.8倍。最后,将GPU加速的SPH方法应用于水利工程的溢洪道泄流问题,分别模拟了光滑溢洪道和台阶式溢洪道流动特性,通过自由面的演化过程及泄流沿程截面上的速度分布状态,对比分析了台阶对泄流现象的影响。 〖HT5”H〗关〓键〓词：〖HT5”K〗     

Numerical simulation of hydro-elastic problems with smoothed particle hydrodynamics method

Violent free surface flows with strong fluid-solid interactions can produce a tremendous pressure load on structures, resu-lting in elastic and even plastic deformations. Modeling hydro-elastic problem...     

近边界面的水下爆炸冲击波传播特性及气穴效应

炸药在水下起爆后,产生的冲击波在传播过程中将主要遇到两种边界面:自由水面和结构面边界,而这些边界面的存在将显著影响冲击波的传播特性。考虑冲击波与自由面及结构面的动态耦合相互作用,基于Lagrangian-Eulerian耦合算法,建立了近边界面水下爆炸全耦合模型,通过与已有文献的研究成果及经验公式进行对比,验证了数值模型的可靠性;对自由场、近自由面、近背空气结构面及近背水结构面水下爆炸的冲击波传播特性进行了系统的研究,探讨了不同边界面条件下的水下爆炸冲击波传播特性机制。研究表明,近边界面对水下爆炸冲击波传播特性具有重要的影响,近自由面和近背空气结构面水下爆炸均产生了气穴效应。     

Tracking methods for free surface and simulation of a liquid droplet impacting on a solid surface based on SPH

With some popular tracking methods for free surface, simulations of several typical examples are carried out under various flow field conditions.The results show that the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is very suitable in simulating the flow problems with a free surface.A viscous liquid droplet with an initial velocity impacting on a solid surface is simulated based on the SPH method, and the surface tension is considered by searching the free surface particles, the initial impact effect is co...     

Numerical simulation of two-dimensional viscous flows using combined finite element-immersed boundary method

In this paper, a method that combines the characteristic-based split finite element method(CBS-FEM) and the direct forcing immersed boundary(IB) method is proposed for the simulation of incompressible viscous flows. The structured triangular meshes without regarding the location of the physical boundary of the body is adopted to solve the flow, and the no-slip boundary condition is imposed on the interface. In order to improve the computational efficiency, a grid stretching strategy for the background structured triangular meshes is adopted. The obtained results agree very well with the previous numerical and experimental data. The order of the numerical accuracy is shown to be between 1 and 2. Moreover, the accuracy control by adjusting the number density of the mark points purely at certain stages is explored, and a second power law is obtained. The numerical experiments for the flow around a cylinder behind a backward-facing step show that the location of the cylinder can affect the sizes and the shapes of the corner eddy and the main recirculation region. The proposed method can be applied further to the fluid dynamics with complex geometries, moving boundaries, fluid-structure interactions, etc..     

On the modeling of viscous incompressible flows with smoothed particle hydrodynamics

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) is a Lagrangian, meshfree particle method and has been widely applied to different areas in engineering and science. Since its original extension to modeling free surface flows by Monaghan in 1994, SPH has been gradually developed into an attractive approach for modeling viscous incompressible fluid flows. This paper presents an overview on the recent progresses of SPH in modeling viscous incompressible flows in four major aspects which are closely related to the computational accuracy of SPH simulations. The advantages and disadvantages of different SPH particle approximation schemes, pressure field solution approaches, solid boundary treatment algorithms and particle adapting algorithms are described and analyzed. Some new perspectives and future trends in SPH modeling of viscous incompressible flows are discussed.     

工程中液面波动的数值模拟

本文研究数值模拟含有自由表面的三维非定常流动的表面波动情况。运用部分单元法的概念成功地 各种复杂形状的边界以及复杂的边界条件和流场内部的障碍物，运用ＶＯＦ方法踪自由液面。     

THE APPLICATIONS AND STUDY OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TURBULENCE FLOW WITH FREE SURFACE IN HYDRAULIC SPILL WAYS STRUCTURE

The turbulence flow Free Surface has important applications in hydraulic spillways structure,such as the hydraulic jump,energy dissipation flow etc.This is being considered as very complicated flow,and has not yet been solved quite well by numerical method. In this paper,a Large-scale computational software package are developed for numerical laboratory of hydraulic spillway structure.Some methods,such as turbulence model, free surface and irregular boundary treating techniques,scientific computer visualization are put forward and performed.     

SPH modeling of fluid-structure interaction

This work concerns numerical modeling of fluid-structure interaction(FSI) problems in a uniform smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) framework. It combines a transport-velocity SPH scheme, advancing fluid motions, with a total Lagrangian SPH formulation dealing with the structure deformations. Since both fluid and solid governing equations are solved in SPH framework, while coupling becomes straightforward, the momentum conservation of the FSI system is satisfied strictly. A well-known FSI benchmark test case has been performed to validate the modeling and to demonstrate its potential.     

基于光滑粒子流体动力学方法的溃坝水流模拟

受全球气候变暖的影响,由极端天气引发的类似溃坝等问题发生的概率大大增加,深入研究溃坝水流的水动力特性势在必行。在分析光滑粒子流体动力学基本原理的基础上,提出了一种改进的边界处理方法,即将接近壁面的流体视为层流,在耦合动力边界附近引入层流黏性近似边界层理论。采用该方法对溃坝水流进行数值模拟,将SPH数值模拟得到的外轮廓、自由液面高度以及压力与实验结果进行了比较和分析。结果表明：改进的边界处理方法较完整地得到了水流与壁面相互作用而产生的多种复杂的物理现象,其外部轮廓与实验非常吻合;自由表面融合过程中液面间冲击的能量耗散会导致融合后的液面高度存在一些差异;不同监测点处压力随时间的变化基本落在置信区间之内。数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合度较高,验证了改进方案的可靠性和计算结果的准确性。     

光滑粒子水动力学在水利与海洋工程中的应用研究进展

将光滑粒子水动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)在水利及海洋工程中的应用分为纯水流模拟、流固耦合模拟、泥沙模拟和水气两相流模拟4大类问题,系统地介绍了SPH在解决这些问题时的技术手段与研究现状,指出了SPH独特的计算方法及其在处理无反射造波、进出流边界、流固界面运动、底床冲刷等问题中面临的困难,阐述了不同类型的SPH模型的优缺点,总结了SPH在过去十几年的发展特点,并提出未来SPH在水动力学领域的发展方向应该集中在开发高精度与高效率的新算法模型、成熟的紊流模型和高效的并行计算模型方面。     

模拟二维水下爆炸问题的光滑粒子(SPH)方法

水下爆炸涉及两相流,是一个动边界的问题,迅速变化的气-液交界面给传统的基于网格的数值方法带来了严重的挑战。SPH法是一种拉格朗日方法,该方法可以准确且有效地捕捉气-液交界面。论文应用光滑粒子(SPH)法来模拟水下爆炸过程,特别给出了光滑长度的选取方法和优化算法。最后,通过两个算例验证该方法,数值模拟结果表明,光滑粒子法在处理水下爆炸这样的大变形和强非线性问题方面具有精度高、耗时少、数值稳定等优点。     

SPH方法在自由面问题中的应用

作为无网格粒子法,SPH法在处理大变形、自由面流动问题时具有显著的优势.介绍了SPH法的基本数值方法,并基于SPH法数值模拟了2个二维溃坝问题,将计算结果与试验数据进行了比较,结果表明:SPH法在处理自由面时具有很强的适应性.尽管水面发生了翻卷、破碎等剧烈的变化,但SPH法仍然能够较好地捕捉到这些流动现象,同时数值模拟得到的水头位置和自由面形状均能与试验结果相吻合,表明SPH法在处理自由面问题时具有较高的准确性及可靠性.     

嵌套网格的海洋过程模型

在有多个区域的算例中,我们介绍了两种处理方法以允许计算信息在边界处能够自由传递。第一种方法是基于给定的一个交界面以实现最少的边界反射波,它在各个次区域之间只单纯计算初值问题。第二种方法则是在各个次区域之间利用压力边界条件,同时利用后退边界方法来减少压力误差。开始时,计算区域叠加在一起,但是利用后退边界在几个时间步长之后可以消除计算区域的叠加,从而可以避免近似边界条件的应用。这种方法有效防止了计算误差在各个次区域边界处的累积,而且通过不断的舍去边界值减少了计算误差往其他区域的传播。最后介绍了这种方法在计算表面波、重力流以及表面波和内波相互结合的传播过程。     

Theory and applications of coupled fluid-structure interactions of ships in waves and ocean acoustic environment

Wave induced motions and structural distortions, and machinery or propeller excited vibrations and acoustic radiations of a ship are two kinds of important fluid-structure interaction problems. The branch of ship science that describes the coupled wave induced dynamic behavior of fluid-structure interaction system is referred to as hydroelasticity. During the past three decades the development of three-dimensional hydroelasticity theories and applications gained great progress. Recently the 3-D hydroelasticity theory was further extended to account for the fluid compressibility and the effect of the ocean acoustic environment with finite water depth. A three-dimensional sono-elasticity theory was then produced. In this paper, the 3-D hydroelasticity theory and the 3-D sono-elasticity theory of ships are briefly described. To illustrate the applicability and feasibility of these theories and the corresponding numerical approaches, several examples are presented including the predictions of wave loads, rigid-body and flexiblebody responses, springing and fatigue behaviors, machinery or propeller excited coupled structural vibrations and acoustic radiations, as well as design optimizations for improving safety and acoustic behaviors of ships.     

Sharp interface direct forcing immersed boundary methods:A summary of some algorithms and applications

Body-fitted mesh generation has long been the bottleneck of simulating fluid flows involving complex geometries. Immersed boundary methods are non-boundary-conforming methods that have gained great popularity in the last two decades for their simplicity and flexibility, as well as their non-compromised accuracy. This paper presents a summary of some numerical algori- thms along the line of sharp interface direct forcing approaches and their applications in some practical problems. The algorithms include basic Navier-Stokes solvers, immersed boundary setup procedures, treatments of stationary and moving immersed bounda- ries, and fluid-structure coupling schemes. Applications of these algorithms in particulate flows, flow-induced vibrations, biofluid dynamics, and free-surface hydrodynamics are demonstrated. Some concluding remarks are made, including several future research directions that can further expand the application regime of immersed boundary methods.     

三维宽顶堰紊流场数值模拟及分析

本文利用三雏标准k-ε紊流数学模型,选择VOF方法追踪自由表面,采用气液两相流计算模型对宽顶堰流场进行了数值模拟,计算结果与试验数据较为吻合.模拟结果表明,数值模拟能够广泛应用于数值模拟带有复杂自由表面的泄水建筑物紊流场.     

基于SPH方法的自由水面溢流过程开边界数值模拟

SPH方法是近年发展起来的流体数值模拟的一种新方法.目前,SPH方法流体模拟主要是经典的激波、Poiseuille流、Couette流、腔内剪切流及像溃坝一样的自由表面流动.均属于初始给定所有粒子的闭边界数值模拟.该文依据SPH方法,采用周期运动边界,实现了溢流坝自由表面流开边界数值模拟.计算水面线与物模实测结果吻合较好.     

潜体在两层海内波中的波浪力计算

本文以近似潜艇的细长回转体为模型，在两层海模式中三种不同潜深下，利用边界元法计算了内波对潜体的一阶垂荡波浪力和一阶纵摇波浪力矩，作为特例计算了近水面潜体的波浪力及力矩，并与实验结果进行了比较，两者吻合较好。