镁锆质浇注料的抗渣性研究

采用坩埚法研究了镁锆质浇注料的抗渣性.结果表明:随着配料中锆英石的增加,浇注料抗渣渗透性增强,抗渣侵蚀性降低.文中主要探讨了镁锆质浇注料抗渣渗透性机理.     

镁锆砖的抗RH炉渣侵蚀机制

为实现RH炉的无铬化,以电熔镁砂、单斜锆为原料制备了ZrO2质量分数为11%的镁锆砖,并采用回转抗渣法进行镁锆砖和电熔再结合镁铬砖的抗高、低碱度RH炉渣对比试验,并分析了其抗渣机制。结果表明:(1)镁锆砖抗高碱度渣侵蚀性能较再结合镁铬砖强,但其抗低碱度渣侵蚀性能相对较差;在高碱度渣中形成含锆酸钙反应层是镁锆砖抗渣侵蚀性能优越的关键。(2)镁锆砖中的ZrO2吸收渣中的CaO而使渣碱度降低,黏度升高,从而使渣在镁锆砖中的渗透程度降低。(3)镁锆残砖的渣层含微量的ZrO2,从工作面到原砖层,镁锆残砖呈现出明显变质层、轻微变质层和原砖层3个段带,而镁铬残砖只有明显变质层和原砖2个段带;镁锆砖的SiO2含量在轻微变质层中最高,而镁铬砖的SiO2含量从工作面到原砖层逐渐减小。     

氧化镁—锆英石钢包浇注料的研制

以电熔镁砂和锆英石为原料,研制了氧化镁-锆英石钢包浇注料,并研究了锆英石加入量对浇注料性能的影响及热处理温度对浇注料强度的影响,同时对其机理进行了探讨.     

锆英石和氧化铝加入量对镁质浇注料性能的影响

研究了锆荚石和氧化铝的加入量对镁质浇注料常温物理性能、热震稳定性、高温抗折强度（１４５℃,１ｈ）及抗渣性能的影响。结果表明：锆英石和氧化铝的加入均降低了镁质浇注料的常温强度,提高了其热震稳定性,但对高温抗折强度影响不大;适量锆英石和氧化铝的加入均能改善镁质浇注料的抗渣渗透性。     

铝铬渣对用后镁铬砖制备镁铬浇注料性能的影响

为实现用后镁铬砖的综合利用,本文以用后镁铬砖回收料为主要原料制备镁铬质耐火浇注料,研究了铁合金厂铝铬渣对用后镁铬砖制备镁铬质耐火浇注料体积密度、显气孔率、常温耐压强度、热震稳定性及抗渣性的影响.结果表明:铝铬渣对用后镁铬砖制备镁铬浇注料具有一定的促烧结作用,随着铝铬渣加入量增加,烧后试样常温耐压强度增大.随着浇注料结构中原位尖晶石量增加,试样显气孔率增大,体积密度减小.当铝铬渣加入量为10％时,试样的热震稳定性最好,热震前后试样的常温耐压强度保持率为93.8％,试样具有较好抗渣侵蚀性能,侵蚀层结构稳定均匀.     

不同Al2O3含量的镁铝尖晶石抗钢包渣侵蚀性研究

分别以四种不同Al2O3含量的镁铝尖晶石粉S67、S70、S78、S90为原料,纸浆废液为结合剂,混匀后压制成型,经烘干和1 600℃3 h热处理后,进行1 600℃保温3 h的抗钢包渣侵蚀试验,并对侵蚀后的四种尖晶石试样进行显微结构分析,以比较其抗钢包渣侵蚀性能的差异。结果表明:随着尖晶石原料中Al2O3含量的增加,抗渣侵蚀性能逐渐减弱,抗渣渗透性逐渐增强,但Al2O3质量分数增加到约90%(即S90)时其抗渗透反而有所减弱。SEM分析显示:在尖晶石受渣侵蚀过程中生成的MgO-FeOx固溶体和(Mg,Mn,Fe)(Fe,Al)2O4复合尖晶石,能起到抑制渣侵蚀和渗透的作用;而渗透层中游离的Al2O3与渣中CaO反应生成高熔点的CA6和CA2相,并以网络结构贯穿于尖晶石中间,有利于阻止渣的进一步渗透。综合考虑抗侵蚀性能和渗透性能认为,尖晶石原料S78抵抗钢包渣侵蚀能力较强。     

钢包粘渣与包衬耐火材料

阐明了钢包粘渣与包衬耐火材料存在一定的关系 ,抗渣渗透性差、容易出现开裂的包衬耐火材料容易粘渣。为防止钢包粘渣 ,适于采用抗侵蚀性和抗渣渗透性优良的尖晶石砖、铝尖晶石 (或铝镁 )浇注料、低密度浇注料以及抗剥落性好的刚玉 -锆英石浇注料作包衬耐火材料     

镁锆质浇注料的渣浸透机理

镁锆质耐火浇注料由于其具有较低的渣浸透和高的耐侵蚀性，现在被应用于新日铁名古屋厂的钢包渣线。通过坩埚试验，对不同ＦｅＯ含量的碱性渣，ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２及热面微观结构的分析，研究抑制渣浸透机理。     

电熔镁锆合成料的抗渣性研究

采用坩埚法研究了不同组成的电熔镁锆合成料的抗渣性。结果表明镁锆合成料比镁质材料具有更好的抗渣渗透性。随着原始配料中锆英石的增加,合成料抗渣渗透性增强。当配料中锆英石配入量超过8％后,合成料的抗渣渗透性改善已不明显。文中还探讨了镁锆合成科抗渣渗透性机理。     

锆英石加入量对低碳镁碳砖抗剥落性能的影响

为了提高VOD钢包用低碳镁碳砖的抗剥落性能，以粒度为5～3、3～1、<1和<0.088 mm的电熔镁砂，粒度<0.15 mm的天然鳞片石墨，粒度<0.045 mm的金属铝粉和粒度<0.05 mm的锆英石粉为主要原料，热固性酚醛树脂为结合剂，制备了低碳镁碳砖，研究了锆英石加入量(加入质量分数分别为0、1%、2%、5%)对低碳镁碳砖抗剥落性能的影响。结果表明：1)添加1%(w)锆英石试样的高温抗折强度、抗热震性、抗氧化性及抗渣性均达到最大，说明锆英石的加入有助于提高低碳镁碳砖的抗剥落性能。2)添加锆英石的试样经1 400℃埋碳加热0.5 h后，基质中有针状、连续片状空间结构的阿隆(AlON)以及片状氧化铝-氧化锆复合物生成，且通过钉扎增韧以及颗粒增韧提高了高温力学性能和抗热震性。3)加入过量的锆英石会导致氧化锆生成量明显增加，其高温下的体积变化使基质中微裂纹聚集，造成试样的抗剥落性能大幅下降。     

Effect of spinel content on slag attack resistance of high alumina refractory castables

High alumina refractory castables based on the Al₂O₃-MgO-CaO diagram ternary system were prepared using tabular alumina, white electrofused corundum, calcined alumina, synthetic spinel, dead-burned magnesia, dolomite, and calcium aluminate cement as starting raw materials. Two kinds of slags with 9.02 and 4.14 CaO/SiO₂ ratios were studied for slag resistance by means of crucible tests. The corrosion thickness increases with increase in magnesia content in all the designed compositions. The slag penetration decreases with increases in spinel content. Taking into account these results a refractory castable composition for its positioning into a steelmaking ladle was chosen.

Microstructural studies by SEM of samples taken from the slag line and wall in a steelmaking ladle were carried out. The correct amount of spinel required for practical applications was determined by the Al₂O₃-MgO-CaO-SiO₂ diagram quaternary system. A detailed model of the attack mechanisms is proposed.     

富铝尖晶石对镁质耐火材料抗侵蚀性的影响

研究了富铝尖晶石对镁质耐火材料抗钢渣与抗钙处理钢侵蚀性的影响。结果表明 :随着富铝尖晶石加入量的增加 ,镁质耐火材料的抗钙处理钢和钢渣熔蚀性逐渐减弱 ,而抗钢渣渗透性逐渐增强 ;纯镁质和镁尖晶石质耐火材料在抗钢渣与抗钙处理钢侵蚀方面远远优于铝锆碳质材料     

Effects of aggregate microstructure on slag resistance of lightweight Al2O3-MgO castable

Corundum-spinel castables using lightweight aggregate have drawn much attention due to their energy-saving potential, in particular when they are applied in high-temperature areas, such as the work lining of refining ladle. One of the main issues which hinder their application is their relatively poor slag corrosion performance. In this study, one type of dense tabular corundum and three types of lightweight corundum were chosen as aggregates to prepare four different model corundum-spinel castables. Their slag resistance was evaluated by an induction furnace corrosion test method. As well as SEM, EDS, and XRD characterizations, thermodynamic and kinetic analyses were carried out to assist understanding the corrosion mechanism. Results indicated that size and shape of crystalline grain in aggregate were important for the slag corrosion (dissolution) resistance of lightweight corundum-spinel castables under dynamic condition (enforced convection), whereas the effects of pore characteristics were not significant. Use of aggregates having large average crystal size and flake-shaped crystals led to a thicker diffusion boundary layer and lowered dissolution rate, i.e., good corrosion resistance, whereas use of aggregates with small and spherical crystals and larger pores led to poor slag resistance.     

Alumina-spinel castable for steel ladles: An overview

Alumina-spinel castable has excellent refractory properties, including high volume and thermal stability, good hot strength, and excellent resistance against corrosion, erosion, and thermal spalling. Excellent refractory properties have made it a preferred lining for steel ladles, reducing the erosion and corrosion of molten metal and slag and improving the ladle life and efficiency for decades. These castables are also significant for the replacement of chrome-bearing refractories that cause several health hazards. The current review paper covers preformed and in situ spinel containing alumina castables. It focuses on the importance of these castables in the sidewall and bottom portion of the steel ladle in detail, the effect of spinel and MgO content, and the factors affecting castable properties. The review also covers the final properties of castable and the application areas of alumina-spinel castable in steel ladle, purging plugs, and RH-degasser.     

基质组成对MgO-尖晶石浇注料抗渣性能的影响

采用静态坩埚法研究了添加不同组成尖晶石的ＭｇＯ－ 尖晶石浇注料基质组成与抗渣性能的关系。实验结果表明：随着基质中Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 含量增加,浇注料抗渣侵蚀能力减弱,而抗渣渗透能力增强。在基质中ＳｉＯ２ 含量固定在１０ ％ 的情况下,基质中Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 含量在３０ ％ ～５０ ％ 时浇注料抗渣侵蚀性能较好;Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 含量超过５０ ％ 时,侵蚀速率急剧增加两倍以上。不同组成尖晶石对浇注料抗渣侵蚀性能没有明显影响,但含富铝尖晶石的浇注料具有较好的抗渣渗透性能。     

高铝矾土-尖晶石钢包浇注料的开发与应用

采用高铝矾土和矾土基尖晶石为主要原料 ,制备了高铝矾土 -尖晶石浇注料 ,研究了硅微粉和烧结镁砂细粉的加入量对该浇注料高温抗折强度及抗渣性能的影响及新开发的防爆剂对浇注料抗爆裂性能的影响。结果表明 :加入适量的硅微粉和烧结镁砂细粉 ,可改善浇注料的强度和抗渣性 ;新型防爆剂可有效改善浇注料的抗爆裂性 ;研制的浇注料在 4 0t连铸钢包上使用 ,效果很好。     

Al2O3-SiC-C耐火材料抗CaO-SiO2-K2O渣侵蚀性能研究

研究了Al2O3-SiC-C耐火材料的抗CaO-SiO2-K2O渣侵蚀性能,以及添加Cr2O3对Al2O3-SiC-C材料抗渣侵蚀性能的影响.研究结果表明CaO-SiO2-K2O熔渣对Al2O3-SiC-C材料具有明显的侵蚀作用;在Al2O3-SiC-C材料中添加适量的Cr2O3可以有效地抑制CaO-SiO2-K2O熔渣向耐火材料内部的渗透,降低耐火材料的侵蚀速度.     

Al2O3-SiC-C质湿式喷射浇注料的研究和应用

以高纯莫来石、碳化硅、SiO2微粉、Al2O3微粉、纯铝酸钙水泥、白刚玉细粉和球沥青等为原料,研究了q值为0.23、0.25、0.27、0.29和0.31时湿式喷射浇注料的流变性能;进一步研究了q值为0.27时,SiC加入量(质量分数分别为12%、15%、18%、21%)对其流变性能、常温物理性能和高温抗折强度、抗热震性能、抗渣侵蚀性能的影响。结果表明:根据Andreassen方程,当q=0.27时,配制的浇注料具有较好的流变性能;加水量为6.5%(w)时,研制浇注料的流变性能类似于宾汉姆流体,适于管道输送;SiC加入质量分数为18%时,浇注料具有较高的高温抗折强度、抗渣侵蚀性能和抗热震性能;经对鱼雷罐和出铁沟的喷补使用证明,研制的湿式喷射浇注料施工性能好,使用性能优异。