非离子型超分散剂对SiO_2分散稳定性的影响

研究了超细 Si O2 胶体在水溶液中吸附非离子型超分散剂 YRC的吸附机理 ,分析了 p H值及超分散剂的浓度对其颗粒表面电位和胶体分散稳定性的影响     

Silica Extraction from Geothermal Solution

Experiments are conducted for silica precipitation from hydrothermal solution by cryogenic technology. For silica precipitated, the physico-chemical characteristics ensuring reduction in process duration and energy expenditures are established.     

Mechanism for the recovery of silicate gangue minerals in the flotation of ultrafine sphalerite

The effect of copper sulphate and sodium isopropyl xanthate on the flotation of a mixed mineral system has been studied at pH 9. The mixed mineral system was composed of colloidal silica and ultrafine sphalerite particles. Batch flotation, zeta potential and rheology have been applied to identify mechanisms by which the silica may misreport to a sphalerite concentrate. The results indicate that, in the absence of both copper sulphate and xanthate, silica was recovered essentially by the entrainment mechanism. However, the addition of copper sulphate and isopropyl xanthate increased particle interactions between silica and sphalerite, promoting aggregation. Consequently, silica may misreport to the concentrate via a combination of both entrainment and aggregation mechanisms. Under the conditions applied in the present study, silica is not likely to be recovered via true flotation, i.e. by attachment of silica particles to bubbles.     

利用低品位红土镍矿制备纳米二氧化硅粉体

以低品位红土镍矿碱式水热过程中产生的硅酸钠滤液为原料,采用化学沉淀法合成纳米二氧化硅粉体.考察了硫酸浓度、熟化温度、熟化时间、搅拌速度、表面活性剂PEG种类对二氧化硅粉体粒径的影响.通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和激光粒度分析仪对制得的二氧化硅的物相、结构、形貌和粒径进行了表征.结果表明,反应的...     

钙硅原料对水热合成纳米硬硅钙石纤维的影响

采用动态水热合成法制备了纳米硬硅钙石纤维,研究了石灰活性和石英粒度对硬硅钙石纤维合成过程的影响规律,同时,采用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）等测试手段对硬硅钙石纤维微观形貌和物相进行分析和表征。结果表明:碳酸钙经1 000 ℃煅烧4 h后获得的石灰活性较高,与23 μm粒径晶质石英粉反应并添加氧氯化锆作为添加剂,可制备纳米级硬硅钙石纤维,纤维直径约为82 nm,体积密度仅为70.4 kg/m3。研究结果可为超轻硬硅钙石纤维的工业化生产提供理论指导。      

SiO2胶体、介孔SiO2对低浓度铀的吸附作用机制研究

分别采用SiO₂胶体和介孔SiO₂(MSP)吸附水溶液中低浓度铀,探讨了溶液初始pH值、吸附时间、固液比等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,当溶液中铀初始浓度为2 mg/L、pH=4时,SiO₂胶体和MSP在7 min达到吸附平衡且对铀的吸附率分别在65%和98%以上;等温吸附拟合结果表明,SiO₂胶体对铀酰离子的吸附并不符合单分子层吸附,MSP则表现出单层覆盖和多层吸附相结合的吸附模式;傅里叶红外光谱分析表明:2种材料主要是靠Si-O-Si、Si-OH基团吸附铀;用0.1 mol/L硝酸可迅速洗脱铀,洗脱效率大于95%。     

紫色玉髓的矿物学特征及其呈色机理研究

紫色玉髓属石英质玉石,为火山热液成矿.由于紫玉髓结构细腻,透明度高,外观更胜天然紫色翡翠,使其深受广大消费者的喜爱.紫玉髓样品来源于印度尼西亚西爪哇岛的Bogor矿区,并选取紫水晶作为参比样品.简要介绍了紫玉髓的成矿条件、原石特征和宝石学特征;并采用多种光谱学的分析方法对紫玉髓进行测试,包括XRF定量分析,Baman和UV-VIS-NIR吸收光谱,研究了其光谱学特征,并得出紫玉髓同样由空穴色心([FeO4/M ] e-)致色;另外,经5组不同温度下的空气中退火试验,研究了紫玉髓的色心稳定性.     

劣质煤矸石酸浸-碱熔-水热合成4A沸石

 以六盘水矿区的高铁高砂煤矸石为主要原料,将其进行酸浸、碱熔预处理和水热合成方法制备出4A沸石,并运用X射线多晶衍射仪与扫描电子显微镜进行过程跟踪,结果表明：采用该劣质煤矸石原料合成的产物为纯净4A沸石,其粒度分布均匀,晶形完好。     

酸性水玻璃在磷矿浮选中的作用

对硅钙(镁)质胶磷矿的浮选试验结果表明酸性水玻璃对被Ca^2、Mg^2 离子活化的硅酸盐矿物有较强的选择性抑制作用。这主要是因为酸性水玻璃的水解产物是抑制活性很强的硅胶体[nSiO2]，同时酸性水玻璃具有酸洗去活作用和消泡作用。     

煤系高岭土水热合成吸附干燥剂NaX分子筛

以煤系高岭土为原料,经煅烧工艺处理,与氢氧化钠溶液水热合成静态饱和吸水量超过32.0%的NaX分子筛。采用单因素条件实验,考察了胶化温度、晶化时间、晶种投加量和碱投加量R对合成NaX分子筛的影响。通过静态水吸附测定、XRD、IR和SEM等测试手段对NaX分子筛晶体生长规律进行了讨论。发现最佳的实验条件为:合成液在65℃下胶化3h,然后在100℃下晶化时间24h,晶种投加量为2%和碱投加量R[n(Na2O)/n(Al2O3)]控制在5.125,此时合成的NaX分子筛的静态饱和吸水量为33.19%。     

水淬含钛高炉渣中硅酸解行为的研究

对水淬含钛高炉渣中硅的酸解行为进行了研究。主要考察了硫酸浓度、反应温度及渣酸比等因素对硅溶解和析出的影响,并对酸浸渣进行了表征。研究表明:采用20%硫酸分解高炉渣时,生成的水合二氧化硅在溶液中具有很高的过饱和稳定性;当酸浓度增至30%时,随着浸出的进行,溶解的硅逐渐析出;而当采用50%硫酸时,硅在整个浸出过程中均不进入溶液。硅的上述溶析行为可能与体系中离子强度的快速变化、生成硫酸钙的水合结晶以及溶液中氢离子的极强的水化能力、催化聚合作用等因素有关。     

Influence of particles on the formation of bubbles from a submerged capillary

This paper will explore the possibility of using colloidal particles as a bubble stabilising agent in froth flotation. Nearly monodisperse 300 nm silica particles were subjected to surface modification through an esterification reaction using a long chain alcohol to create an advancing contact angle of 73.5 °. To study the influence of particles on the growth and departure of a single bubble, experiments were performed with a capillary tube submerged in the hydrophobised silica suspension. A high-speed camera was used to capture the bubbling phenomena in real time. The acquired videos were then analysed to extract the parameters such as bubble size, departure frequency, and growth time through an image-processing software. Experiments were also carried out with MIBC (methyl isobutyl carbinol) and a polyglycol type surfactant (poly(propylene glycol)), PPG) for comparison. The results showed that an increase in the particle concentration resulted in a decrease in mean bubble size produced at the tip of capillary. The same trend was also observed with both frothers.     

辽宁宽甸富玉硅石矿矿床地质特征及开采技术条件分析

富玉硅石矿床位于辽吉古元古代裂谷盆地中,矿体赋存于高家峪岩组变质陆缘碎屑建造中,矿体受榛子沟-宽甸南倾背斜北翼层间断裂控制,矿体呈似层状、透镜状产出,与围岩产状基本一致,倾向207°,倾角平均34°,平均真厚度为3.53 m,矿石平均品位SiO295.25%,Al2O30.60%,Fe2O30.19%,矿石品级以三级品为主,成因类型属于热液型脉石英矿床。矿床开采水文地质、工程地质、环境地质条件简单,为开采技术条件简单矿床。     

不同钛源中孔分子筛Ti-MCM-41的合成、表征及催化氧化性能

在敞开体系中,分别以TiCl3和TiCl4为钛源,工业用水玻璃为硅源,三甲基十六烷基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂、H2SO4为pH值调节剂,合成出了不同钛源不同硅钛摩尔比的中孔分子筛Ti-MCM-41;并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)和孔结构测定对所合成的样品进行了表征;考察了不同钛源不同钛含量对Ti-MCM-41结构和催化氧化性能的影响.结果表明:在本实验的合成条件下,用TiCl3和TiCl4为钛源都能合成出具有六方介孔结构、良好长程有序性和结晶度的中孔分子筛Ti-MCM-41,但要合成高钛含量、高度有序、高水热稳定性和高催化氧化活性的Ti-MCM-41中孔分子筛,不宜以TiCl4为钛源.     

Process mineralogy studies of Corrego do Garimpo REE ore, catalao-I alkaline complex, Goias, Brazil

Corrego do Garimpo is described as a lateritic rare earths (REE) deposit related to hydrothermal alteration of dolomitic carbonatitic rocks. Although the deposit has been known since the sixties, all the previous mineral dressing attempts to concentrate the REE bearing minerals resulted in unsatisfactory outcomes. Process mineralogy studies of bulk and borehole samples were fundamental to understanding the ore's behavior and to the development of an unusual physical concentration process.The ore comprises a medium to very fine-grained soil material with large amounts of secondary (autigenous) minerals. Monazite, the essential REE bearing mineral, occurs as microcrystalline aggregates, sometimes presenting colloidal textures, which are frequently associated with iron oxide—hydroxides and quartz. Since these aggregates are extremely friable, the monazite crystallites are mainly associated with the −20 μm size fraction.These particular characteristics supported the development of an unconventional mineral processing method for monazite based on disaggregation, followed by scrubbing and hydrocyclone classification operations. Three volumetric samples and 27 borehole samples, comprising four ore types, have been studied. The attained final products, −10 μm, were further submitted to leaching tests, simulating chemical processing for the REE sulphuric extraction at low temperature.     

论东乡铜矿含铜胶状黄铁矿矿石的结构构造与选矿

含铜胶状黄铁矿矿石是十分难选的矿石，铜浮选指标很低。本文对这种矿石的结构构造与选矿的关系进行了工艺矿物学研究。这种矿石含有大量的胶状黄铜矿和黄铁矿，导致了矿石硬度降低、磨矿时矿石易过粉碎、矿石易氧化、铜矿物浮游性能降低等，这是东乡铜矿铜选矿指标低的主要原因。文中还对这种胶伏矿石选矿指标进行了预测。     

磁处理对粘土颗粒Zeta电位影响规律的研究

采用对比法研究了磁处理对钻井液中粘土胶粒表面电性的变化规律，研究结果表明，磁处理后粘土胶粒表面Ｚｅｔａ电位提高，为进一步解释磁处理使钻井液粘度，切力降低的作用机理提供了理论依据。     

由膨润土制取氧化铝晶须试验研究

研究了由膨润土制取氧化铝晶须的方法,确定了适宜的工艺路线。通过XRD、SEM、TG等手段对前驱体碱式碳酸铝铵及其煅烧产物氧化铝晶须的结构、成分、形貌进行了分析与表征。结果表明,在较佳酸浸条件下,膨润土中的蒙脱石基本被全部分解,其中的铝等可溶性成分溶于酸中,而硅变成了活性二氧化硅与石英等脉石残留在酸浸渣中;酸浸滤液经高锰酸钾氧化沉铁后,铁含量显著降低,除铁率96%以上;利用水热合成的前驱体碱式碳酸铝铵晶须,经900～1100℃温度煅烧4h后得到不同晶型的氧化铝晶须,其直径在500nm左右,长度约为10μm,长径比为20左右。     

新疆金窝子矿田岩矿石微量元素因子分析

通过因子分析这种常用的多元统计方法来揭示元素之间、样品之间以及与地质作用之间的相互关系,了解其中蕴藏着丰富的成矿信息,为研究成矿物质来源和成矿热液演化提供依据。金窝子矿田岩矿石微量元素R型因子分析结果表明,矿田成矿物质主要来源于地壳深部,岩浆活动与金成矿作用关系密切。成矿物质的富集经历了一个复杂而漫长的过程:岩浆活动使成矿物质活化,岩浆期后岩浆热液的形成使成矿物质初步富集,高温岩浆热液通过渗滤交代作用萃取围岩成矿物质使其进一步富集。岩浆热液演化后期,由于活性和温度降低,逐渐演变为成矿热液,亲铜元素的强烈富集是成矿热液形成的标志。     

利用粉煤灰合成沸石的方法研究

通过分析粉煤灰的矿物组成、化学成分和合成方法,指出水热法制备沸石是最佳的方法,指出现行水热合成法中的一步法和两步法存在的主要问题,提出了提高水热合成效果的措施,为粉煤灰合成高品质沸石提供了借鉴。