铁营养与铁强化酱油

本文介绍了铁对人体健康的影响、铁营养的强化及铁强化酱油。     

铁缺乏症与铁强化酱油

该文介绍了铁缺乏引起的危害以及如何防治,其中食用铁强化酱油是一种事半功倍的有效途径。     

谈谈铁强化酱油

重点叙述酱油的铁营养强化，包括铁营养强化剂、铁强化酱油与普通酱油的区别、生产铁强化酱油的要求等问题，以加强人们对铁营养强化酱油的认识。     

铁强化面粉研究与开发

本文概述了铁作为一种必需的微量元素，在人体生长发育过程中的生理功能。探讨了面粉中强化铁的可行性和必要性，对铁营养强化剂的选择、配方设计原则及强化工艺等技术问题进行了研究论述，介绍了一种多维富铁面粉的产品配方等。     

铁强化豆腐的研制

用含铁盐的得合凝固剂制备铁强化豆腐，铁的含量比普通豆腐有很大提高。在保持豆腐原有的色，香，味的情况下，探索了铁强化豆腐的适宜配比。     

铁营养与铁强化酱油

本文介绍了铁对人体健康的影响、铁营养的强化及铁强化酱油。     

乳铁蛋白和乳铁素的抗菌活性比较

牛乳铁蛋白是从牛乳中提取出来的一种铁结合性糖蛋白，牛乳铁素是从牛乳铁蛋白N-端水解下来的25个氨摹酸残荩。它们具有多种乍物学功能，其中的广谱抗菌性尤为引人注目。本实验以牛初乳中提取的乳铁蛋白及其水解产物乳铁素为研究对象，选取大肠杆菌为实验菌株，进行铁饱和乳铁蛋白和缺铁性乳铁蛋白、乳铁素对大肠杆菌生长抑制的比较研究。研究结果表明：铁饱和乳铁蛋白、缺铁性乳铁蛋白和乳铁索的最小抑菌浓度分别为6mg／ml、3mg／ml和15μg／ml，乳铁素的最小杀菌浓度为30μg／ml。乳铁蛋白水解后，经纯化获得的乳铁素，其抗菌能力较缺铁性乳铁蛋白增加200倍，较铁饱和乳铁蛋白增加400倍。     

添加共沉淀氢氧化铁对牛乳品质的影响

以共沉淀氢氧化铁用于杀菌牛乳中铁的强化,研究共沉淀氢氧化铁的不同添加量对牛乳感官品质的影响及在4℃贮藏过程中理化指标(pH值、TBA值)的变化。结果表明：5.3mg/100g及其以下的铁添加量的样品感官品质较好;添加共沉淀氢氧化铁的样品pH值增大,且铁添加量越多,pH值增加越多;在贮藏期间,各样品pH值变化不大,TBA值呈上升趋势,不同铁添加量的样品TBA值差异不显著;贮藏8d后,铁添加量≤5.3mg/100g的样品液中铁含量达添加量的89%。因此,以共沉淀氢氧化铁作为牛乳铁强化剂可行。     

Development and Evaluation of Iron-fortified Extruded Rice Grains

ABSTRACT: Although rice can be fortified with iron by producing fortified extruded grains, achieving good sensory properties and high iron bioavailability is difficult. Our study aim was to develop iron-fortified rice with comparable sensory characteristics to natural rice using iron compounds of high bioavailability. We tested ferrous sulfate, NaFeEDTA, ferric pyrophosphate of different particle sizes (mean particle sizes: 20 (j,m, 2.5 μm, 0.5 μ-m) and electrolytic iron, as well as encapsulated forms of iron. Extruded rice grains containing 0.5 and 1 g Fe/ 100 g were produced using a single screw extruder and blended, respectively, with natural rice at a 1:100 or 1:200 ratio. Extruded rice grains were evaluated by color measurements and texture profile analysis, and iron loss during rinsing was measured. The sensory comparison between fortified and unfortified rice was performed using triangle tests. Color scores in a similar range to natural rice were obtained using ferric pyrophosphate as an iron fortification compound. The cooked extruded grains had comparable texture to cooked natural grains, and losses during rinsing were <3%. Fortification with all other compounds resulted in strong color changes. In the triangle tests, rice grains fortified with either of the 2 forms of micronized ferric pyrophosphate closely resembled unfortified rice in both uncooked and cooked form. Iron-fortified extruded rice grains with excellent sensory characteristics and potential high bioavailability can be produced using micronized ferric pyrophosphate.     

Sensory Trial to Assess the Acceptability of Zinc Fortificants Added to Iron-fortified Wheat Products

ABSTRACT: We studied the sensory acceptability of products made from iron- and zinc-fortified wheat flour. Subjects tasted bread and noodles fortified with 30 mg of iron as FeSO₄/kg flour or iron and either 60 or 100 mg of zinc/ kg flour as either ZnSO₄ or ZnO. Subjects rated their degree of liking (DOL) for flavor, texture, and overall acceptability, using a 9-point hedonic scale. All products were generally well liked, although noodles fortified with iron and ZnO had slightly lower DOL scores than noodles fortified with iron only or iron and ZnSO₄. We conclude that foods prepared from zinc-fortified wheat flour should be well accepted.     

铁强化酱油的工艺研究

本文就酱油酿造过程中发酵与温度、时间的关系进行了研究。在实验中，重点对铁强化剂的选择、铁强化剂添加量的确定及控制、铁强化剂添加工艺、含铁量测定等进行了研究，并研制出铁强化酱油。结果表明，在酱油中添加180～210mg/100ml的NaFeEDTA，相当于20～30mg/100ml的铁，即在强化食品的允许剂量范围内，不影响制品的色、香、味、体及各项理化指标，包括pH、密度、氨基氮、固形物含量、糖分、总酸，且制品含铁量高，性能稳定，口感好。     

Vitamin Fortification of Fluid Milk

Vitamin concentrates with vitamins A and D are used for fortification of fluid milk. Although many of the degradation components of vitamins A and D have an important role in flavor/fragrance applications, they may also be source(s) of off‐flavor(s) in vitamin fortified milk due to their heat, oxygen, and the light sensitivity. It is very important for the dairy industry to understand how vitamin concentrates can impact flavor and flavor stability of fluid milk. Currently, little research on vitamin degradation products can be found with respect to flavor contributions. In this review, the history, regulations, processing, and storage stability of vitamins in fluid milk are addressed along with some hypotheses for the role of vitamin A and D fortification on flavor and stability of fluid milk.     

Modifications in Disulfide Reactivity of Milk Induced by Different Pasteurization Conditions

The effect of pasteurization and repasteurization on disulfide chemical reactivity of milk proteins was tested after proteolytic digestion. Pasteurization at 75°C, but not at 80°C or repasteurization, resulted in a decrease in disulfide reactivity compared with raw milk. No differences among heated milks were observed in in vitro protein digestibility, electrophoretic behavior or surface hydrophobicity. Whey proteins extracted from milk pasteurized at 75 and 80° had lower solubility, protein digestibility, disulfide reactivity and surface hydrophobicity than those extracted from raw milks. SDS-PAGE and surface hydrophobicity parameters (K_d, F_max) of whey proteins suggested that differences in disulfide reactivity were a consequence of disulfide-mediated selective aggregation of the whey proteins.     

提高儿童强化乳粉及谷类食品质量探讨

分析了我国儿童强化乳粉及谷粉类食品的质量问题及危害，提出了改进措施和办法。     

贮藏期UHT奶中蛋白质组成结构及其糖基化的变化

通过测定UHT奶在贮藏过程中蛋白水解,蛋白在胶束相和乳清相的分布,乳蛋白糖基化位点变化,探究乳蛋白在贮藏过程中性质的变化.结果表明贮藏过程中UHT奶中菌落总数增大,纤溶酶含量增大.UHT奶在内外源酶的作用下乳蛋白发生不同程度的水解.热处理导致从胶束表面脱落的κ-CN和乳清蛋白以热诱导聚合物的形式,在贮藏过程中重新结合到...     

牛奶中微量铁的动力学测定方法研究

在PH:2.5～3.5的含柠檬酸等有机配体的Fe~(3+)-Phen溶液,在一定波长光的照射下,能够定量的生长Fe3+-Phen。据此笔者提出并建立了一种光致催化动力学测定牛奶中微量铁的新方法。实验研究结果表明,该方法具有选择性好及灵敏度高等特点,其测定线性范围为0.1～0.8μg/mL,回收率高达98％以上。