纯棉织物的红刺梨天然染料染色

将红刺梨汁提取物作为天然染料用于纯棉织物染色,研究染色、媒染工艺对染色织物表观颜色深度(K/S值)、染色牢度、染色均匀性的影响。结果表明,采用后媒染工艺,以单宁酸为媒染剂,在90℃、pH值8、氯化钠30 g/L和媒染剂4 g/L条件下,染色织物的K/S值、匀染性、染色牢度和断裂强力等指标均比较满意。     

Dyeing properties of natural dyes extracted from eucalyptus

A natural dye was extracted from Eucalyptus camaldulensis and was used to dye cotton by direct dyeing method at different dyeing conditions. Then, the fastness properties of dyeing with different dyeing techniques were compared.     

The use of response surface method to optimize the extraction of natural dye from winery waste in textile dyeing

Grape pomace, which is a winery waste is studied and experimented to serve as a source of natural dyes that could be utilized in textile dyeing. The present study aims at developing and optimizing an extraction method of natural dye derived from grape pomace in order to dye silk fabrics. The water-acidified ethanol (20–40%) mixture is used mainly for the extraction of anthocyanins at different durations and at different temperatures (20–40 °C) from grape pomace. Effects of these independent variables (percentage of acidified ethanol, temperature, and duration of extraction) and their interactions during the extraction are determined by response surface methodology based on three-level three-factorial Box–Behnken design. Optimized values of percentage of acidified ethanol, temperature, and the duration of extraction for the optimization of monomeric anthocyanins concentration (75 mg L^?1) are found as 40%, 32,7 °C, and 38 h, respectively. The extract has been used for silk fabrics dyeing. The effects of some parameters (temperature, pH, and salt addition) on dyeing silk fabrics have been studied and optimized. The use of tannic acid as a natural mordant to improve the dye fastness proprieties has been investigated.     

Extraction of natural dyes for textile dyeing from coloured plant wastes released from the food and beverage industry

The food and beverage industry releases considerable amounts of wastes which contain natural dyes. Such wastes could serve as a sources for the extraction of natural dyes for textile‐dyeing operations. The extraction of brilliant yellow and red colours from fruits and vegetables is of particular interest. Wastes, e.g. pressed berries, pressed grapes, distillation residues from strong liquor production, and wastes and peels from vegetable processing, have been extracted with boiling water and test dyeings on wool yarn were performed. Colour strength, shade and fastness properties of the dyeings have been tested. The extracts were applied as direct dyes and in the presence of iron(II) or alum mordants. The results prove the potential of such wastes as a source for natural dyestuff extraction. To obtain textile dyeings with acceptable fastness properties, however, rigorous selection of dyes and development of suited processes is required. A considerable number of red natural dyes need further research to optimise the low level of fastness to light. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

活性染料在溢流染色中的应用及质量控制

介绍纯棉织物采用活性染料溢流机染色,对染料选择、浴比、温度、碱剂的选用要求,讨论了前处理、小样仿样、大样生产的工艺条件,分析了影响产品质量的因素,如小样和大样的符样率,后整理如阻燃、涂层整理对色光的影响等.     

改性棉活性染料的染色性能分析

采用阳离子改性剂对棉纤维进行阳离子化改性,通过单因素试验分析得到优化的染色工艺,并比较了采用优化染色工艺、同一颜色不同型号的14种活性染料上染改性棉纤维的染色性能,挑选出最适合此工艺、此改性剂的四种活性染料。并再次用这四种染料对原棉和改性棉进行了染色,并比较其上染率和固色率。     

真丝织物的核桃皮植物染料直接染色

真丝织物用植物染料核桃皮提取液染色,以K/S值为染色效果的评价指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验分析,确定了优化工艺。优化的工艺为:染液pH值2.5～3.0,染料100 mL/L,染色温度100℃,染色时间45 min。真丝织物采用该优化工艺染色,可获得较好的染色鲜艳度和较高的染色牢度,其色光偏红。     

pH示差法测定黑莓残渣中花青素含量的研究

使用1%(W/V)柠檬酸的60%浓度的乙醇溶液为提取剂对黑莓残渣中红色素进行了提取,并用 pH 示差法对黑莓残渣中的花青素含量进行了测定,结果表明每100g 黑莓残渣中花青素含量为27.27mg,黑莓残渣中花青素的这一含量具有开发价值。     

天然染料媒染剂的媒染性及抗菌性

选取木犀草、介壳虫、洋苏木、板栗、茜草和绿茶等六种天然染料对纯棉织物进行染色,分别采用直接法、预媒染、后媒染、同浴媒染等四种染色工艺,探讨了媒染方法、媒染剂种类对天然染料上染棉织物的影响,并对染色织物进行了抗菌性试验。结果发现,媒染剂可以改变染色的色相,提高染料的上染百分率和染色牢度,但对染色织物的抗菌性有不同程度的影响,其中以单宁酸作媒染剂,可使染色织物的抗菌效果明显提高。     

乙醇-水体系的HE型活性染料无盐染色

采用HE型活性染料在乙醇-水体系中对棉织物进行无盐染色,并与常规染色效果进行比较。结果表明:乙醇-水体系中乙醇体积分数达到90%时,染料的上染率和固色率达到最大值;NaOH溶液预处理棉织物和升高染色温度有利于提高固色率,固色率较常规水溶液染色工艺提高了4.5%~43.8%。     

纺织品染色用微生物色素的研究进展

为实现环保染色,以近年来国内外对微生物色素的研究为基础,总结了可应用于纺织品染色的微生物色素。按照染料的三原色（红色、黄色、蓝色）进行分类,叙述了微生物色素的菌种来源、色素结构及性质,重点分析了它们对纺织品的染色性能及染色效果。结果表明：微生物色素可较好地实现对纺织品染色,部分主要色牢度满足服用要求,但染色织物的日晒牢度差已成为亟待解决的问题。微生物色素应用于纺织品染色需要重点加强对培养基的廉价化、色素提取的高效化和优质菌株的筛选等方面的研究。     

活性染料冷染固色碱剂DA-GS 720

将新型冷染固色碱DA-GS 720替代传统的水玻璃+烧碱固色碱,用于活性染料冷轧堆染色中,并测试DA-GS 720质量浓度与pH值的关系,最佳用量,染液稳定性,以及对固色率的影响。结果表明,活性染料冷轧堆染色,采用固色碱剂DA-GS 720染液稳定性和重现性好、固着率高。     

Extraction of dyes from Delphinium Zalil flowers and dyeing silk yarns

Delphinium Zalil from the family Ranunculaceae grows naturally in mountainous area of northeast of Iran. It has beautiful yellow flowers which contain flavonoids. In this study, the flowers of D. Zalil were collected, dried, powdered, and extracted with different solvent systems. Quercetin is identified as the main aglycone responsible for the color in these flowers. The flowers were then used for dyeing silk yarns. The color strength values were used to optimize the dyeing process. Pre-mordanting was proved to increase the dye absorption which may lead to an optimum usage of mordant. This would certainly be of special interest to environmentalists. Dyed silk yarns presented good light fastness compared to Blue Scale.     

棉用活性染料在羊毛染色中应用探讨

通过采用自制EA-2助剂对羊毛进行预处理，用环保型棉用活性染料对羊毛进行染色，以达到改善羊毛的匀染性，提高固着率，降低染色温度的目的。     

纯棉织物的植物靛蓝生态染色

选择葡萄糖作为生态还原剂,研究植物靛蓝染料的还原工艺及对纯棉织物的染色工艺;探讨了改性处理对棉织物靛蓝染色的增深效果,并测试了染色织物的色牢度。试验结果表明,葡萄糖对植物靛蓝的还原工艺为:靛蓝染料10%(omf),葡萄糖用量30 g/L,烧碱用量10 g/L,尿素2 g/L,还原温度55℃,还原时间10 min;植物靛蓝无盐染色的改性前处理工艺为:改性剂用量4 g/L,烧碱用量6 g/L,改性时间30 min,改性温度60℃;植物靛蓝无盐染色工艺为:染色温度20℃,染色时间100 min,染色浴比1∶20。测试数据显示,无盐改性染色织物的ΔE值与同浓度染料加盐染色相当,干、湿摩擦牢度分别为4～5级和3～4级,耐皂洗沾色牢度为4～5级,耐皂洗褪色牢度3～4级。     

棉织物的柞叶植物染料轧染工艺

从柞叶中提取天然染料,研究该染料对Fe2+、Cu2+、Al3+以及对pH值变化的稳定性。以柞树叶染料对棉织物进行轧染试验,探讨了媒染剂种类、用量、焙烘温度和焙烘时间对染色性能的影响。结果表明,柞叶染料对弱酸条件及金属离子具有相对稳定性,对碱性条件较为敏感。柞叶染料对纯棉织物轧染的优化工艺条件为:以硫酸亚铁为媒染剂,后媒法染色,硫酸亚铁15 g/L,135℃焙烘2.5 min。采用此工艺染得的棉织物得色深,皂洗及摩擦牢度均较好。     

HE型活性染料在溶剂水体系中的无盐染色

采用HE型活性染料在乙醇 水体系中对棉织物进行无盐染色,并与常规染色效果进行比较。结果表明：乙醇 水体系中乙醇体积分数达到90%时,染料的上染率和固色率达到最大值;NaOH溶液预处理棉织物和升高染色温度有利于提高固色率,固色率较常规水溶液染色工艺提高了4.5%～43.8%。     

酿酒葡萄皮渣红外干燥研究

对酿酒葡萄皮渣进行红外干燥研究,以期优化葡萄皮渣的干燥工艺,也为其它物料的红外处理干燥提供理论基础。实验对自然晒干、连续红外干燥、间歇红外干燥以及红外对流两步干燥进行研究,对每种干燥方法的干燥特征、灭菌效果以及干燥质量进行比较分析,并且对不同干燥处理的葡萄籽的超微结构进行观察。结果表明,连续红外干燥的干燥速率最高;除自然晒干和IR9min-CD55℃外,所有干燥方法均具有较好的灭菌效果;皮渣的总多酚和原花青素在所有干燥过程中都有一定损失,连续红外干燥对总多酚和原花青素具有较好的保护作用;红外干燥的葡萄籽的组织之间出现较多的孔隙,而自然晒干和对流干燥的葡萄籽组织间没有或有少量的孔隙。综上,连续红外干燥适合酿酒葡萄皮渣的干燥处理,具有高干燥品质。      

茜草色素的染色和拼色

从茜草中提取茜草色素,并采用预媒法染色棉织物.通过正交试验优化了染色工艺,茜草色素与铝和铁离子配合物的预媒染工艺为80 ℃×30 min,pH值9.采用茜草色索和麻栎壳色素两种天然染料拼色时,并以铝离子和铁离子不同配比媒染,染色织物可获得不同的色泽,且拼色织物的色牢度均较好.     

灯芯绒活性染料冷轧堆染色工艺

具体讨论活性染料冷轧堆染色工艺及其工艺条件，如温度、时间和助剂的用量等，提出冷轧堆染色工艺注意事项，确定冷轧堆染色工艺最佳堆置温度(25～30℃)和时间(12h左右)。