Criteria for peer-review of engineering courseware on the NEEDSdatabase

An electronic database of engineering educational courseware, called the National Engineering Education Delivery System (NEEDS), has been developed by the SYNTHESIS Coalition. Engineering courseware is computer-based educational material that can be used to assist engineering students in their learning process and assist instructors in their pedagogy. Courseware on NEEDS, as with any textbook or journal publication, requires review to assure quality. To implement this review, we first examined existing schemes that evaluated courseware and then developed our own. We will implement a peer-review system that results in a three-tiered ranking of courseware on the NEEDS database: nonreviewed material, endorsed courseware, and premier courseware. Endorsed courseware will be peer reviewed to establish that the courseware has correct technical content, is easy to use, and is potentially useful to instructors other than the author. To accomplish this in a straightforward manner, we are going to implement a two-page peer-review form that provides a “gestalt” review of the courseware. To also recognize the exceptionally high quality pieces of courseware that will be on the NEEDS database, we will implement an annual award for “premier” courseware that will require greater documentation of enhanced learning and recommended pedagogical application. We are confident that once a peer-review process is implemented, the NEEDS database will gain credibility as a source of courseware that is complete, technically reliable, and aesthetically appealing     

微型振动式压电发电机的设计与特性分析

为了设计出与应用场合相匹配的微型振动式压电发电机,采用模态分析和谐响应分析方法对压电双晶片发电机的振动特性进行了研究,并分析了压电晶片的长度、宽度、厚度、质量块质量等参数对压电发电机固有频率的影响.在此基础上,基于压电发电机的等效电路模型对发电机的发电特性进行了研究,并分析了压电发电机的上述结构参数对输出电压和功率的影...     

Web-based learning: effects on learning process and outcome

Educators have witnessed lately a proliferation of Web-based learning applications. These Web-learning environments have made learning much more convenient by stretching the spatial and temporal barriers. Their effectiveness, however, remains to be examined. In this research, the authors study the relative effectiveness of two different types of Web-learning environments: distributed passive learning (DPL) versus distributed interactive learning (DEL) environments. In the DPL environment, the Web is only used to deliver linear learning material, such as Word files and PowerPoint slides. In the DIL environment, however, the learning material is in hypertext format, providing the learner with more exploration and interactivity capabilities. The results of an empirical study show that the DIL environment is superior to the DPL environment in terms of both the learning process and the learning outcome.     

Ciclope: FOSS for Developing and Managing Educational Web Laboratories

This paper describes Ciclope, a free software project designed to solve the problem of the lack of practical assignments in technical universities due to scarce resources and to the design of the educational system. Ciclope offers software and content to replicate the educational Web labs that the authors have designed, and whose architecture and work methodology are intended for teachers who want to create new Web labs. The biggest advantages of these kinds of laboratories are that users can work through the Internet as if they were present in the lab, but without space or time restrictions. Furthermore, teachers can have full control of what students do, since all operations are registered in a database which helps them to evaluate the students. Ciclope proposes a modular structure based on software components that are easy to install, configure, and extend according to teachers' needs. So far, various Web labs have been built to carry out practical assignments in astronomy, automatic control, chemistry, image processing, robotics, and real-time operating systems. The software, documentation, and content developed in this project are free, under GNU (a recursive acronym meaning GNU is Not UNIX) licenses, and as in all free projects, the authors welcome all collaboration from the educational community.     

微型纯电动汽车动力系统的设计与研究

以某微型纯电动汽车作为研究对象,在理论计算和工程分析的基础上,对电机、电池及传动系传动比进行参数匹配,并利用AVL cruise仿真软件建立电动汽车的蓄电池、电动机、传动系、车身等仿真模型,对加速性能、最高车速、最大爬坡度和续驶里程等动力性能进行仿真研究,此外还进行制动能量回馈控制系统的仿真分析。仿真结果分析表明,该微型电动汽车动力系统参数匹配合理,可对电动汽车动力系统的研究提供一定的参考,促进电动汽车的发展。     

微水电项目可行性评价指标体系研究

微水电作为小型可再生能源项目逐渐被关注,但其定量可行性评价研究甚少.本文基于层次分析法,建立了由目标层、子目标层、准则层、指标层和指标因子层构成的微水电项目可行性评价递阶层次结构.提出了资源技术可开发性、工程技术可行性、动能指标、被替代能源节约、温室气体减少等17个量化指标,既反映了微水电开发利用的特点,又体现了微水电对社会发展和生态环境的作用.以29个易于获取和量化的指标因子对指标赋值,解决了定性指标的量化问题.通过工程实例和敏感性分析验证了所建指标体系的合理性,为微水电开发利用决策提供参考.     

发展中求生存管理中创效益——山东电建二公司经理王令方二三事

山东,济南,二公司基地.碧绿的草地,乳白色的宿舍,烘托着雄伟的办公主楼,一切显得宁静而又有生气.走进公司的荣誉馆,映入眼帘的是3座鲁班奖奖杯和数不清的优质奖、银质奖、精神文明奖等五光十色的奖牌.我们的脑海里顿时浮现出热火朝天的工地、艰苦卓绝的劳动和带领数千职工指挥若定的领导班子.驱车直赴济宁,下工地,访职工,王令方--二公司经理的形象逐渐清晰地呈现在我们的面前.     

The promise of computer-based learning: designing for inclusivity

Computer based models of teaching and learning are receiving renewed attention in the post-secondary sector. In the province of Alberta, Canada, over $40000000 (Canadian) has been made available to the adult learning system under the Learning Enhancement Envelope (LEE) funding initiative, for alternative models of instruction and learner support. Technology will allow us to reach new learners, in new learning contexts, and potentially in new ways. Yet the new technologies in education may exacerbate the marginalization of some students if we do not attend to learning styles, learning designs, and access issues that are entangled with gender inequality. Technology and technology based models of teaching and learning, are not value-neutral; and neither are the vocabulary and prevailing metaphors which can exclude women or include them in undesirable ways. How can women negotiate and transform a world of instructional technology that is, in effect, premised on their absence? Can new learning technologies and new learning designs support new teaching and learning opportunities? The author thinks they can, and in ways that creatively promote inclusivity through representation and design, by: 1) allowing for alternative representations to support diverse learning styles; 2) including large databases of resources, inviting the inclusion of experiences of women and other marginalized groups, and supporting the interrelatedness of perspectives; 3) supporting relational ways of knowing and being in the world; 4) inviting the instructional designer to step outside linear, objectivist, traditional models of instruction to create environments reflecting knowledge that is both intuitive and rational     

Design, development, and assessment of mobile applications: the case for problem-based learning

This paper describes efforts to develop a pedagogical environment that seeks to influence the learning experiences of students as mobile applications end users, developers, and decision makers. Specifically, via a collaborative effort involving industry sponsors, university technology services, and multiple academic units engaged in information technology education, a graduate-level course called Mobile Applications Development (MAD) was created. The core innovativeness of MAD lies in its delivery structure as a problem-based learning course-centered on emerging technologies like mobile technology-that brings together students with diverse backgrounds from different academic units across the campus. MAD culminates in an industry-sponsored competition, where student teams present their mobile solution to a panel of expert judges from industry and higher education. Via MAD and the associated competitions, students, faculty, and institutional partners can explore the opportunities and challenges associated with mobile technologies. This paper discusses how problem-based learning principles guided the design and implementation of MAD. A multiperspective assessment of the success of MAD is offered. Finally, key lessons learned and guidance to assist other educators are also offered.     

发展超临界机组以降低煤耗

提高蒸汽参数、改善厂效率的过程中,某些流通部分的改进起着重要的作用,但提高厂效率还应考虑材料和单位造价的问题。本文主要阐述它们的关系并举例说明。     

KIRCHHOFF: an educational software for learning the basicprinciples and methodology in electrical circuits modeling

An interactive courseware package designed to be used as an auxiliary instructional tool by lower division students is described. The pedagogical goal of KIRCHHOFF is to foster mastery of basic methodological skills in the study of lumped electrical circuits. For a given circuit layout, proposed by the teacher, this is verified when the circuit has been systematically labeled and when a correct, complete and nonredundant set of algebraic and integro-differential equations has been written down by the student. KIRCHHOFF, a symbolic exercising tool, provides graphic guidance in such a process and, when needed, gives the learner suitable corrective explanations     

北京城市夜景照明工作的推进与对策

本文针对北京城市夜景照明工作的现状,明确提出了下一步工作的发展思路,提出了加强北京城市夜景照明的规范化、科学化、艺术化和社会化的工作对策。     

Erosion wear of the blades of wet-steam turbine stages: Present state of the problem and methods for solving it

The results obtained from studies of metal erosion processes are analyzed and generalized, which made it possible to establish the main regularities relating to surface destruction of blade materials under the effect of droplet impingement and determine how the size of liquid droplets and velocity at which they collide with the surface affects the rate of erosion wear for almost all blade materials. Development of efficient technologies for strengthening the surface layer and applying universal durable coatings is the most promising line of activities aimed at making blade materials more resistant to erosion wear.     

A frequency and duration approach for generation reliabilityevaluation using the method of stages

A frequency and duration approach for generation reliability evaluation using the method of stages is presented. Two separate expressions are provided, one for the loss of load expectation (LOLE) and the other for the loss of load frequency (LOLF). Explicit relationships for determining the parameters of these expressions from the generation system data are derived. Several studies to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach are also reported     

Control valves and cascades for the first stages of turbines with ultrasupercritical steam parameters

This paper considers the problems that will unavoidably be encountered in the creation of new-generation turbines operated at ultrasupercritical initial steam parameters, namely, the development of new control and shutoff valves, the reduction of end energy losses in blade cascades and steam leaks in high-pressure cylinders (HPCs), the elimination of effect produced by regenerative steam bleedoffs on the afterextraction stage, the cooling of a blade cascade, etc. Some possible solutions are given for the two first of the listed problems. The conclusion about the need for the transition to new-generation control valves in the development of new advanced steam turbines with ultrasupercritical initial steam parameters has been made. From the viewpoint of their design, the considered new-generation valves differ from the known contemporary constructions by a shaped axially symmetric confusor channel and perforated zones on the streamlined spool surface and the inlet diffuser saddle part. The analysis of the vibration behavior of new-generation valves has demonstrated a decrease in the dynamic loads acting on their stems. To reduce the end energy losses in nozzle or blade cascades with small aspect ratios, it is proposed to use finned shrouds in the interblade channels. The cross section of fins has a triangular profile, and their height must be comparable with the thickness of the boundary layer in the outlet cross section of a cascade and, provisionally, be smaller than 8% of the cascade chord.     

Basic stages of the history of electrical engineering and possible prospects for its development

The basic stages of the history of electrical engineering are considered. Characteristic stages of centenary cycles of study in electrical engineering from 1620, 1720, and 1820 are analyzed. The contribution of scientific physicists and electrical engineers to electrostatics and electrodynamics formation are presented. A forecast of the next peak of inventions in electrical engineering, which will occur in 2020 in microdynamics (quantum physics), is given.