Induction heating of electrically conductive porous asphalt concrete

In this research, an electrically conductive porous asphalt concrete, used for induction heating, was prepared by adding electrically conductive filler (steel fibers and steel wool) to the mixture. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the electrical conductivity and the indirect tensile strength of this conductive porous asphalt concrete and prove that it can be heated via induction heating. It was found that, to make porous asphalt concrete electrically conductive, long steel wool with small diameter is better than short steel fibers with bigger diameter. However, steel fibers with short length and big diameter have better strength reinforcement capability than steel wool with long length and small diameter. It was also proved that conductive porous asphalt concrete containing steel wool can be easily heated via induction heating. Finally, 10% (by volume of bitumen) of steel wool type 000 was proposed as an optimal content in porous asphalt concrete to obtain an optimal conductivity, a good induction heating rate and an acceptable indirect tensile strength. It is expected that the autogenous healing capacity of asphalt concrete will be enhanced with the increase of temperature during induction heating.     

Fatigue of asphalt binder,mastic and mixture at low temperature

The fatigue damage is one of the most common distresses observed on the asphalt concrete pavement. To thoroughly understand the fatigue of asphalt concrete, the behaviors of the major components of asphalt concrete under cyclic loading are investigated respectively in this study. A new experiment method is developed to evaluate the performances of asphalt binder, mastic and fine aggregates mixture under cyclic tensile loading. The fatigue test results of asphalt binder show that the fatigue performance of asphalt binder is closely related with loading magnitude, temperature and loading rate. Mastic specimens with different filler content are tested and the results indicate that mastic specimens with 30% filler content show better fatigue resistance and higher permanent strain. The micro-structure analysis of mastic and mixture indicates that the fatigue resistance is closely related with the air void content of specimen. 3D digital specimens are developed to model the fatigue of the asphalt binder, mastic and mixture specimens based on the finite element method (FEM). Fatigue damage of asphalt concrete is simplified by a damage model. With proper selection of damage parameters, the simulation results agree well with laboratory test results and can be used as a basis for future fatigue research.     

Composition and reaction mechanism of cement–asphalt mastic

In order to improve the performance of asphalt concrete under heavy traffic, cement as reinforcement is used to mix with emulsified asphalt in asphalt mastic. But cement and emulsified asphalt is hard to mix well. Thus, F-type superplasticizer (FSP) as the isolation layer outside the micelles in cationic emulsified asphalt (CEA) is used in cement asphalt mastic (CAM). Emulsified asphalt and cement can mix effectively without the generation of any viscosity by demulsification. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) is added to improve and restrain settlement and stratification of the mixed mastic. This study is to investigate the effects and reaction mechanisms associated with mixing FSP and CMC-Na into cement–asphalt mastic.     

考虑钢渣表面特征的沥青混凝土水稳定性改善研究

钢渣经过水洗和陈化处理后可作为粗集料铺筑沥青路面。但钢渣表面有杂质粉尘包裹,高压水洗难以去除,陈化后钢渣表面依然对沥青混凝土水稳定性有显著影响。为促进钢渣在工程中应用,本研究以生产线大批量制备的工程用钢渣集料为研究对象,采用SBS改性沥青及硅酸盐水泥填料调整沥青胶浆的组成来增强钢渣与沥青胶浆的粘附,改善钢渣沥青混凝土的水稳定性。首先采用XRD对钢渣及钢渣表面矿物相成分分析,从理论上验证改善方案的可行性;然后对沥青胶浆包裹的钢渣集料进行水煮试验,分析改善措施对粘附性的提升效果;最后对钢渣沥青混凝土进行冻融劈裂试验和浸水马歇尔试验,确定其水稳定性变化。结果表明,改善措施能使水稳定性能得到改善,建议SBS改性沥青和硅酸盐水泥复合使用。     

Experimental investigation on related properties of asphalt mastic containing recycled red brick powder

Some properties of asphalt mastic containing recycled red brick powder (RBP) were investigated in this paper. RBP was used as filler in asphalt mastic. The investigated mastic consisted of asphalt and filler at a mass ratio of 1:1. Penetration, softening point and high-temperature viscosity were tested. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) was used to conduct frequency sweep test of asphalt mastic. The introduction of RBP resulted in reduced penetration, increased softening point, apparent activation energy, complex shear modulus in the low frequency area and high-temperature viscosity. It indicates that RBP may have some positive effect on high-temperature properties but some negative effect on low-temperature properties of asphalt mastic. It is also believed that the average compacting temperature of asphalt mixture containing RBP is 6.5 °C higher than that containing limestone mineral filler (LMF).     

休息期和聚合物改性剂对疲劳寿命的影响

研究了在相对低温时均匀分散的填料对沥青结合料和沥青混凝土混合料复原的影响,通过对两种级配明显不同的磨碎石灰石作为填料组成的结合料系统进行研究,得出了填料颗粒尺寸对沥青玛脂复原的影响.     

Electrical conductivity of asphalt mortar containing conductive fibers and fillers

The objective of this research is to examine the conductivity of asphalt mortar through the addition of electrically conductive fillers and fibers: graphite and steel wool, and prove that this material can be heated with induction energy. The effect of fibers content, sand–bitumen ratio and the combination of fillers and fibers on the resistivity of asphalt mortar was investigated. It was found that the percolation threshold happened sooner by adding electrically conductive fibers than by adding fillers. Percolation threshold was also found to be function of the sand–bitumen ratio and of the volume of fibers content. There is an optimum content of fibers for each sand–bitumen ratio, above which it is difficult to make the mixture and the electrical resistivity increases exponentially. Besides, in case of adding conductive fillers or a mixture of conductive fibers and fillers to the mastic, once the maximum conductivity is reached, it remains constant, independently of the volume of conductive filler added. Nano CT-scan (computed axial tomography) reconstructions were also used to visualize the fibers connected inside the mixture. Finally, to validate the research, three different samples were induction heated and their temperature variation was measured.     

The effects of asphalt binder and granular material characteristics on foamed asphalt mix strength

This paper systematically studies the effects of asphalt foam characteristics and pulverized asphalt pavement (PAP) material attributes on foamed asphalt mix strength. A fracture face image analysis procedure was employed to quantify asphalt dispersion, which was key to establishing the relationships between material microstructural features and measured strengths. Foamability of asphalts was found to be one of the primary factors determining foamed asphalt mix quality. Foams with higher expansion ratios and longer half-life have better dispersion through granular materials, resulting in greater strength improvement. High fines contents in the PAP materials negatively affect mix strength by producing a continuous and weak unbonded mineral filler phase. The microstructural analysis found that typically unquantified physical, chemical and/or mineralogical characteristics of the PAP materials significantly affect asphalt dispersion quality and mastic strength. Therefore, the suitability of PAP materials and available binders for foamed asphalt stabilization should be evaluated for each individual project.     

二元复合微波增强沥青混凝土加热效率仿真与试验研究

微波加热是沥青混凝土路面的一种新型绿色养护技术,但目前微波吸收效率低下与沥青混凝土导热能力差是阻碍其推广应用的关键.基于阻抗匹配理论,考虑到掺加单一微波增强剂的局限性,提出一种改进的二元电磁复合型微波增强剂;将SiC和Fe3O4二元复合作为微波增强剂,采用矢量网络分析仪对微波增强剂样品的电磁参数进行测量.考虑到实验室缺...     

Analysis of fatigue crack growth behavior in asphalt concrete material in wearing course

Fatigue crack is a main form of structural damage in flexible pavements. Under the action of repeated vehicular loading, deterioration of the asphalt concrete materials in pavements, caused by the accumulation and growth of micro and macro cracks, gradually takes place. The indirect tensile fatigue testing (ITFT) was carried out on three types of asphalt concrete materials comprising a high stiffness Gilsonite modified wearing course (GM-ACWC), stone mastic asphalt (SMA) and conventional asphalt concrete wearing course (ACWC) to establish fatigue damage model and failure criteria. Fatigue damage model, based on continuum damage approach, to describe the formation of micro-cracks and crack propagation was developed for the wearing course materials. With the fatigue damage model, finite element analysis was carried out to study the crack resisting performance of the three wearing course materials in a flexible pavement structure.     

道路沥青材料动力性质的关系

为研究沥青、沥青胶浆和沥青混合料等沥青材料的动力性质及其相关性,采用动态剪切流变仪(dynamic shear rheometer,DSR)对沥青和沥青胶浆进行试验,分析了两者动力性质的关系,建立了沥青胶浆复数模量与沥青复数模量、粉胶比的多元关系式;采用沥青混合料性能试验机(asphalt mixture performance tester,AMPT)对5种类型的沥青混合料进行动态模量试验,研究分析了沥青材料在同频率(或加载时间)和温度条件下模量与相位角的关系.结果表明:沥青混合料的模量和相位角可以通过沥青和沥青胶浆的模量和相位角来表示,且这种关系与频率(或加载时间)、温度无关.在此基础上建立了沥青、沥青胶浆和沥青混合料三者的模量与相位角的关系表达式.     

沥青玛（王帝）脂碎石摊铺和碾压工程中的质量控制

针对沥青玛（王帝）脂碎石路面在工程中的广泛应用,结合具体工程实例,阐述了SMA-16沥青玛脂碎石面层摊铺和碾压工程中的质量控制措施,以完善沥青玛（王帝）脂碎石路面施工工艺,从而确保道路工程质量。     

沥青路面多尺度结构的荷载响应分析

为了从材料细观结构角度研究沥青路面结构的荷载响应,采用离散元方法,建立了柔性基层沥青路面典型结构模型,并进行了竖向荷载作用下沥青混凝土层应力和应变的计算,通过与经典路面响应程序计算结果的比较,验证了路面结构离散元模型和离散元计算方法的正确性.以验证过的路面结构模型为基础,采用较小的细观尺度描述了沥青混凝土结构层底部位置处粗集料、沥青砂浆和空隙的分布和体积大小,从而建立了路面结构的多尺度模型,并计算了荷载作用下多尺度模型的响应.结果表明,荷载引起的路面结构应力和应变在沥青混凝土内呈现显著的不均匀分布特征;粗集料与砂浆接触处的应力明显高于沥青砂浆内部的应力,两者的比值随着沥青砂浆模量的降低而增大;考虑材料细观结构后,粗集料与砂浆接触处的荷载响应明显高于宏观路面结构响应,而沥青砂浆内部的荷载应力小于不考虑细观结构时的宏观路面结构应力.     

Influence of aluminate coupling agent on low-temperature rheological performance of asphalt mastic

In order to improve the low-temperature rheological performance (LTRP) of asphalt mastic, aluminate coupling agent (ACA) and stearic acid synergist (SAS) were employed in this research. Three factors, which are the ratio of filler to asphalt (F/A), the dosage of ACA (percentage by weight of mineral filler) and the mass ratio between ACA and SAS, were considered, and the testing program is arranged by an orthogonal experimental design method. The effect of the three factors on LTRP of asphalt mastic was firstly investigated by changes of creep stiffness S, creep rate m-value and S/m at different low temperatures, then by the variations of dissipation energy ratio (DER). Analysis of Burgers model parameters is also conducted. The test results show that, comparing with unmodified asphalt mastic, the asphalt mastic modified with ACA (by means of SAS) is observably improved in LTRP and the improved effect at the ratio of 1.0 (Mineral filler to asphalt), the dosage of aluminate coupling agent being 1.5% by weight of mineral filler and the mass ratio between ACA and SAS being 2:1.0 is ideal.     

沥青混凝土非均质性对其蠕变行为的影响

为研究非均质性对沥青混凝土蠕变行为的影响,对沥青混凝土单轴蠕变试验进行了三维离散元模拟.生成了包含粗集料、沥青砂浆及空隙在内的沥青混凝土三维离散元数字试件,对数字试件微观组成材料之间的接触赋予了相应的微观接触模型,并通过室内试验对此模型进行了验证.在此基础上,假定粗集料刚度和沥青砂浆微观黏弹性参数服从Weibull分布,研究了粗集料和沥青砂浆的非均质性对沥青混凝土蠕变行为的影响.结果表明:随着粗集料和沥青砂浆均质度的增大,沥青混凝土的蠕变应变呈减小趋势,且随粗集料均质度增大而减小的幅度较沥青砂浆显著;粗集料刚度分布均匀时沥青混凝土的蠕变应变比粗集料均质度较低(均质度m=1.0)时减小49%.在沥青混凝土材料的选择中应更为重视粗集料的均质性.     

Three dimensional distribution of the mastic in asphalt composites

The microstructure of the fine aggregate matrix has a significant influence on the mechanical properties and evolution of damage in an asphalt mixture. This paper presents the findings from a study conducted to identify a quantitative method to characterize the three-dimensional microstructure of the matrix in an asphalt mixture. The influence of binder content, coarse aggregate gradation, and fine aggregate gradation on the microstructure of the matrix was also investigated. Results indicate that for a given aggregate type, binder content and aggregate gradation influence the degree of anisotropy whereas gradation of the coarse aggregate has the most influence on the direction of anisotropy of the asphalt mastic. Addition of asphalt binder or adjustments to the fine aggregate gradation also resulted in a more uniform spatial distribution of the asphalt mastic.     

沥青耐久性和沥青混凝土路面耐久性的关系

针对沥青耐久性和沥青混凝土路面耐久性的关系进行了研究,分别论述了沥青路面和沥青耐久性的影响因素,提出了改善沥青混凝土路面耐久性的措施,以延长沥青路面使用寿命。     

浅议钢桥面铺装的类型与技术

对浇筑式沥青混凝土、碾压式沥青玛脂混凝土、改性沥青SMA混凝土、环氧树脂沥青混凝土等国内外常用的桥面铺装类型与技术进行了介绍,并对其优缺点进行了阐述,提出了进一步研究工作的设想。     

Evaluation of moisture susceptibility of porous asphalt concrete using water submersion fatigue tests

Porous asphalt concrete due to its open structure is exposed to water and therefore susceptible to water damage. Effect of water, temperature and frequency on mechanical properties of porous asphalt concrete was investigated. An innovative test method developed in Switzerland is used to mechanically test 150 mm diameter cylindrical cores from eight materials in dry state and while being submerged under water. Although the conventional indirect tensile strength ratio delivers useful data about the water sensitivity of porous asphalt specimen, the coaxial shear test provides vital information about the development of fatigue damage in the material. Application of coaxial shear test (CAST) for a twin lay porous asphalt as well as conventional porous asphalt shows a reduction in complex modulus due to fatigue loading after each thermal cycle and due to detrimental effects of water submersion. Moisture susceptibility results using CAST reflected the field inspections of surface degradation. In addition, investigation of the microstructure has given insight into the mechanical behavior of selected materials.     

沥青拌合楼加热控制系统的改进

针对沥青拌合楼石料加热控制过程中存在的缺点,提出了拌合楼石料加热控制过程的改进措施,从而保证了沥青混凝土的质量,提高了经济效益,保证了工程质量和工程工期。