Combining GA and iterative MVDR for DOA estimation in space-time CDMA systems

This paper deals with direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) approach based on iterative searching technique for space-time code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems. It has been shown that the iterative searching technique is more likely to converge to a local maximum, causing errors in DOA estimation. In conjunction with a genetic algorithm for selecting initial search angle, an efficient approach is presented to achieve the advantages of iterative DOA estimation with fast convergence and less computational load over existing conventional spectral searching MVDR estimator. Simulation results are provided for illustrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Combining GA and iterative searching DOA estimation for CDMA signals

This paper deals with direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation based on iterative searching technique for code-division multiple access signals. It has been shown that the iterative searching technique is more likely to converge to a local maximum, causing errors in DOA estimation. In conjunction with a genetic algorithm for selecting initial search angle, we present an efficient approach to achieve the advantages of iterative DOA estimation with fast convergence and more accuracy estimate over existing conventional spectral searching methods. Finally, several computer simulation examples are provided for illustration and comparison.     

An iterative approach for sparse direction-of-arrival estimation in co-prime arrays with off-grid targets

This paper addresses the problem of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation by exploiting the sparsity enforced recovery technique for co-prime arrays, which can increase the degrees of freedom. To apply the sparsity based technique, the discretization of the potential DOA range is required and every target must fall on the predefined grid. Off-grid target can highly deteriorate the recovery performance. To the end, this paper takes the off-grid DOAs into account and reformulates the sparse recovery problem with unknown grid offset vector. By introducing a convex function majorizing the given objective function, an iterative approach is developed to gradually amend the offset vector to achieve final DOA estimation. Numerical simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of detection ability, resolution ability and root mean squared estimation error, as compared to the other state-of-the-art methods.     

基于实数遗传算法的波达方向最大似然估计算法

对空间多个窄带信号源的高分辨波达方向估计是雷达,块纳和地震等信号处理中的重要问题之一,为克服一些获取波达方向估计最大似然解算法存在的局部极值问题,提高估计精度,本文以作者提出的实数遗传算法为搜索工具,寻求波达方向最大似然估计的非线性全局最优解,所提出的实数遗传算法由含实数域结构和目标函数信息的实数交叉和变异算子构成,是较理想的获取非线性实变量函数全局最优解的方法,对非相参和全相参信源波达方向估计问题的数字仿真结果表明,本方法的估计精度明显优于交替极值等一些常规方法。     

基于主分量分析的宽带DOA估计自聚焦算法

提出了一种基于主分量分析(PCA)的CSM类宽带DOA估计自聚焦算法,利用子空间投影变换将信号分离后应用PCA算法快速估计信号DOA,通过不断更新聚焦方向实现自聚焦.与已有算法相比,该算法不受DOA初始值的影响,有更好的聚焦精度.聚焦矩阵更新过程中无需再做奇异值分解,用PCA迭代算法替代特征分解过程,计算量小.仿真实验结果表明,该算法以较小的计算代价实现了较好的估计精度.     

MIMO阵列中基于PM和降维变换的高效DOA估计算法

在这篇论文中,我们讨论MIMO阵列中的高效DOA估计方法。由于PM算法不需要对互相关矩阵进行特征值分解,也不需要对接收的数据进行奇异值分解,因此它的计算量可以显著的变小。因此MIMO阵列中基于PM算法和降维变换的DOA估计方法被提出了,而且这种提出的算法比PM算法有更低的计算复杂度。这种算法在没有频谱搜索的情况下效果很好。此外,它比PM算法的角度估计性能稍好。DOA估计中的估计误差的方差和克拉美罗界也可以导出。仿真结果验证了提出的算法的有效性。     

Joint direction of arrival estimation and array calibration for coprime MIMO radar

Compared to large-scale MIMO radar, coprime MIMO radar can achieve approximate estimation performance with reduced antenna number. In this paper, joint direction of arrival (DOA) estimation and array calibration for coprime multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is considered, and an iterative method for the estimations of DOA and array gain-phase errors is proposed. Based on the received data structure of coprime MIMO radar, trilinear decomposition is firstly adopted to obtain the estimations of transmit and receive direction matrices, which are perturbated by the gain-phase errors. Through equation transformation, the un-perturbated direction matrices and gain-phase errors can be iteratively updated based on Least squares (LS). Finally, the unique DOA estimation is determined from the intersection of transmit and receive direction matrices. The proposed algorithm achieves better DOA estimation and array calibration performance than other methods including estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT)-like algorithm, multiple signal classification (MUSIC)-like algorithm and joint angle and array gain-phase error estimation (JAAGE) method, and it performs close to the method with ideal arrays. Multiple simulation results verify the algorithmic effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Two-step reliability test based unitary root-MUSIC for direction-of-arrival estimation

A two-step reliability test (TSRT) based unitary root-MUSIC algorithm for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is proposed in this paper. We combine the conventional beamforming and unitary root-MUSIC to compute the DOA estimates and employ the pseudo-noise resampling (PR) technique to construct a DOA estimator bank. Unlike the standard reliability test, we devise the TSRT which retains the successful DOA estimates of a given DOA estimator separately to construct a DOA estimate set that is used to determine the final DOA estimates. Compared to the existing PR based DOA estimation methods, our solution can achieve better threshold performance by using fewer PR runs. Furthermore, the TSRT can be easily applied to other DOA estimation methods. Simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

VisualDSP中多目标定位算法仿真研究

多目标方位估计(DOA)是水下进行目标探测的关键技术。高分辨目标DOA算法具有良好的工程应用前景。在水下多目标DOA的多处理器硬件平台上,实现了基于特征分解的多种高分辨DOA算法,并用水池实验数据进行了仿真研究,对算法的运算时间和方位估计的性能进行了分析。实验结果表明,系统能够实时完成高分辨DOA算法,波束域方法比阵元域方法性能优越,具有良好的方位估计性能和实时处理能力,满足了工程技术要求。     

基于稀疏表示和约束优化的波达方向估计方法

对于噪声环境中信号源的波达方向(DOA)估计,传统的多信号分类(MUSIC)算法只对不相干信号有效,且所需较多样本。针对此问题,将进行DOA估计的搜索范围看作冗余字典,从而待估计的DOA成为该冗余字典中的某些元素,可以由冗余字典对其进行稀疏表示;其次,利用单次快拍数据,应用二阶锥(SOC)约束优化的方法对该稀疏表示问题进行描述,并进而转化为标准的二阶锥形式,采用有效的优化工具SeDuMi来实现DOA的估计。仿真结果表明,与现有的子空间方法相比,该方法只需单拍数据即可得到较好的估计结果,且无需对信源个数有先验知识,同时适用于相干和非相干信号。     

Exploiting AML algorithm for multiple acoustic source 2D and 3D DOA estimations

The approximate maximum likelihood (AML) algorithm shows promises for joint estimations of acoustic source spectrum and direction-of-arrival (DOA). For the multisource case, the AML algorithm remains feasible as one considers an alternating projection procedure based on sequential iterative search on single source parameters. In order to perform multisource beamforming operations, earlier, we used a two-dimensional (2D) sensor array with 2D AML to obtain the DOA estimations for sources in the far field of t...     

基于广义相位平滑的矢量阵列波达方向估计

研究如何利用信号的非圆性提高声矢量阵列信号波达方向(Directon of arrival,DOA)估计的精度.提出通过广义相位平滑预处理提高多重信号分类(Multiple signal classification,MUSIC)DOA估计方法特征子空间对数据协方差矩阵扰动的鲁棒性.该法适用于任意中心对称声矢量阵列,且无需子阵划分,不存在孔径损失,并可完成两个多径信号的解相干.仿真结果表明,广义相位平滑处理可明显改善恶劣条件下(低信噪比,小快拍教)基于MUSIC的非圆信号DOA估计精度.     

Block rank sparsity-aware DOA estimation with large-scale arrays in the presence of unknown mutual coupling

With the development of massive multiple-input mutiple-output (MIMO) technique, high-resolution direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation has attracted great attention. A novel sparse signal reconstruction method based on the inherent block rank sparsity of the sub-matrix is proposed for high resolution DOA estimation with large-scale arrays under the condition of unknown mutual coupling. In the proposed method, by taking advantage of the banded symmetric Toeplitz structure of the mutual coupling matrix (MCM), a novel block representation model is firstly formulated by parameterizing the steering vector. Then, exploiting the inherent block sparsity characteristics of the sub-matrix, a reweighted nuclear norm minimization algorithm is proposed to reconstruct the sparse matrix, in which the weighted matrix is designed by using the spectrum of MUSIC-Like algorithm. Finally, the DOAs are achieved by searching the non-zeros blocks of the recovered matrix. The proposed method not only makes full use of the block rank sparsity characteristics of the sub-matrix and weighted matrix for enhancing the sparse solution, but also avoids the array aperture loss. Thus, the proposed method has superior estimation performance than the state-of-the-art algorithms under the condition of unknown mutual coupling. Especially, in the case of large-scale antennas, the advantage of the proposed method is more obvious. Some computer simulation results are performed to verify the advantage of our proposed method.     

An IDFT approach for coprime array direction-of-arrival estimation

In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, efficiently estimating both the direction-of-arrival (DOA) and the source power with an increased number of degrees-of-freedoms (DOFs) is important but challenging. Aiming at this, we introduce the framework of coprime array signal processing into massive MIMO system and propose an efficient inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT)-based DOA estimation algorithm in this paper. By implementing IDFT on the second-order virtual array signals characterized by the equivalent spatial frequency, it is proved that the resulting spatial response enables to effectively estimate both DOA and source power with an increased number of DOFs. Meanwhile, the window method and the zero-padding technique are sequentially considered to alleviate the spectral leakage phenomenon and improve the DOA estimation accuracy. Compared with the existing coprime array DOA estimation algorithms, the implementation of IDFT indicates a remarkably reduced computational complexity as well as the hardware overhead. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

基于均匀圆阵的互耦误差校正算法研究

阵元之间的互耦效应严重影响了DOA的估计性能。基于均匀圆阵,提出了一种互耦条件下的波达方向估计和互耦误差自校正算法。利用带状循环矩阵的特性对均匀圆阵的互耦误差建立数学模型,再利用MUSIC算法和迭代法对互耦误差矩阵和波达方向同时进行估计,自校正方法无需任何辅助阵元即可实现两类参数的估计。仿真实验表明,算法很好地解决了均匀圆阵的互耦问题,能够比较准确地估计出波达方向角和互耦误差值。     

基于概率估计的舰载DOA无源定位的仿真

在方位测量定位原理的基础上,提出了一种利用概率谱来估计目标位置的方法.该方法利用初始DOA测量数据建立扇形网格,在随后的各个测量点对已有网格进行加权,最后对生成的网格进行概率最大搜索,估计目标位置.采用这种方法既能保持低的运算量,以较快的速度实现目标估计,同时又具有较高的目标检测性能.建立了该方法的数学模型,给出了具体情况下的定位误差与测量点个数、目标位置、斜距、测角精度以及平台速度之间的关系.通过计算机仿真,分析了实际应用的可行性,并就提高定位精度的方法进行了讨论.     

Design of Nonuniform Linear Antenna Array Geometry and Signal Processing Algorithm for DOA Estimation of Gaussian Sources

Abramovich, Yuri I., and Spencer, Nicholas K., Design of Nonuniform Linear Antenna Array Geometry and Signal Processing Algorithm for DOA Estimation of Gaussian Sources, Digital Signal Processing10 (2000), 340–354.This paper discusses the problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for Gaussian sources that have arbitrary correlation: from independent to fully correlated. For independent sources, the antenna array design is governed by two competing considerations: maximum aperture, which inclines toward increasing sparsity for a given number of array sensors, and identifiability, which tends to exclude extreme sparsity. For fully correlated sources, these two competing criteria are augmented by a third which allows for the initialization of DOA estimation by the generalized spatial smoothing (GSS) technique. The maximum number of fully correlated sources is in turn an important factor in the GSS algorithm and subsequent array geometry design. We present a geometry optimization technique that permits accurate DOA estimation of arbitrarily correlated sources.     

模拟退火遗传算法在DOA估计技术中的应用

将模拟退火思想融入到遗传算法中,形成了另一种优化算法,即模拟退火遗传算法,将其应用于加权子空间（WSF）算法的目标方位（DOA）估计技术中,以求降低WSF算法的运算复杂度,提高DOA估计精度,同时又解决了基本遗传算法在DOA估计中易陷入局部最优、后期搜索迟钝等问题。计算机仿真结果表明：采用模拟退火遗传算法的DOA估计技术在低信噪比条件下比采用基本遗传算法、高斯-牛顿算法有更高的分辨概率,更小的均方误差。     

基于辅助阵元的二维波达方向估计算法

;针对任意平面阵列,提出了一种基于辅助阵元的二维波这方向估计算法.首先利用附加的一个辅助阵元及信号的空、时域信息,构造时空旋转矩阵实现对仰角的分离估计,再利用得到的仰角信息通过一维搜索获取方位角.与传统基于子空间的二维波达方向估计算法相比,该方法不需要进行二维谱峰搜索与参数配对,对阵元的幅相误差具有较强的鲁棒性,并具有...     

水下运动阵列多目标检测和方位估计一体化方法

水下多目标的远程检测和方位估计是是水下阵列信号处理的两个关键问题。传统的方法是将这两个方面分开处理,先通过某种检测方法来检测目标个数,然后再利用某种方位估计方法来确定各个目标的方位。这样前面目标检测的结果的好坏就直接影响到后面目标方位估计的性能。针对低信噪比下传统检测方法的性能差且不能同时给出方位估计的问题,提出了一种基于水下运动阵列合成孔径技术的多目标检测和方位估计一体化新方法SATDE。该方法充分利用水下运动阵列合成孔径技术来提高阵增益和角度分辨率,并利用体现信号能量的MVDR空间谱函数来确定目标的个数及方位。仿真结果表明,对于相干信号来说,提出的方法在低信噪比下的检测性能显著优于AIC和MDL等传统方法,并且可以同时给出正确的方位估计。