Dominance-based fuzzy rough approach to an interval-valued decision system

Though the dominance-based rough set approach has been applied to interval-valued information systems for knowledge discovery, the traditional dominance relation cannot be used to describe the degree of dominance principle in terms of pairs of objects. In this paper, a ranking method of interval-valued data is used to describe the degree of dominance in the interval-valued information system. Therefore, the fuzzy rough technique is employed to construct the rough approximations of upward and downward unions of decision classes, from which one can induce at least and at most decision rules with certainty factors from the interval-valued decision system. Some numerical examples are employed to substantiate the conceptual arguments.     

基于概率的有序信息系统

若信息系统中所有的条件属性都是偏好有序的,则称此信息系统为有序信息系统。首先,分析了区间值有序信息系统没有蕴含属性值区间上的概率分布信息的缺点,建立了一种基于概率的有序信息系统。然后,在这种信息系统上,研究了关于单调偏好有序属性和非单调偏好有序属性的二元偏好关系,建立了一种基于概率的优势关系,定义了基于这种优势关系的粗糙集模型。最后研究了基于概率的有序决策表及其决策规则。     

Dominance-based rough set approach to incomplete interval-valued information system

Since preference order is a crucial feature of data concerning decision situations, the classical rough set model has been generalized by replacing the indiscernibility relation with a dominance relation. The purpose of this paper is to further investigate the dominance-based rough set in incomplete interval-valued information system, which contains both incomplete and imprecise evaluations of objects. By considering three types of unknown values in the incomplete interval-valued information system, a data complement method is used to transform the incomplete interval-valued information system into a traditional one. To generate the optimal decision rules from the incomplete interval-valued decision system, six types of relative reducts are proposed. Not only the relationships between these reducts but also the practical approaches to compute these reducts are then investigated. Some numerical examples are employed to substantiate the conceptual arguments.     

广义优势多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集及规则获取

优势关系粗糙集模型是研究序信息系统中数据挖掘的主要方法。为了丰富现有优势关系粗糙集模型,使其更加有效地应用于实际问题,本文首先在直觉模糊决策信息系统中利用三角模和三角余模定义了3种优势关系,得到了3种优势类;其次构造了广义优势关系多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集模型,讨论了该模型的主要性质;随后给出如何从直觉模糊决策信息系统中获取逻辑连接词为“或”的决策规则;最后通过实例说明该模型在处理直觉模糊决策序关系信息系统时是有效的。     

集值信息系统中的模糊优势关系粗糙集

以集值信息系统为研究对象,考虑对象之间的优势程度,提出了模糊优势关系的概念;将模糊的方法引入优势关系粗糙集理论,给出了基于模糊优势关系的粗糙集模型并讨论了其相关性质,为从集值决策系统中获取决策规则提供了新的理论基础与操作手段。通过实例验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。     

不完备区间值模糊信息系统的粗糙集理论

考虑到模糊信息系统的不完备性和信息值的不确定性,讨论了不完备区间值模糊信息系统的粗糙集理论,给出了粗糙近似算子的性质。研究了不完备区间值模糊信息系统上的知识发现,提出了基于不完备区间值决策表的决策规则和属性约简,最后给出算例。     

优势关系下模糊目标信息系统的决策规则优化

利用基于优势关系的模糊粗糙集模型,讨论了模糊决策信息系统中优化序决策规则的获取问题。利用优势关系定义了模糊目标信息系统中对象的三种属性约简。给出了它们的判定定理,构造相应的区分函数,利用布尔推理技术计算对象的属性约简,得到三类新的优化序决策规则。     

Rough set theory for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems

The notion of a rough set was originally proposed by Pawlak [Z. Pawlak, Rough sets, International Journal of Computer and Information Sciences 11 (5) (1982) 341-356]. Later on, Dubois and Prade [D. Dubois, H. Prade, Rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets, International Journal of General System 17 (2-3) (1990) 191-209] introduced rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets as a generalization of rough sets. This paper deals with an interval-valued fuzzy information system by means of integrating the classical Pawlak rough set theory with the interval-valued fuzzy set theory and discusses the basic rough set theory for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems. In this paper we firstly define the rough approximation of an interval-valued fuzzy set on the universe U in the classical Pawlak approximation space and the generalized approximation space respectively, i.e., the space on which the interval-valued rough fuzzy set model is built. Secondly several interesting properties of the approximation operators are examined, and the interrelationships of the interval-valued rough fuzzy set models in the classical Pawlak approximation space and the generalized approximation space are investigated. Thirdly we discuss the attribute reduction of the interval-valued fuzzy information systems. Finally, the methods of the knowledge discovery for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems are presented with an example.     

区间值属性决策表的数据挖掘

Data mining in incomplete information systems is a hard problem but inevitable in uncertain decision. In thispaper ,an extended rough set model based on dominance relation is combined with fuzzy set theory for data mining ininterval valued decision table ,then decision rules can be obtained from the decision table. Simulation results show that the method is effective.     

Positive approximation and converse approximation in interval-valued fuzzy rough sets

Methods of fuzzy rule extraction based on rough set theory are rarely reported in incomplete interval-valued fuzzy information systems. Thus, this paper deals with such systems. Instead of obtaining rules by attribute reduction, which may have a negative effect on inducting good rules, the objective of this paper is to extract rules without computing attribute reducts. The data completeness of missing attribute values is first presented. Positive and converse approximations in interval-valued fuzzy rough sets are then defined, and their important properties are discussed. Two algorithms based on positive and converse approximations, namely, mine rules based on the positive approximation (MRBPA) and mine rules based on the converse approximation (MRBCA), are proposed for rule extraction. The two algorithms are evaluated by several data sets from the UC Irvine Machine Learning Repository. The experimental results show that MRBPA and MRBCA achieve better classification performances than the method based on attribute reduction.     

优势一模糊目标VPRSM及其应用

在群决策理论中,如何获取合理的决策规则是一个重要的研究内容。针对条件属性具有优势关系及决策值为模糊数的多决策信息系统,构建了基于优势关系的模糊目标信息系统变精度粗糙集模型,给出了该模型的几种知识约简定义;通过构造适当的启发式函数,得到了该模型的优势下分布约简算法。最后将该模型应用于计算机审计风险评估,得到了较为合理的评估规则。     

Set-valued ordered information systems

Set-valued ordered information systems can be classified into two categories: disjunctive and conjunctive systems. Through introducing two new dominance relations to set-valued information systems, we first introduce the conjunctive/disjunctive set-valued ordered information systems, and develop an approach to queuing problems for objects in presence of multiple attributes and criteria. Then, we present a dominance-based rough set approach for these two types of set-valued ordered information systems, which is mainly based on substitution of the indiscernibility relation by a dominance relation. Through the lower/upper approximation of a decision, some certain/possible decision rules from a so-called set-valued ordered decision table can be extracted. Finally, we present attribute reduction (also called criteria reduction in ordered information systems) approaches to these two types of ordered information systems and ordered decision tables, which can be used to simplify a set-valued ordered information system and find decision rules directly from a set-valued ordered decision table. These criteria reduction approaches can eliminate those criteria that are not essential from the viewpoint of the ordering of objects or decision rules.     

区间直觉模糊粗糙集

将模糊粗糙集推广到区间直觉模糊粗糙集,基于区间直觉模糊等价关系和两个论域之间的一般区间直觉模糊关系,给出了区间直觉模糊粗糙集模型的不同形式,并讨论了一些相关性质。     

Fuzzy rough set theory for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems

The concept of the rough set was originally proposed by Pawlak as a formal tool for modelling and processing incomplete information in information systems, then in 1990, Dubois and Prade first introduced the rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets as a fuzzy extension of the rough sets. The aim of this paper is to present a new extension of the rough set theory by means of integrating the classical Pawlak rough set theory with the interval-valued fuzzy set theory, i.e., the interval-valued fuzzy rough set model is presented based on the interval-valued fuzzy information systems which is defined in this paper by a binary interval-valued fuzzy relations RF⁽ⁱ⁾(U×U) on the universe U. Several properties of the rough set model are given, and the relationships of this model and the others rough set models are also examined. Furthermore, we also discuss the knowledge reduction of the classical Pawlak information systems and the interval-valued fuzzy information systems respectively. Finally, the knowledge reduction theorems of the interval-valued fuzzy information systems are built.     

不完备模糊系统的优势关系粗糙集与知识约简

以不完备模糊决策系统为研究对象,根据拓展的优势关系,构建了粗糙模糊集模型,以获取不完备模糊决策系统中的"at least"和"atmost"决策规则.为了获取简化的"at least"和"at most"规则,在不完备模糊决策系统中,提出了两种相对约简(相对下近似约简与相对上近似约简)的概念,给出了求得这两种约简的判定定理及区分函数,并进行了实例分析.     

Rule extraction based on granulation order in interval-valued fuzzy information system

Methods of fuzzy rule extraction based on rough set theory are rarely reported in incomplete interval-valued fuzzy information systems. This paper deals with such systems. Instead of obtaining rules by attribute reduction, which may have a negative effect on inducting good rules, the objective of this paper is to extract rules without computing attribute reducts. The data completeness of missing attribute values is first presented. Two different approximation methods are then defined. Two algorithms based on the two approximation methods, called MRBFA and MRBBA are proposed for rule extraction. The two algorithms are evaluated by a housing database from UCI. The experimental results show that MRBFA and MRBBA achieve better classification performances than the method based on attribute reduction.     

不协调区间值决策系统的分布约简

知识约简可以保持决策系统中的分类特征不变,是粗糙集理论的重要研究内容之一。分布约简保持约简前后决策系统中各规则的置信度不发生改变。为了给区间值决策系统的论域分类提供合理的度量标准,引入了区间值相似率。通过将Pawlak决策系统中的等价关系扩展到区间值决策系统中的相容关系,提出了区间值决策系统的分布约简目标。针对该目标给出了相应差别矩阵的计算方法,并与现有区间值决策系统的广义决策约简计算方法进行了分析比较。最后,通过人工数据集的实验验证了相关结论的有效性。     

Generalized interval-valued fuzzy variable precision rough sets determined by fuzzy logical operators

The fuzzy rough set model and interval-valued fuzzy rough set model have been introduced to handle databases with real values and interval values, respectively. Variable precision rough set was advanced by Ziarko to overcome the shortcomings of misclassification and/or perturbation in Pawlak rough sets. By combining fuzzy rough set and variable precision rough set, a variety of fuzzy variable precision rough sets were studied, which cannot only handle numerical data, but are also less sensitive to misclassification. However, fuzzy variable precision rough sets cannot effectively handle interval-valued data-sets. Research into interval-valued fuzzy rough sets for interval-valued fuzzy data-sets has commenced; however, variable precision problems have not been considered in interval-valued fuzzy rough sets and generalized interval-valued fuzzy rough sets based on fuzzy logical operators nor have interval-valued fuzzy sets been considered in variable precision rough sets and fuzzy variable precision rough sets. These current models are incapable of wide application, especially on misclassification and/or perturbation and on interval-valued fuzzy data-sets. In this paper, these models are generalized to a more integrative approach that not only considers interval-valued fuzzy sets, but also variable precision. First, we review generalized interval-valued fuzzy rough sets based on two fuzzy logical operators: interval-valued fuzzy triangular norms and interval-valued fuzzy residual implicators. Second, we propose generalized interval-valued fuzzy variable precision rough sets based on the above two fuzzy logical operators. Finally, we confirm that some existing models, including rough sets, fuzzy variable precision rough sets, interval-valued fuzzy rough sets, generalized fuzzy rough sets and generalized interval-valued fuzzy variable precision rough sets based on fuzzy logical operators, are special cases of the proposed models.     

Incomplete interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations

The aim of this paper is to investigate decision making problems with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference information, in which the preferences provided by the decision maker over alternatives are incomplete or uncertain. We define some new preference relations, including additive consistent incomplete interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation, multiplicative consistent incomplete interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation and acceptable incomplete interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation. Based on the arithmetic average and the geometric mean, respectively, we give two procedures for extending the acceptable incomplete interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations to the complete interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations. Then, by using the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy averaging operator or the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy geometric operator, an approach is given to decision making based on the incomplete interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation, and the developed approach is applied to a practical problem. It is worth pointing out that if the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation is reduced to the real-valued intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation, then all the above results are also reduced to the counterparts, which can be applied to solve the decision making problems with incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy preference information.     

基于信息结构的区间值决策信息系统鲁棒不确定性度量

现阶段基于单值的信息系统的不确定性度量研究较多,而少有关于区间值决策信息系统的不确定性和噪声标签对系统不确定性影响的研究.因此,文中提出基于信息结构的区间值决策信息系统鲁棒不确定性度量.利用KL散度定义区间值之间的相似度,构造区间值模糊相似关系,并提出区间值决策信息系统的信息结构.为了降低噪声决策对系统不确定性度量的影响,引入K近邻点计算样本关于决策的隶属度,提出2种基于信息结构的鲁棒不确定性度量方法.实验表明文中不确定性度量的有效性和合理性.