Utilization of recycled brick powder as alternative filler in asphalt mixture

The objective of this study is to investigate the use of recycled brick powder as replacement of mineral filler in asphalt mixture. A comparative study was carried out on the performance of two mixtures using recycled brick powder and limestone filler. The experimental performed were indirect tensile tests, static and dynamic creep tests, water sensitivity tests and fatigue tests. The results show that the mixtures prepared with recycled brick powder have better mechanical properties than the mixtures with limestone filler. Thus, it is promising to use recycled brick powder as mineral filler in asphalt mixture.     

高温下橡胶沥青胶浆特性及矿料级配优化分析

为改善橡胶沥青混合料的高温性能,提出以橡胶沥青胶浆和矿料级配为主要研究对象的优化思路。通过室内试验,首先研究粉胶比对橡胶沥青胶浆抗车辙因子和相位角的影响;然后结合橡胶沥青的特异性,对其橡胶沥青混合料的矿料级配进行选择和调整,将动稳定度和相对变形作为混合料高温性能评价指标,得出优化后的矿料级配。研究结果表明,提高橡胶沥青混合料高温稳定性的措施有:适当调整粉胶比,控制在1.2左右为宜;以水泥取代矿粉作为混合料的填料;以传统SMA级配为基础,对混合料级配作出调整,适当降低填料比例,能够实现橡胶沥青混合料高温稳定性的优化。     

Fatigue of asphalt binder,mastic and mixture at low temperature

The fatigue damage is one of the most common distresses observed on the asphalt concrete pavement. To thoroughly understand the fatigue of asphalt concrete, the behaviors of the major components of asphalt concrete under cyclic loading are investigated respectively in this study. A new experiment method is developed to evaluate the performances of asphalt binder, mastic and fine aggregates mixture under cyclic tensile loading. The fatigue test results of asphalt binder show that the fatigue performance of asphalt binder is closely related with loading magnitude, temperature and loading rate. Mastic specimens with different filler content are tested and the results indicate that mastic specimens with 30% filler content show better fatigue resistance and higher permanent strain. The micro-structure analysis of mastic and mixture indicates that the fatigue resistance is closely related with the air void content of specimen. 3D digital specimens are developed to model the fatigue of the asphalt binder, mastic and mixture specimens based on the finite element method (FEM). Fatigue damage of asphalt concrete is simplified by a damage model. With proper selection of damage parameters, the simulation results agree well with laboratory test results and can be used as a basis for future fatigue research.     

Laboratory comparison of the crumb-rubber and SBS modified bitumen and hot mix asphalt

The use of crumb rubber (CR) recycled from waste tires using an ambient grinding process was evaluated at two stages in asphalt formulation. First, bitumen modified with crumb rubber was evaluated by rotational viscometery (RV), dynamic shear rheometry (DSR) and conventional binder tests. Hot asphalt mixtures including crumb-rubber-modified bitumen were then evaluated by determining the permanent and fatigue characteristics and stiffness moduli of control and modified mixtures. The properties of the crumb-rubber-modified bitumen and asphalt mixtures were compared to different contents of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified-bitumen and asphalt mixtures. The tests showed that to achieve the same performance, as with SBS-modification, the CR-content must be used at much higher than SBS. 8%-CR modification was determined as the most suitable content according to both binder and mixture tests.     

Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration ash in stone mastic asphalt mixture: Pavement performance and environmental impact

The objective of this study is to the use of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregate or mineral filler in stone matrix asphalt (SMA) mixture. For saving natural rock and reusing solid waste, basic oxygen furnace slag (BOF slag) was used as part of coarse aggregate. And this makes SMA mixtures contain more than 90% solid waste materials by mass. A comparative study of the performance of two mixes designed using superior performance asphalt pavements (SUPERPAVE) and Marshall mix design procedures was carried out in this research. Samples from both mixes were prepared at the design asphalt contents and aggregate gradations and were subjected to a comprehensive mechanical evaluation testing. These tests included Marshall stability, water sensibility, resilient modulus, fatigue life and rutting. In all the performed tests SUPERPAVE mixtures proved their superiority over Marshall mixtures. TCLP test for environmental impact indicated that asphalt is an effective stabilization and solidification agent for heavy metal in MSWI ash. The heavy metal leachates in TCLP tests have great positive correlation with their initial concentration in waste. But Ni is an exception that lower initial concentration leaded to higher cumulative leaching rate.     

老化作用下沥青混合料的疲劳及自愈合性能

通过四点弯曲疲劳试验,分析了老化作用下苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物(SBS)改性沥青混合料和基质沥青混合料的疲劳及自愈合性能.结果表明:老化作用显著削弱了沥青混合料的抗疲劳性能,SBS改性沥青混合料的抗疲劳性能优于基质沥青混合料;老化程度和损伤程度对沥青混合料的自愈合能力影响最为显著;适当延长愈合时间和适宜的愈合温度可以提高沥青混合料的愈合率,但老化程度和损伤程度会削弱其自愈合能力;未老化条件下,基质沥青混合料的自愈合能力大于SBS改性沥青混合料,而老化条件下SBS改性沥青混合料表现出较强的自愈合能力.因此选用SBS改性沥青混合料作为路面材料可以提高沥青路面的抗疲劳及自愈合性能.     

A study on fatigue damage of asphalt mixture under different compaction using 3D-microstructural characteristics

The aim of this paper is investigating the microstructural characteristics of asphalt mixture under different compaction powers. In order to achieve this aim, a test track was built to provide asphalt mixture specimens and X-ray computed tomography (XCT) device was used to scan the internal structure. The aggregate particles and air-voids were extracted using Digital Image Processing (DIP), so the relationship between compaction and air-voids was determined at first, and then, the effect of aggregate particles on the morphology of air-voids can be evaluated, finally, fatigue properties of asphalt mixture with different air-void ratio were measured by indirect tensile fatigue test as well. The research results release the distribution of microstructures in asphalt pavement. 3D fractal dimension is an effective indicator to quantize the complexity of aggregate particles and air-voids; suffering the same compaction power, aggregates cause different constitutions of air-voids in asphalt mixture; investigation in this paper can present the essential relationship between microstructures and fatigue properties.     

钢渣沥青混合料疲劳性能及改善机理

采用钢渣替代部分粗集料,制备了4种钢渣掺量的沥青混合料,并对其进行不同应变水平下的四点弯曲疲劳试验,分析钢渣掺量和应变水平对混合料疲劳性能的影响,以揭示疲劳性能改善机理.结果表明:随着钢渣掺量的增加,沥青混合料疲劳寿命呈先增加后降低的趋势,峰值出现在钢渣掺量为30%(质量分数)时;钢渣沥青混合料初始劲度模量和疲劳寿命均随着应变水平的增大而降低;疲劳损伤演化过程可分为失稳、平衡、失效3个发展阶段,疲劳失效劲度模量衰减比S_r/S_(50)小于50%,并随着应变水平的增大而逐渐减小;疲劳裂纹扩展主要发生在矿料-沥青界面处,且受应变水平影响较大;钢渣的化学性质和表面构造在改善界面相结构方面起到了交互黏附和嵌入锚固作用,用钢渣作为粗集料可显著提升沥青混合料的疲劳性能.     

Experimental investigation on related properties of asphalt mastic containing recycled red brick powder

Some properties of asphalt mastic containing recycled red brick powder (RBP) were investigated in this paper. RBP was used as filler in asphalt mastic. The investigated mastic consisted of asphalt and filler at a mass ratio of 1:1. Penetration, softening point and high-temperature viscosity were tested. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) was used to conduct frequency sweep test of asphalt mastic. The introduction of RBP resulted in reduced penetration, increased softening point, apparent activation energy, complex shear modulus in the low frequency area and high-temperature viscosity. It indicates that RBP may have some positive effect on high-temperature properties but some negative effect on low-temperature properties of asphalt mastic. It is also believed that the average compacting temperature of asphalt mixture containing RBP is 6.5 °C higher than that containing limestone mineral filler (LMF).     

纤维沥青混合料低温性能研究

对三种常用路用纤维的沥青胶浆及混合料进行低温性能试验，分析其低温特性，并与普通的沥青胶浆和沥青混合料进行对比，指出纤维沥青混合料具有较好的低温性能，聚酯纤维和矿物纤维在抗低温损坏方面表现突出。     

道路沥青材料动力性质的关系

为研究沥青、沥青胶浆和沥青混合料等沥青材料的动力性质及其相关性,采用动态剪切流变仪(dynamic shear rheometer,DSR)对沥青和沥青胶浆进行试验,分析了两者动力性质的关系,建立了沥青胶浆复数模量与沥青复数模量、粉胶比的多元关系式;采用沥青混合料性能试验机(asphalt mixture performance tester,AMPT)对5种类型的沥青混合料进行动态模量试验,研究分析了沥青材料在同频率(或加载时间)和温度条件下模量与相位角的关系.结果表明:沥青混合料的模量和相位角可以通过沥青和沥青胶浆的模量和相位角来表示,且这种关系与频率(或加载时间)、温度无关.在此基础上建立了沥青、沥青胶浆和沥青混合料三者的模量与相位角的关系表达式.     

Laboratory evaluation of the effects of short-term oven aging on asphalt binders in asphalt mixtures using HP-GPC

Both the RTFO (rolling-thin film oven) aging of asphalt binders and the STOA (short-term oven aging) of asphalt mixtures are designed to simulate aging during the construction of hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. Many studies have been conducted evaluating the aging effects on asphalt binders since their properties can be easily measured using many conventional tests, such as rotational viscometer, DSR (dynamic shear rheometer), and BBR (bending beam rheometer). However, studies on asphalt mixture aging have been limited to mechanical properties such as strength and fatigue characteristics because considerable effort is required to identify the aging of the asphalt binder in a mixture. This study evaluated the effects of short-term oven aging on asphalt mixtures using the GPC (gel-permeation chromatography) procedure. Nine asphalt mixtures, using three different binder sources, were prepared and five short-term aging methods were used to evaluate these mixes. For comparison, the RTFO aging was also conducted for nine asphalt binders. The aging of a binder within asphalt mixtures, including polymer-modified mixtures, could be identified under various short-term aging conditions. Statistical analysis of the GPC test results indicated that two commonly used short-term aging methods in the laboratory, a 154 °C oven aging for 2 h and a 135 °C oven aging for 4 h, are not significantly different, based on the increase in the large molecular size (LMS) ratios. The RTFO aging method was found to have less effect on binder aging than the short-term oven aging methods of asphalt mixtures.     

纤维对沥青混合料稳定性的影响研究

纤维在沥青混合料中的作用效果一直受到人们的关注,文中针对这一问题选用了四类纤维,分别采用普通沥青和改性沥青,选用沥青混合料AC-16I型,客观的分析了纤维沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温稳定性、水稳定性和抗疲劳性能等路用性能。研究表明：纤维加入后,最佳沥青用量、空隙率、矿料间隙率、稳定度和流值均有不同程度增加,而密度下降;高温稳定性、低温抗裂性能、抗疲劳性能和耐水害性能等路用性能均有一定改善;其中高温和抗疲劳性能的改善最为显著,并且添加纤维的普通沥青混合料性能达到甚至超过改性沥青的性能,改性沥青再添加纤维性能将更好。     

橡胶粉掺量对环氧沥青及其混合料性能的影响

通过黏度、拉伸、马歇尔、车辙和低温弯曲试验分析了掺2%~10%（质量分数）橡胶粉的改性环氧沥青及其混合料的性能.结果表明：掺橡胶粉后,改性环氧沥青的容留时间略有缩短,断裂延伸率有所提高,其中掺6%橡胶粉的改性环氧沥青断裂延伸率可达261%;与普通环氧沥青混合料相比,掺2%,4%,6%橡胶粉的改性环氧沥青混合料其高温稳定性能良好,低温脆性均有所改善,且掺4%,6%橡胶粉的改性环氧沥青混合料低温强度较高、变形能力较好.     

纳米复合改性沥青混合料路用性能研究

为评价纳米复合改性沥青混合料的路用性能,对纳米ZnO改性沥青混合料、纳米ZnO/TiO_2改性沥青混合料以及纳米ZnO/TiO_2/SBS复合改性沥青混合料进行了高温性能试验、小梁弯曲试验、劈裂试验及相关耐久性试验,并与基质沥青混合料和SBS改性沥青混合料进行对比分析.结果表明:上述3种纳米改性沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、间接抗拉性和耐久性均优于基质沥青混合料,其中纳米ZnO/TiO_2/SBS复合改性沥青混合料的上述性能优于SBS改性沥青混合料.由此可见,纳米材料可显著改善沥青混合料的性能,纳米复合改性沥青的性能优于聚合物改性沥青,将其应用于道路是可行的.     

Laboratory comparison study for the use of stone matrix asphalt in hot weather climates

Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) is a hot mixture asphalt consisting of a coarse aggregate skeleton and a high binder content mortar. It was developed in Germany during the mid-1960s and it has been used in Europe for more than 20 years to provide better rutting resistance and to resist studded tyre wear. The main objective of this research study was to compare the performance of the normally used dense graded asphalt mixtures, named in this research as control mixtures, and SMA mixtures. Samples from both mixtures were fabricated at their optimum asphalt contents that were 5.3% for control mixtures and 6.9% for SMA mixtures. Comparison performance tests that included Marshall stability, loss of Marshall stability, split tensile strength, loss of split tensile strength, resilient modulus, fatigue, and rutting testing were performed on both mixtures. Test results showed that although the control mixtures have higher compressive and tensile strengths, SMA mixtures have higher durability and resilience properties. In addition, although the research could not prove the superiority of SMA in rutting resistance because of the limited sample sizes, field performance of SMA mixtures proves its superiority. Therefore, especially in hot weather climates, these properties, (durability, resilience and rutting resistance) give SMA mixtures advantages over dense graded mixtures.     

Recycling of municipal solid waste incinerator ash in hot-mix asphalt concrete

This research investigated the use of incinerator ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in hot-mix asphalt concrete. Municipal solid waste (MSW) Incinerator ash was obtained from an incinerator facility at Sultan Qaboos University. Physical tests were performed on the incinerator ash to determine its gradation and specific gravity, as well as chemical composition of the leachate from the ash. MSW ash was used in the mixture of hot-mix asphalt with a percentage of up to 40% by total aggregate weight. Optimum mixtures were evaluated for moisture susceptibility and raveling potential. The results indicate the potential use of the MSW ash in asphalt concrete mixtures for surface and base course mixtures with percentages of 15 and 20 ash substitution, respectively.     

废机油残留物再生沥青的抗老化性能

以废机油残留物(REOB)作为沥青再生剂,从REOB自身、REOB再生沥青及REOB再生沥青混合料3个层次进行老化性能研究.通过延时薄膜烘箱老化试验(TFOT)(老化时间分别为5、10、15、20、25 h),测定了REOB再生沥青、RA5再生沥青和基质沥青的质量及黏度变化,并采用弯曲梁流变试验评定3种沥青老化后的低温...     

SBS改性沥青混合料疲劳极限拉应变研究

为了证实和确定SBS改性沥青混合料疲劳极限标准,通过控制应变的小梁疲劳试验,研究了SBS改性沥青混合料疲劳寿命随拉应变水平的变化规律,拉应变水平的变化模拟了实际路面沥青层厚度变化对层底拉应变的影响.结果表明:当拉应变水平较高时,沥青混合料疲劳寿命有限;随着拉应变水平降低,疲劳寿命逐渐增大,且拉应变水平越低,增幅越大;当拉应变水平由400×10-6向100×10-6变化时,疲劳曲线在200×10-6处有明显的转折,此后,随着拉应变水平进一步降低,疲劳曲线明显变得平缓,呈现典型的渐近线特征,这证实了SBS改性沥青混合料存在疲劳极限这一假设;基于交通发展、设计年限和经济性,通过理论计算,建议SBS改性沥青混合料疲劳极限拉应变可以采用140×10-6.     

Material-specific effects of hydrated lime on the properties and performance behavior of asphalt mixtures and asphaltic pavements

This study evaluates hydrated lime-treated hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures through various laboratory tests, including the dynamic modulus test and performance tests to characterize permanent deformation and fatigue damage resistance both in displacement-controlled and force-controlled modes. Two different asphalt mixtures — the asphalt concrete mixture and the fine aggregate asphalt matrix mixture — which differ only in the amount of additional hydrated lime (0.5–3.0%), are tested. Test results demonstrate material-specific damage characteristics of hydrated lime and the existence of a more appropriate amount of hydrated lime to be added to the HMA mixtures than the current typical application rate such as the addition of 1.0% lime to dry or pre-moistened aggregates. In addition, the newly released Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) is used for predicting pavement performance related to hydrated lime content. The MEPDG analysis results show that damage prediction models implemented in the current MEPDG are limited to accurately predicting material-specific damage characteristics. Mechanistic models that consider material-specific crack phenomenon and fracture behavior should be pursued.