Plasticity improvement of amorphous alloy via skim cold rolling

This study reports the plasticity improvement of amorphous alloy associated with skim cold rolling. It was found that, with an increasing reduction in thickness of up to 6 %, the plastic strain increased considerably from 1.5 % to 9.6% while the yield strength deceased slightly from 1.75 GPa to 1.68 GPa. With further rolling beyond 6 %, the changes in the plasticity and yield strength were observed to be insignificant. In this study, we discussed the principle underlying the improved plasticity of amorphous alloy in view of the creation of excess free volume during skim cold rolling.     

冷轧变形量对Al-Mg-Si合金织构的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜分析了不同冷轧变形量对Al-Mg-Si合金显微组织和微观织构的影响。结果表明:随着变形量的增加,再结晶织构Cube{001}<100>会经由Goss{011}<100>逐渐演变为以Copper{112}<111>和S{123}<634>为主要取向的形变织构,而Goss{011}<100>的体积分数表现为先增大后减小的趋势;合金形变带织构主要由强度较高的Copper{112}<111>织构和强度较弱的Cube{001}<100>织构组成;当变形量小于20%时,晶粒主要取向为{001}、{012},变形量大于40%时,{011}、{112}、{123}成为主要的晶粒取向。     

冷轧变形对CrCoNi合金组织与性能的影响

针对磁悬浮熔炼的铸态CrCoNi合金,在室温条件下,进行变形量为50%的冷轧变形,研究了铸态及变形后合金的物相成分、显微组织、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能。结果发现,铸态CrCoNi合金在变形前后没有发生物相变化,依旧为FCC单相结构;铸态组织分布不均匀,经过轧制变形后,晶粒被破碎与拉长;随变形道次增加,强度提升,塑性下降。同时发现,相比于铸态,经过轧制变形后的CrCoNi合金耐腐蚀性得到改善,且均优于304不锈钢。     

冷轧变形对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金剥落腐蚀性能的影响

采用剥落腐蚀实验、电化学阻抗测试、透射显微技术等方法,研究了不同冷轧变形量对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金组织和剥落腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:随着冷轧变形量的增加,合金在EXCO溶液中剥落腐蚀增大.变形量主要通过改变晶粒形态及晶界析出相影响合金的剥落腐蚀性能.一方面冷变形导致合金晶粒纵横比增大,使得腐蚀裂纹尖端处产生的楔入应力增加,裂纹扩展速率提高;另一方面,较大冷变形合金时效时形成的连续晶界析出相易成为阳极腐蚀通道,也会加速剥落腐蚀进程.     

冷轧间热处理对Al-Mg-Si-Cu基合金板材轧制织构的影响

采用晶体取向分布函数(ODF)法研究了轧间热处理对Al-Mg-Si-Cu基合金板材轧制织构的影响.结果表明,轧间不热处理和350℃×1 h热处理,两种板材的织构类型基本一致,主要为R-Cube{001}<110(旋转立方织构)及强度较弱的B、S、C织构;而经510 ℃×1 h热处理的板材的R-Cube及B、S、C织构的强度都比前两种板材相应织构要低得多.没有热处理试样的{001}<110的含量为21.2%,取向密度值f(g)为18.1;经过350℃×1 h处理的试样的{001}<110的含量为19.8%,f(g)为16.8;经过510 ℃×1 h处理的试样的{001}<110的含量为13.7%,f(g)为3.2.     

预先热处理对6111铝合金冷轧及再结晶织构的影响

采用取向分布函数(ODF)法研究了预先热处理对6111铝合金的冷轧和再结晶织构组态的影响。结果表明:预先热处理因改变基体的成分和第二相的析出状态而显著影响6111铝合金的形变织构和再结晶织构;热轧板不经预处理而直接冷轧,其再结晶织构主要由绕法向旋转了15°的立方取向(Cube ND15)和{011}〈111〉取向构成;冷轧前进行过时效处理,其再结晶织构主要由绕法向旋转了20°的立方取向(Cube ND20)和{011}〈122〉取向构成;冷轧前进行固溶处理会显著提高冷轧织构中Brass和Goss组分的取向密度,再结晶织构明显弱化,而且Cube ND20组分绕法方向(ND)产生很大的漫散,接近于{001}〈UVW〉纤维织构。     

冷轧变形量对7A75铝合金组织性能的影响

研究了冷轧变形对7A75铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响,并探讨了第二相粒子促进形核的机制。采用光学显微镜(OM)和透射电镜(TEM)观察了微观组织,采用万能拉伸试验机测试了力学性能,采用板材成形试验机测试了杯突值(IE)。结果表明:随冷变形量的增大,7A75铝合金的强度和伸长率均逐渐增大,且屈服强度的升高幅度大于抗拉强度。50%冷变形时屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到435 MPa和460 MPa,与未经冷变形时相比分别提高了190 MPa和110 MPa,同时伸长率提高到14%。杯突IE值与伸长率的变化规律一致。30%、50%和70%的冷变形下,基体晶粒平均尺寸分别为31.5、13.5和13.0 μm,冷变形量越大,基体晶粒尺寸越细小越均匀。过时效处理后,7A75铝合金中的MgZn₂粒子尺寸大于0.5 μm时,在冷变形后的固溶处理过程中为再结晶提供形核位置;而50~100 nm之间的粒子钉扎在晶界处,有效地抑制了再结晶晶粒的长大。     

冷轧变形量及再结晶对TC4合金组织与性能的影响

通过XRD、OM、EDS、SEM和万能试验机等方法,研究了不同冷变形量对TC4合金微观组织及力学性能的影响以及相同再结晶处理对不同冷变形量合金再结晶程度的影响。结果表明,冷轧制使得TC4合金产生加工硬化,相较固溶试样,35%和48%冷变形量试样的抗拉强度分别提高451 MPa和228 MPa。再结晶工艺相同时,随着变形量的增大,合金的抗拉强度逐渐降低。     

Ni_(40.5)Co_(32.5)Al_(27)马氏体合金的冷变形和再结晶行为

采用金相观察和硬度测定方法研究了马氏体Ni40.5Co32.5Al27合金的冷轧组织和再结晶行为。结果表明,马氏体Ni40.5Co32.5Al27合金有优异的冷加工能力,其临界冷轧压下量在46.2%~46.9%之间;马氏体相β′和延性γ相变形协调性好,合金经大变形后两相相界没有微裂纹。冷轧Ni40.5Co32.5Al27合金在1073K~1173K发生强烈回复,在1273K温度发生完全再结晶,随着淬火温度的升高合金中γ相体积分数不断减少,β′相晶粒不断长大。     

C194铜合金轧制冷塑性变形有限元模型的建立

以C194铜合金为研究对象,利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机进行了室温单向拉伸实验,获得了应变速率分别为0.01,0.1,1和10 s^-1的应力-应变曲线,构建了C194铜合金室温本构方程,验证了本构方程的准确性。基于Deform-3D有限元数值模拟平台,建立了C194铜合金轧制冷塑性变形有限元模型,并在相同工艺条件下进行了轧制变形实验,结果表明:除第5道次模拟结果与实验的厚度相对误差值为11%之外,其余误差值均小于10%,验证了轧制冷塑性变形有限元模型的可靠性和精确性。为研究C194铜合金板带变形规律及工艺优化奠定了基础。     

热轧温度波动对冷轧变形抗力的影响模型

针对热轧过程中温度波动生产的带钢在冷轧过程变形抗力变化的问题,将变形抗力分为初始变形抗力和加工硬化量两个部分,建立变形抗力初始模型.将终轧温差、卷取温差、由温差引起的加工硬化量的变化量、标准热轧终轧温度、实际热轧终轧温度、标准热轧卷取温度以及实际热轧卷取温度等因素考虑在内,以多项式函数建立起热轧温度特性波动对冷轧变形抗...     

CuNiCoBe合金冷变形时效特性

采用真空感应熔炼技术浇铸CuNiCoBe合金,利用光学显微镜、硬度计、电导仪,研究固溶、冷变形和时效处理工艺对CuNiCoBe合金组织和性能的影响.结果表明,CuNiCoBe合金较为合适的固溶温度为960℃;时效前冷变形有利于加快时效进程、缩短时效时间;冷变形量越大,合金时效后的室温硬度越高,达到时效硬化峰值的时间越短,峰值后硬度下降的幅度越大;总体说来冷,预冷变形亦有利于提高合金时效后的电导率,提高幅度平均约为10%.经960℃保温1.5 h固溶处理+60%冷变形+490℃保温2.5 h时效处理后的CuNiCoBe合金的硬度可达377 HV30,比未冷变形时提高了124%.     

Nanoscale Pb inclusions embedded in Al matrix prepared by cold rolling

A Pb/Al multilayer prepared by cold rolling and annealing was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanometer-sized Pb inclusions embedded in the Al layer have been found by TEM observations. A tentative mechanism of the formation of Pb inclusions was discussed.     

Shear deformation and grain refinement in pure Al by asymmetric rolling

Asymmetric rolling（ASR）, as one of severe plastic deformation（SPD） methods, was widely used to make ultra-fined materials with enhanced performance. Internal marks were used to show the shear deformation during asymmetric rolling with pure aluminium as a model material. Effects of reduction ratio and mismatch ratio on the shear deformation were studied. With the observed shear deformation results, equivalent strain was calculated. For lager shear deformation, rolling equipment was modified to increase friction between specimen and the rollers. Consequently, extremely fine grains with size of 500 nm are obtained in pure aluminium. With improved asymmetric rolling, the ability of grain refinement of ASR is greatly improved.     

冷轧板带变形的三维分析

应用三维弹塑性有限元法,在大型商业有限元软件平台上开发了冷轧板带模拟系统,分析了轧件变形情况,考虑了不同厚度,压下率和摩擦系数的影响,并计算了边降及金属向流动的变化规律,计算结果与实验结果吻合情况较好。     

Ti3Al基合金在近等温变形过程中的组织变化规律

对锻态Ti3Al基合金进行了压缩实验,研究其在近等温变形过程中的组织变化规律.结果表明随着变形温度的升高,初生α2条变粗,且大部分α2相趋于等轴状.尽管应变速率对α2相的含量影响不大,但对其尺寸和形貌却有较大的影响.较高的应变速率能够增加畸变能,有利于细化晶粒.由于10%的变形量较小,只有较少量位于有利变形方向的条状α2相被破碎而呈现出等轴状.而当变形量从10%增加到30%时,α2相颗粒均为等轴状,其尺寸随着变形量的增加先减小后增大.尺寸增大的原因是由于两个相互独立的硬α2相之间的软β相在变形力的作用下被挤开而靠近,最终靠扩散长大成一体;或是初生α2相在缓慢变形过程中吞并其周围新生的细小α2相而长大.     

冷轧法提高Mg-3Gd-1Zn合金的强度(英文)

利用大应变冷轧提高Mg3Gd1Zn(质量分数)合金的强度。通过单道次23%压下量的冷轧处理,可在Mg3GdZn合金热轧板材的组织中引入大量位错,使其形成基面织构,进而使其屈服强度提高150%。与Mg3GdZn合金热轧板材相比,将冷轧板材在350°C下退火30min,可以提高其强度,同时具有较高的塑性。由于剪切带的软化作用,多道次冷轧的Mg3Gd1Zn合金板材没有获得预期的强度;但是,利用多道次冷轧来制备厚度小于1mm的薄板或箔材,可以尽可能减少道次间的回炉退火,从而提高生产效率,降低能耗。     

Study of relaxation and crystallization kinetics of NiTi made amorphous by repeated cold rolling

An amorphous structure of NiTi was obtained by repeated cold rolling. Relaxation and crystallization were studied applying a combination of sensitive calorimetric methods, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Upon deformation, a nanostructured mixture of crystalline and amorphous phase occurs. With increasing degree of RCR, the fraction of the crystalline phase decreases; at an equivalent strain of 16.8, an almost completely amorphous phase arises. Isothermal calorimetry yields a monotonously decreasing signal followed by a peak occurring by relaxation of the amorphous phase and nanocrystallization, respectively. The relaxation signal is well described by a Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts function. Crystallization kinetics agree with those expected from the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami model. The kinetic exponent agrees with three-dimensional growth and mixed nucleation or nucleation with a decreasing rate. The crystallization kinetics of NiTi made amorphous by severe plastic deformation differ from those of amorphous NiTi obtained by melt spinning or sputter deposition.     

Crystallization of amorphous NiTi shape memory alloy fabricated by severe plastic deformation

Based on the local canning compression, severe plastic deformation (SPD) is able to lead to the almost complete amorphous nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (NiTi SMA), in which a small amount of retained nanocrystalline phase is embedded in the amorphous matrix. Crystallization of amorphous NiTi alloy annealed at 573, 723 and 873 K was investigated, respectively. The crystallization kinetics of the amorphous NiTi alloy can be mathematically described by the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) equation. NiTi SMA with a complete nanocrystalline phase is obtained in the case of annealing at 573 K and 723 K, where martensite phase transformation is suppressed due to the constraint of the grain boundaries. Crystallization of amorphous NiTi alloy at 873 K leads to the coarse-grained NiTi sample, where (001) martensite compound twin is observed at room temperature. It can be found that the martensitic twins preferentially nucleate at the grain boundary and they grow up towards the two different grains. SPD based on the local canning compression and subsequent annealing provides a new approach to obtain the nanocrystalline NiTi SMA.     

TiNbTaZr合金在轧制过程中的马氏体转变

利用真空自耗熔炼方法和热加工技术制备Ti-35Nb-2Ta-3Zr β钛合金,采用单向轧制和交叉轧制对合金进行冷变形.通过对轧制态试样的微观组织分析,研究不同轧制方式下的马氏体转变特征.结果表明:单向轧制和交叉轧制过程中产生应变诱发马氏体相,随着变形量的增大,马氏体形貌由针状逐渐转变为粗大的变体;交叉轧制更有利于马氏体相的转变,当冷变形量为40%时,马氏体的转变量达到79.63%,并在随后的冷变形过程中,马氏体转变量基本保持不变.