Performance analysis of shadowed-Rice fading channel with cooperative spectrum sensing

In this paper, the performance analysis of wireless communication system over shadowed-Rice (SR) composite fading channel has been investigated and analysed. The unified analytical expressions of the average symbol error probability (ASEP) for several coherent and non-coherent modulation schemes separately with different constellation sizes are derived for composite fading channel under two different fade mitigation methods, with maximal ratio combining (MRC) microdiversity (Method 1) and MRC applied over the composite fading channel (Method 2). Furthermore, an asymptotic analysis is carried out and a closed-form expression of the ASEP with Method 2 is presented. Analytical expressions of the corresponding average probability of energy detection (PD) are formulated for both the methods. Finally, the derived PD expression is utilised to analyse the performance of cooperative system assuming erroneous feedback channel. Analysis of optimisation of detection threshold as well as number of cognitive users to minimise the total error rate is also carried out. The closed-form expressions are validated by comparing them with exact numerical results and Monte Carlo simulation.     

The effects of channel knowledge on cooperative spectrum sensing in Nakagami-n/q fading channels

Wireless Networks - Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is an efficient method to detect vacant spectrum of a primary user (PU) by combining sensing information of multiple cognitive radios (CRs) in...     

CMMB信号合作式频谱感知性能分析

目前频谱资源紧缺,缓解频谱资源紧张问题重要方法之一便是频谱感知技术。针对中国移动多媒体广播（CMMB）信号的频段,介绍了CMMB信号的帧结构特点。在总结现有频谱感知技术的基础上,分析合作式频谱感知在两种准则（OR准则和AND准则）下的基本原理,最后在Matlab平台上分析合作式感知在各种特定条件下（信道,合作者数,检测方法以及检测准则）的性能。     

The effect of Weibull fading channel on cooperative spectrum sensing network using an improved energy detector

This paper analyses the performance of proposed cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) network in Weibull fading environment. First, we have derived the novel analytic expressions for probabilities of missed detection and false alarm in Weibull fading channel, assuming an improved energy detector (IED), selection combining diversity scheme and multiple antennas at each cognitive radio (CRs). Next, performance is analyzed using complementary receiver operating characteristics curves, total error rate, average channel throughput, and network utility function curves for the proposed CSS network. The optimal performance of CSS network is achieved by optimizing the CSS network parameters. The closed form of expressions for the optimum value of number of CRs, arbitrary power of received signal, and detection threshold at each CR are derived using OR-Rule and AND-Rule at fusion center (FC). The average channel throughput and network utility function analysis are evaluated using \(k=1+n\) and \(k=N-n\) fusion rules at FC. Finally, the impact of several network parameters such as, multiple antennas at each CR (M), number of CRs (N) in CSS network, Weibull fading parameter (V), arbitrary power of received signal (p), and sensing channel SNR (\({\bar{\gamma }})\) on the performance of proposed CSS network are investigated using the simulation results. The performance comparison between conventional energy detector and an IED has been highlighted with the simulations.     

M进制直扩系统在平坦衰落下的性能分析

分析了采用RS(n，k)编码的一种在MSK调制方式下基于循环移位的M进制直接序列扩频通信系统在Rayleigh衰落信道中的性能，给出了准确的误码率公式。并通过SPW软件仿真给出了该系统在Rayleigh衰落环境下的性能曲线，仿真得到的误码率与公式推导的结果完全吻合。     

Detection performance of cooperative spectrum sensing with hard decision fusion in fading channels

In this paper, we investigate the detection performance of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) using energy detector in several fading scenarios. The fading environments comprise relatively less-studied Hoyt and Weibull channels in addition to the conventional Rayleigh, Rician, Nakagami-m and log-normal shadowing channels. We have presented an analytical framework for evaluating different probabilities related to spectrum sensing, i.e. missed detection, false alarm and total error due to both of them, for all the fading/shadowing models mentioned. The major theoretical contribution is, however, the derivation of closed-form expressions for probability of detection. Based on our developed framework, we present performance results of CSS under various hard decision fusion strategies such as OR rule, AND rule and Majority rule. Effects of sensing channel signal-to-noise ratio, detection threshold, fusion rules, number of cooperating cognitive radios (CRs) and fading/shadowing parameters on the sensing performance have been illustrated. The performance improvement achieved with CSS over a single CR-based sensing is depicted in terms of total error probability. Further, an optimal threshold that minimises total error probability has been indicated for all the fading/shadowing channels.     

Rician慢衰落信道下的正交循环码M元扩频系统性能分析

本文提出了一种基于正交循环码的M元扩频系统,在发端将一条原型扩频码循环移位构成M个相互正交的扩频码,实现M元扩频,而接收机利用一个时频变换域复数匹配滤波器就可实现正交循环码M元非相干解扩解调.与传统的M元扩频系统相比较,正交循环码M元扩频系统具有很低的复杂度.本文推导出该接收机在Rician慢衰落信道条件下的误比特率的计算公式,给出并分析了计算机仿真结果.     

衰落信道下基于拟合优度检验的认知无线电频谱检测

本文提出衰落信道下一种基于拟合优度检验的认知无线电频谱检测方法,采用Anderson-Darling(AD)检验代替传统的假设检验,通过计算接收到信道数据样本的分布函数与经验分布函数之间的Anderson-darling距离,并与备选的门限值比较,实现频谱检测.论文分析了衰落信道下AD检测虚警概率和平均检测概率下界.理论分析和仿真结果表明,在低信噪比,小样本条件下,AD检测比传统的能量检测具有更好的性能.     

Performance analysis of multiple-antenna cooperative networks under Weibull fading

In wireless communications, cooperative relaying is well-known to enhance the overall system performance, but implementation and cost constraints stand against its wide deployment. This paper investigates the performance of cooperative relays with and without multiple antennas under independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Weibull faded channels in a two-hop wireless network. We consider the Weibull fading channel model due to its flexibility in describing the radio propagation environment more than the classical Rayleigh model. Our study relies on applying selection combining (SC) along with threshold decode and forward (TDF) protocol at the cooperative relays as a good compromise between cost and performance. In addition, maximal ratio combining (MRC) is used at the destination. We derive analytical expressions for the end-to-end (E2E) error performance of the network under such scenario and provide simulation results to confirm the validity of the obtained analytical expressions.     

选择式合并方法在Nakagami信道上的性能分析

本文根据最大输出电平准则,对选择式合并在Nakagami信道上的性能作了比以往理论分析更符合实际的评价,导出了误码率的闭式解,并与最大信噪比准则时作了比较。结果表明,采用最大输出电平准则时系统的性能稍有恶化,但实现的复杂度却大为降低。     

Performance of direct sequence spread spectrum in a fading dispersive channel with jamming

The performance of a binary phase-shift-keyed direct-sequence spread-spectrum communication system in a fading dispersive channel with jamming is examined. The channel is modeled as a wide-sense-stationary uncorrelated scattering channel, dispersive only in time. The channel output consists of a strong stable component of the signal plus a continuum of dispersive components and is referred to as a frequency-selective Rician fading channel. To obtain specific results, the multipath intensity profile is modeled by triangular function. Both the uncoded and coded performances are analyzed. The multipath spread is chosen to limit intersymbol interference to K adjacent coded symbols in the coded case and to only adjacent data bits in the uncoded case. No specific interleaver design is considered. A closed-form expression for the probability of error is obtained, assuming random spreading sequences. Numerical results are presented for values of the system and channel parameters. It is shown that a jammer can optimize its strategy if the probability of error is not too high.<>     

Performance analysis of cellular CDMA networks overfrequency-selective fading channel

An effect of multipath fading on the performance of a cellular code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system is analyzed in this paper. A wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) channel model and the coherent binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) with asynchronous direct-sequence (DS) spreading signal are assumed in the analysis. The average error probability for both the forward link and reverse link of a cellular CDMA system over a frequency-selective fading channel using a conventional correlation-type receiver and RAKE receiver are derived. The impact of imperfect power control and channel capacity of a cellular CDMA system is also investigated. The closed forms of average error probability derived in the paper can save a lot of computation time to analyze the performance and channel capacity of a cellular CDMA system. The analytical results show that the performance and maximum transmission rate of cellular CDMA systems degrade with an increase in the number of simultaneous users and the number of interfering cells. The signal-to-interface ratio (SIR) for the reverse link derived in this paper can directly describe the interrelationships among a number of paths, number of users, number of interfering cells, fading factors, and maximum variation of a received unfaded signal     

Performance analysis of predetection EGC receiver in Weibull fading channel

The predetection equal gain combining (EGC) receiver is generally known to have a performance that is close to the maximal ratio combining (MRC) receiver while having relatively less implementation complexity. The bit error rate (BER) of an EGC receiver for binary, coherent and noncoherent modulations has been analysed for an independent Weibull fading channel. Numerical results have been compared with the available results for selection combining (SC) and MRC diversity receivers.     

Nakagami衰落信道下的蜂窝系统性能分析

文中考虑多小区蜂窝系统中小区边缘用户受到来自其他小区间同信道干扰,分析了在Nakagami-m衰落信道下,用户和基站均为单天线时的多小区蜂窝系统性能,以获得干扰信号衰落参数m和干扰基站发射功率对系统性能的影响。采用概率密度函数（PDF）分析法推导了系统中断概率和平均误符号率（ASER）的闭合表达式,并进一步通过数值仿真来分析同信道干扰对系统性能的影响。仿真结果表明,系统的中断概率和ASER的解析曲线均与仿真结果一致,系统性能随着干扰信号衰落参数m和干扰功率的增加而降低。     

Probability-based combination for cooperative spectrum sensing

This letter proposes a probability-based scheme for combination of spectrum sensing information collected from cooperative cognitive radio users. The proposed scheme enables combination of both synchronous and asynchronous sensing information by utilizing the statistics of licensed band occupancy and is superior to conventional schemes in terms of detection performance.     

Performance optimization for energy harvesting cognitive cooperative networks with imperfect spectrum sensing

Wireless Networks - In this paper, considering imperfect spectrum sensing in a cognitive cooperative system, we study the performance optimization for throughput maximization of secondary user (SU)...     

Ergodic capacity analysis for SIMO cognitive fading channel in spectrum sharing environment

We consider the Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) balancing problem involving joint beamfoming and power allocation in the Cognitive Radio (CR) network, wherein the Single-Input Multi-Output Multiple Access Channels (SIMO-MAC) are assumed. Subject to two sets of constraints: the interference temperature constraints of Primary Users (PUs) and the peak power constraints of Cognitive Users (CUs), a low-complexity joint beamforming and power allocation algorithm called Semi-Decoupled Multi-Constraint Power Allocation with Constraints Preselection (SDMCPA-CP) for SINR balancing is proposed. Compared with the existing algorithm, the proposed SDMCPA-CP can reduce the number of matrix inversions and matrix eigen decompositions significantly, especially when large numbers of PUs and CUs are active, while still providing the optimal balanced SINR level for all the CUs.     

Performance analysis of cooperative spectrum monitoring in cognitive radio network

Wireless Networks - The imperfect spectrum monitoring (SM) is a major obstacle to detect the emergence of primary user (PU) quickly during the cognitive users’ (CUs’) data transmission...     

Rayleigh衰落信道下多载波DS-CDMA系统性能分析

本文基于多载波传输技术，提出了一种多载波码分多址模型。并在Rayleigh衰落信道下对其误码性能进行了分析。分析及仿真结果表明，系统具有降低多址干扰的能力，同传统的单载波直接序列码分多址系统相比，能支持更大的用户容量。本系统能满足第三代移动通信系统对高速数据传输的要求。     

Throughput performance of cooperative spectrum sensing network with improved energy detectors and SC diversity over fading channels

Wireless Networks - This paper proposes a novel cooperative spectrum sensing network (CSSN) with improved energy detector (IED) based cognitive radio (CR) users. Every CR user is furnished with...