Evaluation of a bacteriocin-producing strain of Pediococcus acidilactici as a biopreservative for “Alheira”, a fermented meat sausage

This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of Pediococcus acidilactici HA-6111-2, a PA-1 bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacterium (LAB), isolated from “Alheira” to inhibit a cocktail of Listeria innocua strains during production and shelf-life of these products. The bacteriocinogenic culture reduced the Listeria population below the detection limit (1.5log CFU/g) and had no effect on the growth of the natural LAB flora or on the pH. Pathogenic organisms were not detected in any sample. The presence of some virulence factors and antibiotic resistances of the strain to be used as a bioprotective culture were investigated. P. acidilactici HA-6111-2 did not produce any of the biogenic amines tested; no formation of biofilms was observed; more l(+)lactic acid was produced than its isomer d(?); no gelatinase, DNase or lipase activity was recorded; no structural genes for the haemolysin, enterococcal surface protein, hydrolytic compounds, aggregation protein and cell-wall adhesins were detected, no significant antibiotic resistances were found. P. acidilactici HA-6111-2 appears to have potential as a bioprotective culture during “Alheira” fermentation. Moreover, a trained panel considered the protected product to be sensorially acceptable.     

Study of Coked Commercial FCC Catalysts by a Novel Micro-Reactor GC System and Its Characterization by ^129Xe NMR

A novel Micro-Reactor-GC system was used to study the performance of two kinds of FCC catalysts coked in a FFB reactor under simulated industrial conditions using dodecane and octene as probe molecules. The result shows that the performance of the two cokedcatalysts differed significantly. The ^129Xe NMR technique was used to detect the location of coke deposition on the catalysts, which gave a good explanation of the experimental results.     

Modeling of Ethylene Absorption from an Ethylene–Ethane Mixture by Silver Nitrate Aqueous Solution in a Hollow-Fiber Membrane Contactor

Convection–diffusion mass transfer in a gas–liquid membrane contactor based on porous polysulfone hollow fiber membranes with a mesoporous (d_pore ~ 2 nm) structure of the separation layer has been studied. The characteristics of the membrane contactor have been investigated in the recovery of ethylene from its mixture with ethane using an aqueous silver nitrate solution as the absorption liquid. A procedure based on the method of lines is proposed for calculating a mass transfer in hollow fiber contactor with a longitudinal laminar flow in an array of parallel fibers. An ethylene flux, depending on the process conditions, has been found by solving numerically a set of convection–diffusion equations with allowance for both the chemical reaction in the liquid stream and transmembrane transport.     

Characterization and Thermal Decomposition of Nanometer 2,2′, 4,4′, 6,6′-Hexanitro-Stilbene and 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Fabricated by a Mechanical Milling Method

Nanometer 2,2?, 4,4?, 6,6?-hexanitro-stilbene (HNS) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) were fabricated on a high-energy ball mill. The particle sizes of nano-HNS and nano-TATB were 98.4 and 57.8 nm, respectively. An SEM analysis was employed to image the micron morphology of nano-explosives. The particle size distribution was calculated by measuring the size of 300 particles in SEM images. XRD, IR, and XPS analyses were used to confirm whether the crystal phase, molecule structure, and surface elements were changed by the milling process. Thermal decomposition of nano-HNS and nano-TATB was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal-infrared spectrometry online (DSC-IR) analyses. Using DSC traces collected from different heating rates, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of thermolysis of raw and nano-explosives were calculated (activation energy (E_K), pre-exponential factor (lnA_K), rate constant (k), activation heat (ΔH^≠), activation free energy (ΔG^≠), activation entropy (ΔS^≠), critical temperature of thermal explosion (T_b), and critical heating rate of thermal explosion (dT/dt)_Tb). The results indicated that nano-explosives were of different kinetic and thermodynamic properties from starting explosives. In addition, the gas products for thermal decomposition of nano-HNS and nano-TATB were detected. Although HNS and TATB are both nitro explosives, the decomposition products of the two were different. A mechanism to explain the difference is proposed.     

“The Fluidized Bed Process for Manufacturing Paraxylene from Methanol/Toluene with Coproduction of Olefins” Developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Passed Appraisal

<正>The fluidized-bed process for manufacture of paraxylene from methanol and toluene with coproduction of olefins(DMTA),on which the CAS Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP)has the independent intellectual property rights,has passed the assessment of scientific achievement organized by China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation(CPCIF).The Scientific Achievement Assessment Committee has recognized that this achievement     

Use of GC-headspace and “electronic nose” for the detection of volatile compounds from glucose–glycine Maillard reaction

The present study deals with the use of headspace and gas sensor techniques for the measurements of Maillard volatiles in model system. Both methods can be used for assessing various processes in food control. The volatile compounds produced during thermal browning of glucose–glycine model system were collected by dynamic headspace techniques and analysed by GC–MS. The effect of added formaldehyde on the formation of the main constituents was measured at pH 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5. It was found that at pH 5.5 and 6.5 formaldehyde had a negative effect on the formation of the dominant components, furfural, 2-acetylfuran and 5-methylfurfural. The volatile compounds were also tested with an array of solid-state gas sensors. The effect of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde was analysed on the basis of the transient response signals generated by the aroma in the sensors. So-called τ-patterns were used to recognise the aroma from different model solutions as well as for pure compounds dominant in the aroma from the Maillard reaction.     

Proposal on “Use of LPG as Steam Cracking Feedstock” Raised by the Research Institute of Yangzi Petrochemical Company

The Research Institute of Yangzi Petrochemical Company (YPC) has completed the study on the project “Use of LPG as Steam Cracking Feedstock” and raised a rationalization proposal. The forecast has shown that the economic benefits for production of ethylene brought about by the hydrocracker LPG are enormous. Compared to the naphtha feedstock cur- rently used by YPC, the economic benefit for manufacturing one ton of ethylene from LPG can be higher by 800 RMB. If the annual consumpti…     

The “Iodine Number” of TS–1 Fuel. On Elimination of the Index from GOST 10227–86

It was shown that unsaturated hydrocarbons in concentrations characteristic of TS–1 fuel weakly affect sludging in this fuel but significantly increase the existent gum content, and the rejected standard based on this limits the concentration of unsaturated hydrocarbons in fuel to a much greater degree than the iodine number index. Scientifically substantiated recommendations are given for eliminating the iodine number index from GOST 10227–86 for TS–1 fuel.     

The Project “Development of Package Technology for Producing Biodiesel from Microalgae” Passed SINOPEC's Technical Assessment

<正>On August 7,2015 the project"Development of package technology for producing biodiesel from microalgae",which was jointly undertaken by the SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing(RIPP),the Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals(FRIPP),and relevant institutions subordinated to Chinese Academy of Sciences     

“Technology for Adsorptive Separation of Normal C_5-C_6 Alkanes Developed by RIPP” Passed Technical Appraisal of Sinopec Corp

<正>Recently the technology for adsorptive separation of normal C_5 and C_6 alkanes developed by RIPP has passed the technical appraisal organized by the Science and Technology Division of Sinopec Corp.Starting from 2003 RIPP began to engage in the study on technology for adsorptive separation of normal C_5—C_6 alkanes.Through the systematic research of regularities on crystallization of 4A zeolite and technique     

“Chemical modification of guar by different synthetic vinyl monomers for enhancing oil recovery under severe sandstone reservoir conditions”

Nowadays more emphasis is given to biodegradable polymers owing to their distinct properties. Biopolymers are natural, inexpensive, available, and environmentally friendly substitutes that are planned to substitute HPAM for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). In this research, grafted guar with different vinyl monomers prepared through a free radical emulsion polymerization reaction to enhance the drawbacks of native guar gum. Structure characterization was conducted by various spectroscopic techniques including (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscope (AFM), nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), and thermal analysis established by TGA analysis. Rheological characteristics were tested at severe reservoir conditions. Laboratory flooding experiments performed by sandstone packed model. It is indicated from the rheological analysis that the modified composites have more temperature resistance, salt tolerance, and improved viscosity properties than native gum. The flooding data assumed that the prepared GG-g-AM& MMA and GG-g-AM, MMA&TEVS are suitable for EOR techniques where they can withstand the severe reservoir condition and achieve a recovery factor up to (47.7%) from residual oil by using GG-g-AM& MMA and (55.5%) of residual oil by using GG-g-AM, MMA&TEVS while native guar achieves only (27.7%).     

A review of “IGNITION OF SOLIDS” by V. N. Vilyumovand V. E. Zarko Published by Elsevier Science Publishers 1989 xvi + 442 pages

ABSTRACT

The effect of steaming temperature on the structural characteristics (e.g. unit cell size, crystallinity and Si/AI ratio), surface area, and acidity as well as on performance of two Y-zeolite based FCC catalysts (coded A and B) having different initial Si/AI ratio was investigated and compared. The feedstock used was vacuum gas oil from Kuwait National Petroleum Co. (KNPC). The results of the study showed that catalyst B with a higher initial Si/AI ratio is better than catalyst A in terms of retaining unit cell size and acidity under hydrothermal conditions. Performance test in a microreactor (MAT) revealed that catalyst B was more active for overall conversion. However, catalyst A was more selective for gasoline yield and RON. It also produced less gas and coke yields than catalyst B.     

The New Process of Energy Conservation Suited to the “MDI Rectification Process” Introduced by the Qingdao Science and Technology University

Under the financial support of the State Development and Reform Commission the Qingdao Science and Technology University and the Yantai Wanhua Group have jointly developed in 2000 “the technology for manufacture of 40 kt/a MDI”, making China the fifth country in possession of this technology, which has been successfully applied in the revamp and expansion of the 50 kt/a MDI project. In order to further optimize the process and reduce the specific consumption of the product,     

Discussion about “estimation of curie depth,geothermal gradient and near-surface heat flow from spectral analysis of aeromagnetic data in the loum-minta area (centre-east cameroon)”

Backgroundthis paper reviews the results obtained from recent studies mentioning the crustal architecture in Cameroon. It also discusses the study of [1] “Estimation of Curie depth, geothermal gradient and near-surface heat flow from spectral analysis of aeromagnetic data in the Loum-Minta area (Centre-East Cameroon)”. The paper published by [1] is an application of the spectral method for the determination of Curie depths, followed by interpretations on the local thermal structure (thermal gradient, heat flux) of the crust. However, some outliers are remarkable and depend at first analysis on a bad mesh of the data following a windows of 27.75 * 27.75 km. Similarly, the failure to take into account the various parameters (seismic, geological, tectonic) which would help to better calibrate the results.Discussionwith this communication, we would like to mention and clarify some errors in the paper published by [1] based on a global review of thermal behaviour of the crust.SummaryIt is strongly recommended that information on regional geology and seismicity be used to estimate the Curie depths and that other independent data be integrated to determine the thermal and mechanical behaviour of the crust in Cameroon.