二步法圆形织编结构的建模表达与结构仿真

在对玫瑰曲线研究的基础上,对玫瑰曲线进行拓展,获得广义玫瑰曲线,并对广义玫瑰曲线中的相关参数对结构的影响情况进行了详细的分析和讨论。在此基础上将其应用在管状编织结构的建模中,结果显示基于广义玫瑰线的二步法圆形编织结构可以较好地反映编织结构中股线相互穿插交织规律,为该类结构的设计和仿真提供模型。     

二维二轴编织铺层复合材料细观几何模型及拉伸模量的一种计算方法

建立了一套工程实用的二维二轴2×2编织结构的单层和多层的细观几何模型及拉伸模量的计算方法,分析复合材料的细观结构特征,考虑了编织纱束的实际横截面形态和屈曲起伏,还有实际编织工艺和成型固化,提出了单层和多层结构复合材料的细观几何模型,基于细观分析,建立了单层和多层二维二轴编织铺层复合材料等效力学模型和拉伸模量的计算方法,最终计算数值结果趋势上与实际情况一致,在具体数值上吻合度很好,表明该方法实际有效可行。结论表明,建立的细观几何模型能很好地表达单层和多层二维二轴2×2编织复合材料的结构特征,等效力学模型能够很好地反映复合材料的拉伸行为,建立的拉伸模量预测方法能够很好地导出拉伸模量。     

二维编织复合材料管件力学性能研究进展

综述了近年来国内外对二维编织复合材料管件力学性能的研究成果及研究进展,主要包括力学性能实验研究、结构几何模型和数值仿真研究。在实验研究中介绍了二维编织复合材料管件的能量吸收性能及弹性性能,同时重点介绍了编织角及编织结构的变化对复合材料各种性能的影响的最新研究进展;在结构几何模型研究中,以细观结构、宏-细观结构模型研究为主,详细介绍了当前流行的建模方法;在数值仿真研究方面,介绍了研究人员根据二维编织成型原理以及纤维在复合材料中的取向建立的实体模型仿真分析。最后,总结当下研究中存在的问题,并对未来研究趋势进行展望。     

逆向工程曲面重构中建模策略的研究

通过对实际产品反求过程中曲面重构技术的研究．提出了基于曲面特征的曲面建模策略和基于截面线特征的曲面建模策略．并对其在CAD模型重建中的具体应用进行了分析,为逆向工程建模提供理论指导,以提高反求工作的效率。     

二维编织理论研究进展

一方面从运动学法和有限元法两个角度综述了二维编织工艺理论的研究进展,另一方面总结了纤维束假设截面椭圆形、透镜形、扁平六边形的研究过程,对各种方法建立的二维二轴编织结构和三轴编织结构的单胞研究进行了综述。最后对研究建立单胞时需要考虑的问题提出了建议。     

三维编织预制件单胞模型的参数化

应用Pro/E的3D实体建模功能建立了三维整体编织预制件的单胞模型,包括内部单胞、表面单胞和棱角单胞。模型中真实反映了纤维尺寸和纱线走向。基于编织工艺参数间的关系,在Pro/E中实现了参数化设计,不同编织角下的各种单胞模型可自动生成。作为三维编织预制件中的周期排列微观结构,参数化单胞的建立为进一步研究三维整体编织复合材料的性能提供了便于应用的理论分析模型。     

基于三坐标测量的产品自由曲面反求

通过分析产品自由曲面反求的技术,介绍了自由曲面数据的获取方法、CAD模型的重构技术,分析了自由曲面重构中存在的问题。以工艺品塑料树叶为例,详细介绍了基于三坐标测量的产品自由曲面反求技术,实践表明该建模方法可以得到实际生产中满意的曲面模型。     

2.5D编织复合材料弹性性能的分析和实验验证

研究2．5D编织细观结构,分析了其单元体模型,建立了2．5D编织复合材料弹性性能分析预报模型。研究了2．5D编织物的复合成型工艺,制作试件并通过实验值与理论预测值的对比,验证了该方法的正确性。     

基于流程拓扑信息的统计过程监测方法

传统数据驱动的过程监测方法主要基于历史数据和统计学知识建立,往往忽视了对过程机理的考虑。基于预测残差的过程监测方法则通过数据驱动的回归模型实现对局部过程机理的近似,在预测残差的基础上建立监测模型实现了对过程偏离更好的识别。但其建立回归模型实现对局部过程机理的近似时主要基于数据,很少考虑具体流程信息。作为流程信息的一种表现形式,流程拓扑结构常被用来提取变量间的进程与因果关系,如果在建立回归模型时结合流程的拓扑结构,则可使得所建立的回归模型中包含一定的流程信息,使其对局部机理的近似更为准确。基于此,本文提出一种基于流程拓扑信息的统计过程监测方法。该方法利用流程的拓扑结构,提取变量间的进程与因果关系,建立回归模型实现对局部过程机理的近似。在此基础上建立基于预测残差的过程监测模型,实现对过程偏离的监测。该方法被应用于某连续重整装置的过程监测中,结果表明其监测效果要优于基于主元分析和基于预测残差的过程监测方法。     

多孔错流喷射混合器内液体射流轨迹线

利用平面激光诱导荧光测试技术对多孔错流喷射混合器内液体混合过程进行了研究,考察了操作条件(射流速度比r、混合流股Reynolds数ReM)和混合器的结构参数(射流小孔直径d、孔径管径比d/D、射流小孔个数n)对射流轨迹线的影响。结果表明,混合流股Reynolds数对射流轨迹线影响较小,射流速度比和混合器的结构参数是影响射流轨迹线的主要因素。建立了射流轨迹线的数学模型,并利用实验结果回归了模型参数。模型预测的液体混合过程射流轨迹线与实验结果基本吻合。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。