混杂纤维复合材料性能研究

对碳纤维织物、玻璃纤维织物和芳纶织物的性能进行测试,采用热熔法分别制备了一种增韧中温固化环氧碳纤维织物预浸料、玻璃纤维织物预浸料和芳纶织物预浸料。预浸料以单种预浸料铺层和不同纤维织物预浸料混合铺层方式铺贴组合,通过模压法成型复合材料层合板,进行性能测试并对比。结果表明,增韧中温固化环氧树脂的不同纤维织物预浸料混合铺层成型的层压板力学性能可以根据铺层设计优化,并不损失不同纤维铺层之间的界面性能。     

超薄T700/环氧树脂预浸料力学性能研究及微观结构表征

为了研究超薄碳纤维树脂基预浸料力学性能并探究其微观结构,制备了常规和超薄预浸料层合板,对其进行了基础力学性能测试并利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及原子力显微镜表征了微观结构。通过对比发现,薄层化提高了复合材料宏观拉伸性能,降低了弯曲和层间剪切性能,但是薄层化后的复合材料在抵抗基体分层裂纹方面表现出了显著的优势;同时薄层化会使纤维在树脂中分布均匀,层间孔隙减少,纤维与树脂的界面厚度减小。     

浅谈碳纤维预浸料中铺放纤维非织造网布的适用性

选取了两种纤维非织造网布,分别在进口单向碳纤维预浸料和国产单向碳纤维预浸料层与层之间进行铺放,采用预浸料成型工艺制备不同性能的层合板,并通过测试层合板试样的力学性能和孔隙率,表明纤维非织造网布在碳纤维预浸料成型技术中的适用性。对比测试数据结果发现:纤维非织造网布经向纤维纤度、纬向纤维纤度、面密度选材合适时,在碳纤维预浸料层合板中表现出了优异的适用性;纤维非织造网布经向纤维纤度及纬向纤维纤度较小、面密度选择较大时,在碳纤维预浸料层合板中虽然也表现出良好的工艺适用性,但是碳纤维预浸料层合板的力学性能会降低,孔隙率会偏大。     

碳纤维复合材料厚壁管的成型工艺

本发明提供一种以碳纤维预浸料制作厚壁管的成型工艺,属于复合材料的成型工艺领域。本发明采用碳纤维预浸料进行剪裁、铺叠、卷管、缠带和固化,制成碳纤维复合材料厚壁管。本发明提供的成型工艺,使管件铺层设计不受限制,纤维在不同方向上的分布量可以精确控制,纤维角度可以设计。制备过程中不造成环境污染,成型后无需后期加工处理。制备的厚壁管质量轻、孔隙率低、纤维体积分数高、承载能力强。本工艺方法使用T700级碳纤维环氧型预浸料生产内经37 mm49 mm1 200 mm     

国产高强高模PAN基碳纤维预浸料的制备及性能研究

以国产CNI QM55高强高模聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维、氰酸酯树脂为原料,利用热熔法制备高强高模PAN基碳纤维预浸料,通过纤维面密度、树脂含量、挥发分含量等来评价预浸料的物理性能,结合单向板的微观形貌与层间剪切强度分析单向板的界面结合性能,并对预浸料铺制单向板的力学性能进行表征。结果表明：CNI QM55碳纤维预浸料的纤维面密度为145 g/m²,树脂质量分数为35.5%,挥发分质量分数为0.164%,预浸料的物理性能满足复合材料的性能要求;以CNI QM55碳纤维预浸料制备的单向板0°拉伸强度为2 429 MPa, 0°拉伸模量为328.4 GPa,弯曲强度为1 171 MPa,弯曲模量为280 GPa,压缩强度为783 MPa,压缩模量为257 GPa,层间剪切强度为65.2 MPa,具有较好的界面黏接性能和力学性能,可满足加工应用要求。     

610B无卤阻燃环氧树脂及碳纤维复合材料性能

设计了一种新型磷-硅协同高效无卤阻燃环氧树脂610B,并制备了碳纤维增强热熔预浸料T700/610B。通过DSC、凝胶时间、动态黏度、热重、红外和SEM,对树脂体系的反应及流变特性、室温储存期和阻燃机理进行研究;通过真空袋成型工艺制备了碳纤维增强复合材料并对其力学性能和阻燃性能进行了评价。结果表明:树脂在中温条件下有效固化,室温下储存期大于30 d,预浸料铺覆性好,适合低成本真空压力成型,制备的复合材料力学性能优异、低烟低毒、阻燃性能突出。     

一种玻纤/环氧-Nomex蜂窝夹层复合材料制备工艺与性能研究

以玻纤增强环氧预浸料、阻燃环氧结构胶膜和高密度Nomex蜂窝芯通过共固化工艺制备了夹层结构复合材料板,并对其进行了相关性能研究。通过分析预浸料蒙皮和胶膜中环氧树脂基体流变特性,以及研究共固化过程中的固化压力和升温制度对所制备夹层板力学性能的影响关系,制定出了适宜的复合材料成型工艺制度。结合上述研究成果,进一步对采用不同面重胶膜和铺层结构制备出的夹层板进行了性能测试,考核结果表明:胶膜用量的增加可以明显提高Nomex蜂窝夹层板的滚筒剥离强度和长梁弯曲性能,而对平面压缩性能影响较小,但会明显降低复合材料的整体阻燃和烟毒性能;此外,对称铺层结构的材料整体结构稳定性明显优于非对称铺层结构。     

H300碳纤维及其预浸料性能研究

对H300碳纤维性能进行了测试,结果表明H300碳纤维与T300碳纤维力学性能基本相当。试验了3238A/H300碳纤维热熔预浸料制造工艺,制造出合格预浸料。测试了3238A/H300碳纤维复合材料物理力学性能,结果表明3238A/H300碳纤维复合材料满足要求。     

连续碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备及力学性能

采用自主研发的连续碳纤维/聚醚醚酮热熔法预浸料(HC2110),通过热压成型工艺制备了复合材料层合板。测试了复合材料的力学性能,表征了微观形貌和破坏模式。预浸料热性能测试表明,HC2110预浸料较国外材料(TC1200)的耐热性及成型工艺性较优。微观形貌分析表明,复合材料层合板中纤维分布均匀性对0°拉伸性能影响较小;而纤维和树脂的界面结合较差是导致90°拉伸强度明显偏低的主要原因。     

复合材料带曲率C型梁热隔膜预成型试验与仿真分析

随着复合材料自动铺带和铺丝技术的成熟,并且广泛应用于复合材料结构的生产与制造。通过与铺带或铺丝技术相结合使得复合材料热隔膜预成型技术成为制作L型、C型,Z型等细长零件的重要手段,此种方式可以减少大量的人工操作,并且能够用于实现自动化工业生产。复合材料热隔膜预成型是一个使预浸料叠层变形的复杂过程,本文对带曲率C型梁的预成型过程进行仿真分析,首先通过试验得到预浸料铺层间摩擦系数,然后对湿态预浸料的力学性能进行测试。利用测试得到参数,采用有限元方法对C型梁预成型过程中铺层间的滑移进行模拟得到了铺层变形后的褶皱缺陷。通过专用的热隔膜成型设备对C型梁预成型进行试验研究,将试验结果与仿真结果进行对比分析,验证了预成型仿真手段的可行性,为后续热隔膜预成型过程中的参数优化提供指导。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.