CaO/MgO摩尔比对太阳能电池封装玻璃性能的影响

利用普通Na2O-CaO-SiO2玻璃体系,通过调整CaO/MgO摩尔比,针对太阳能电池用封装玻璃组分的性能,研究了不同CaO/MgO摩尔比对玻璃软化温度、转变温度、膨胀系数及高低温黏度的影响规律,探讨了不同CaO/MgO摩尔比值对玻璃力学性能的影响。     

玻璃纤维中成分变化对玻璃高温性能的影响

在玻璃纤维成型过程中,玻璃液的质量是纤维成型过程能否连续稳定的重要先决条件,而玻璃液本身的黏度和结晶性能又是玻璃液质量的主要指标之一。本文通过逐步改变玻璃的配方成分,详细研究了玻璃成分中单个组分的变化对玻璃高温黏度和结晶性能的影响情况,并初步分析了其变化规律。     

煤基/石油基火箭煤油高参数黏温特性与组分特性研究

为探究温度变化及组分变化对液体火箭推进剂黏度的影响规律,以煤基/石油基火箭煤油两种燃料为研究对象,获取两种燃料宽广温度和压力范围内的黏度数据,构建两种燃料“黏度-温度-压力”数学模型,大多数模型偏差都在5%的实验扩展不确定度范围内,能够精确预测燃料黏度随温度及压力的变化。黏温系数及等压黏度变化率的大小可反映不同燃料的黏温特性,对比结果表明,煤基煤油和石油基煤油的黏温系数和等压黏度变化率的绝对值相近,受温度影响程度几乎相同。根据运动黏度梯度,提供两种火箭煤油雾化燃烧效果最佳的临界预热温度。以灰色关联理论方法分析火箭煤油五组分烃类物质与黏度及黏度变化率的相关性,研究影响火箭煤油黏度的敏感组分因素。结果表明：单环烷烃对低温火箭煤油黏度指标影响最大,双环烷烃对高温火箭煤油黏度指标影响最大。     

真空辅助成型工艺环氧树脂体系化学流变特性研究

通过实验研究了环氧树脂的化学流变特性,分别考察了双阿累尼乌斯黏度模型、工程黏度模型及联合黏度模型在真空辅助成型工艺专用环氧树脂(2511-1A)应用的有效性。通过比较分析发现,联合黏度模型更加准确地反映了该树脂的时间-温度-黏度的变化情况,进而预测了树脂的工艺时间窗口。根据时间-温度的变化关系,建立了非恒温下2511-1A环氧树脂体系的联合黏度模型,预测了在不同升温速率下黏度的变化,预测结果与实验结果较吻合,可进一步应用于热压工艺技术参数的选择。     

玻璃黏度理论模型的研究进展

玻璃黏度对玻璃材料的研制、应用和发展起着重要的作用.本文介绍了与活化能、自由体积、构型熵及液相脆性相关的经典黏度理论基础.根据影响玻璃黏度的主要因素,介绍了国内外有关黏度-温度,黏度-结构和黏度-组成之间的计算模型及近年来的研究成果,并对玻璃黏度计算模型的发展进行了展望.     

皂基洁面乳热流变性研究

研究了皂基洁面乳出料时、灌装前及灌装后3个阶段的流变学性质(包括流动曲线、剪切触变性和黏弹性),结果表明,该皂基洁面乳是具有剪切变稀性质的黏弹-触变性流体。进一步研究了皂基洁面乳的热流变性,获得升温过程黏温曲线和复模量随升温和降温过程变化曲线。结果表明,在5~40℃之间,体系黏度随温度升高而下降;在40~50℃之间,体系黏度随温度升高而增大;在50~80℃之间,体系黏度随温度升高而下降。复模量随温度变化曲线表明,体系复模量的升温曲线和降温曲线不重合,具有显著的热触变性,40℃是该皂基洁面乳结构变化的转折点。     

CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃颗粒的烧结过程研究

通过大量实验得到了CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃颗粒的起始烧结温度(Ts),起始析晶温度(Tc)以及烧结收缩曲线,通过对他们的分析,讨论了组分、烧结温度、烧结时间对玻璃颗粒烧结的影响.确定了有利于烧结的较佳CaO,Al2O3,B2O3含量范围,从而为烧结法生产微晶玻璃提供了有利的理论依据.     

B2O3、K2O和ZnO含量对汽车玻璃油墨用低熔点玻璃性能的影响

以Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO-SiO2体系为基础玻璃,通过调整玻璃组分,研究分析了B2O3、K2O和ZnO含量对玻璃性能的影响.结果表明:玻璃的热膨胀系数、软化温度及化学稳定性会随着玻璃组分中B2O3、K2O和ZnO含量的不同而改变,当B2O3、K2O和ZnO的质量分数分别为10％、3％和5％时,玻璃的热膨胀系数和软化温度分别为83.524×10-7℃-1和525.9℃,且化学稳定性良好,符合汽车玻璃油墨对低熔点玻璃粉的要求.     

玻璃管水平拉制成型过程的数值模拟

为了改变玻璃管水平拉制成型以直觉知识为理论基础和经验设计为技术手段的现状,本文采用ANSYS Polyflow软件建立了玻璃管水平拉制成型过程中的传热和传质数值仿真模型,得到了温度场、速度场、压强场、黏度场等的变化情况。通过数值仿真分析,得出玻璃液流入温度、牵引速度、鼓入空气流入压强和旋转筒转速都是影响玻璃管成型的敏感工艺参数。玻璃液流入温度和鼓入空气流入压强与玻璃管外径成正比,与玻璃管壁厚成反比;牵引速度与玻璃管外径和壁厚都成反比;旋转筒转速与成型位置的偏心量成正比。本文提出的数值仿真模型将为提高玻璃管品质,缩短换品调整时间,提高生产效率,节约材料和能源消耗提供理论支撑。     

加工条件对EVA发泡材料性能的影响研究

首先研究了乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)基体的黏度随着温度的变化情况,根据EVA泡孔形成的黏度范围,确定出EVA发泡材料的加工温度范围。并研究了加工条件即模压温度和模压时间对EVA泡沫材料结构性能的影响。结果表明:模压温度为160℃,模压时间为14 min时,制得的EVA泡沫材料的力学性能和泡孔结构更优异。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997