热形变工艺参数对晶界区与品内区加工硬化的影响

本文研究了热形变工艺参数对奥氏体晶粒之间和晶粒内不同区域的形变程度不均匀性的影响。结果表明晶粒尺寸大小、形变温度和形变量对不同区域的形变程度不均匀性都有影响。     

工业化制备7050铝合金厚板显微组织与力学性能

采用OM、TEM观察、室温拉伸试验,研究工业化制备大截面7050铝合金厚板微观显微组织和力学性能.结果表明:板材表层、1/4厚度层和芯部处均存在部分粗大晶粒组织以及晶粒尺寸分布不均匀现象,其中芯部粗大晶粒的尺寸、数量以及晶粒尺寸不均匀程度均高于1/4厚度层和表层;合金时效后晶内的析出相主要为η’相、η相以及少量GPⅡ区,表层晶粒内的析出相密度大于1/4层和芯部,且1/4层和芯部粗棒状的η相含量较高;合金的强度、硬度以及延伸率在厚度方向上呈梯度分布,表层硬度、抗拉强度（σ_b）、屈服强度（σ_0.2）和延伸率（δ）均最高,从表层到芯部,硬度、σ_b、σ_0.2以及δ均逐渐减小.      

挤压-室温轧制对尺寸不对称喷射沉积含Gd镁合金组织及织构影响

采用喷射沉积技术制备Mg-8Zn-2Ca-2Gd-1Zr-1Nd合金沉积坯,对其进行挤压预变形后再进行室温轧制变形(ε=5%,10%,15%)。利用蔡司金相显微镜(OM),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析挤压—轧制变形对镁合金显微组织及微观织构演变的影响。结果表明:尺寸不对称喷射沉积镁合金挤压坯在室温轧制变形时,随压下率(ε=5%,10%,15%)增加,硬度值升高且存在硬度值分布不均匀现象,团聚第二相粒子逐渐呈弥散分布,其中尺寸小于1μm的第二相粒子弥散分布于基体上,而部分富稀土元素第二相碎化后偏聚在基体晶粒晶界处,大量弥散分布于基体和晶界处的第二相粒子阻止位错滑移是镁合金轧制后硬度提高的重要原因。尺寸不对称喷射沉积镁合金在挤压-轧制变形过程中,当ε=10%时,(0002)基面织构强度降低、非基面织构形成且极密度增强,实现了形变织构随机化。晶粒细化、挤压坯初始织构遗传性、尺寸不对称变形三者综合作用是实现形变织构随机化的主要原因。     

微合金化控轧控冷钢筋纵向金相组织研究

 对微合金化控轧控冷钢筋的纵向金相组织进行了研究,并分析了不同成分试验钢纵向“条带”组织的差异及形成原因。研究结果表明：偏析元素（P、Si、Mn等）在轧制过程中沿轧制方向呈条状分布,是20MnSi、20MnSiV钢产生带状组织的原因。铌及其碳氮化物的溶质拖曳和“钉扎”作用,使20MnSiNb钢的奥氏体未再结晶轧制温度提高到1050℃,在冷却过程中,先共析铁素体在形变奥氏体晶界和内部变形带均匀析出,随后沿形变奥氏体晶界（在先共析铁素体与奥氏体的界面上）生成珠光体带,最后在形变奥氏体晶粒内部形成贝氏体条。研究条件下优势形核点的排序为：形变奥氏体晶界和形变奥氏体晶内变形带、偏析元素和夹杂、再结晶奥氏体晶界。     

轴承钢GCr15低温轧制组织研究

利用Gleeble2000热模拟机研究了轴承钢GCr15在不同形变温度条件下的形变奥氏体组织状态,分析了950℃的高温轧制和750℃低温轧制的室温组织区别,结果表明,高温轧制时奥氏体发生动态再结晶,室温组织珠光体晶粒较大,珠光体组织内的渗碳体片层清晰,生长有规则;低温轧制时轴承钢GCr15为奥氏体＋渗碳体双相区形变,奥氏体不发生动态再结晶,同时渗碳体沿晶界发生动态析出,呈断续和球状,室温组织网状和珠光体晶粒尺寸降低,渗碳体片层生长不规则。     

冷轧变形和烘烤处理对CTP版铝板基组织和性能的影响

采用不同的轧制制度和220℃×10 min与280℃×5 min两种烘烤制度对1060CTP铝板基进行处理,通过极化曲线测试、显微硬度、室温拉伸等测试方法以及扫描电镜、金相显微的观察,研究冷轧变形量与烘烤处理对CTP铝板基微观组织、电解腐蚀性能以及力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,随轧制进行晶粒在首道次的基础上细化,首道次压下量越大,晶粒细化量越大,首道次压下率为58.2%时得到的铝板基晶粒细小均匀,腐蚀性能与力学性能都较好;铝板基在烘烤处理过程中对温度比较敏感,温度高的烘烤处理使铝板基的强度急剧下降,而伸长率相应增加,采用280℃×5 min烘烤处理后,韧窝大小较均匀,深度较深,塑性更好,耐印性也更高。     

轧制钨板退火过程的织构衍变及性能研究

以纯度(质量分数)为99.95%的钨粉为原料,经冷等静压成形,1 800~2 300℃高温烧结制得钨烧坯,钨烧坯在1 250~1 500℃经过4道次轧制制得接近理论密度的钨板。采用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)分析退火过程中钨板织构的衍变过程,通过金相、维氏硬度和高温抗拉强度分析退火过程中钨板组织和性能的变化规律。结果表明,轧制态的钨板晶粒组织明显沿轧制方向拉长;1 150℃和1 250℃退火10 min后,织构类型没有发生明显变化,晶粒仍为拉长状态;1 350℃退火后,形变织构明显减弱,晶粒取向分布趋于随机。通过统计面积分数分析得到,1 350℃退火后钨板晶粒再结晶组织比例占65.8%。轧制钨板的显微硬度和高温抗拉强度随退火温度的升高而降低,1 150℃退火后的显微硬度和高温抗拉强度分别为430 HV和485 MPa,1 350℃退火后的显微硬度和高温抗拉强度分别为410 HV和356 MPa。     

异步轧制对Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr板材组织、织构和性能的影响

以Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr挤压态合金为材料，采用同步轧制（SR）和异步轧制（DSR）工艺，通过光学显微镜（OM）、电子背散射衍射（EBSD）、 X射线衍射（XRD）宏观织构检测以及室温拉伸等手段研究了两种轧制方式下板材微观组织的演变、织构组态及力学性能。结果表明：经SR和DSR轧制后，大尺寸的变形组织由于剪切破碎作用被细小的再结晶组织取代，两种轧板表层组织都比中心层组织更加细小均匀；与SR轧板相比，DSR轧板残留的变形区组织很少，动态再结晶程度更高，组织更加均匀；由EBSD分析结果可知，SR和DSR板材的再结晶机制均为连续动态再结晶；SR板材内部存在大量的低角度晶界（67.8%），仍然存在15μm以上的大晶粒，动态再结晶程度不高；DSR板材低角度晶界比例大大降低（25.8%），晶粒尺寸分布均匀，动态再结晶程度较高；SR板材呈现基底织构的特征，织构强度达到13.9; DSR板材基极向横向（TD）和轧向（RD）呈现均匀发散状态，织构强度降低到4.8；相同轧制条件下，DSR板材的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别比SR板材高30.1 MPa和38.2 MPa, DSR板材的延伸率（8.7%）比SR板材...     

LCD溅射靶材用大尺寸钼板工艺、组织、织构与性能研究

进行了烧结、轧制工艺对比试验,研究了粉末粒度、形貌和烧结工艺对大型钼烧结板坯组织和性能的影响;轧制方式对LCD溅射靶材用大尺寸钼板微观组织、织构以及性能的影响,探讨了影响LCD溅射靶材用大尺寸钼板组织、织构及性能的主要因素。结果表明：制备大型烧结钼板坯可选用颗粒大小较为均匀、分布疏松、粗细搭配合理的中等粒度钼粉;相比普通钼板坯而言,通过延长保温时间,1900℃高温氢气中频烧结,可制备轧制大尺寸钼靶材用大型钼板坯;LCD溅射靶材用大尺寸钼板轧制总加工率需大于70％;采用1火次多道次单向轧制工艺,正常轧制的LCD溅射靶材用长条形钼板再结晶退火后可得到均匀细小的等轴晶粒组织;由于纵向开坯轧制阶段的不均匀变形（非正常轧制）,导致包覆横轧得到的LCD溅射靶材用宽幅矩形钼板再结晶退火后组织不均匀,细晶粒和粗大晶粒并存;单向正常轧制的LCD溅射靶材用长条形钼板再结晶退火后近表层无明显优先织构取向。纵向开坯轧制,然后用包覆换向横轧得到的LCD溅射靶材用宽幅钼板再结晶退火后近表层存在较强的{0,0,1}〈1,-1,0〉、{0,0,1}〈6,-1,0〉和{0,1,1}〈1,0,0〉织构。     

高能球磨过程Fe－Ni机械合金化特点

研究了Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ粉末在氢气保护下的机械合金化过程。利用ＸＲＤ和ＳＥＭ研究了球磨过程粉体的显微组织结构，测量了不同球磨时间粉体的显微硬度。结果表明，经３ｈ球磨便实现了Ｆｅ－Ｎｉ的完全合金化，合金的组织结构为纳米晶超饱和α固溶体（ｂｃｃ）和γ固溶体（ｆｃｃ）两相混合组织。继续球磨，过饱和α相逐渐分解并向γ相转化。根据衍射图分析了球磨过程的微观应变和晶粒尺寸及其对粉末显微硬度的影响。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.