The long march to interoperable digital rights management

This paper discusses interoperability of digital rights management (DRM) systems. We start by describing a basic reference model for DRM. The cause of interoperability is served by understanding and circumscribing what DRM is "in the whole." Then we outline and contrast three different approaches to achieving interoperability. One approach relies on flexible network services to provide functionality where it is needed, perhaps by bridging different systems. We describe an experimental service orchestration system (NEMO) that enables such an approach.     

MPEG-21 event reporting: enabling multimedia e-commerce

To foster multimedia e-commerce, MPEG is developing a new part of the MPEG-21 standard that specifies the creation and delivery of events related to peer usage of digital items. This overview of MPEG's work on event reporting describes the standard's new part and positions it in relation to other efforts.     

Legal policy and digital rights management

The paper, intended primarily to be a tutorial, informs readers of the important role that law and policy play in the development of new technologies. It also provides guidance with respect to the legal and policy issues that apply to digital rights management (DRM) techniques. The laws and policies that affect the development of DRM architectures are explained. The trends that affect the way international norms are developed are highlighted, focusing on the work of organizations such as the World Intellectual Property Organization. The paper concludes by providing insight on why the policy-making process is an important consideration the development of DRM systems and future progress in this area.     

Anonymous trust: digital rights management using broadcast encryption

Broadcast encryption is an active area of cryptographic research. Originally defined by Fiat and Naor, broadcast encryption refers to key management schemes that operate when the participating parties do not have a two-way communication path. We contrast that with public-key cryptography: all known public-key protocols require a handshake to establish a common key. We extend the use of broadcast encryption to solve problems that have been traditionally addressed by public-key cryptography: we discuss the xCP cluster protocol, a proposed digital rights management (DRM) system for the home entertainment network, and we illustrate a broadcast-encryption-based content distribution system, which can work without requiring any secrets in the DRM client.     

LicenseScript: a logical language for digital rights management

We propose LicenseScript, a language for digital rights management (Drm) based on multiset rewriting and logic programming. LicenseScript enjoys a precise syntax and semantics, and it is rich enough to embed other rights expression languages (Rel). We show that LicenseScript is expressive and flexible by exploring several application domains representing different aspects ofDrm. We present an implementation. Finally, we extend the core of the language to account for multiple devices in authorized domains.     

Can digital rights management be standardized?

With increasing use of the Internet as a content-distribution platform, mere interoperability of the codec is no longer sufficient if content owners are not prepared to distribute their content online for fear of piracy. Therefore, one also needs interoperability in the area of managing and protecting related intellectual property rights. To provide interoperability of digital rights management (DRM) systems to protect the content rather than the distribution channel, MPEG has embarked on developing intellectual property management and protection (IPMP) specifications targeted at the content itself that are natively built into its standards. It is the hope that such standards will allow for interoperability of content commerce systems, giving consumers more choice, while providing rights holders with the tools to effectively protect their assets and to develop complex and attractive business offering to tempt consumers. While it remains uncertain whether standardization is in fact the right vehicle to provide the e-content market with an impetus to grow, it appears that MPEG is working on a set of specifications with relatively good chances of helping to achieve this goal.     

MPEG-M: A digital media ecosystem for interoperable applications

MPEG-M is a suite of ISO/IEC standards (ISO/IEC 23006) that has been developed under the auspices of Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). MPEG-M, also known as Multimedia Service Platform Technologies (MSPT), facilitates a collection of multimedia middleware APIs and elementary services as well as service aggregation so that service providers can offer users a plethora of innovative services by extending current IPTV technology toward the seamless integration of personal content creation and distribution, e-commerce, social networks and Internet distribution of digital media.     

MPEG-21: goals and achievements

MPEG-21 is an open standards-based framework for multimedia delivery and consumption. It aims to enable the use of multimedia resources across a wide range of networks and devices. We discuss MPEG-21's parts, achievements, ongoing activities, and opportunities for new technologies.     

MPEG-21: The 21st century multimedia framework

The lack of interoperable (and thus standardized) solutions is stalling the deployment of advanced multimedia packaging and distribution applications although most of the individual technologies are indeed already present. This motivated MPEG (ISO/IEC JTCl SC29 WGI I) in June 2000 to start working on the definition of enabling normative technology for the multimedia applications of the 21st century: MPEG-21 "Multimedia Framework." MPEG-21's approach is to define a framework to support transactions that are interoperable and highly automated, specifically taking into account digital rights management (DRM) requirements and targeting multimedia access and delivery using heterogeneous networks and terminals. This article first outlines the context and background of the MPEG-21 initiative. Then, an overview of MPEG-21 technology is given. Subsequently, it is discussed how MPEG-21 can provide solutions for universal multimedia access (UMA). UMA is also one of the use cases that has led to the creation of a new part in MPEG-21 dealing with digital item adaptation. Finally, this article concludes with an overview of MPEG-21 related activities and an outlook on future developments.     

A digital rights management system for digital broadcasting based on home servers

This paper presents a digital rights management (DRM) system for digital broadcasting based on home servers (DBHS) using receivers with large-capacity storage devices. DBHS will enable viewers to enjoy 'television anytime/anywhere' by utilizing these storage functions. Our proposed DRM system is suitable for broadcasting, and allows both rights protection and advanced access to content held on home storage devices (in terms of validity, usage and charge conditions, and so on). We developed a prototype DRM system using a Pentium3 personal computer (1 GHz) in order to evaluate the nonlinear playback and 'trick-play' modes of encrypted content on the hard disk drive (HDD). Using this prototype, we confirmed that the nonlinear playback of content encrypted using the proposed DRM system could be processed in real time. The functionality in terms of trick-play modes was equal to that of commercially available hard disk recorders. In addition, we developed a security module for the DRM system in the form of a smart card with a built-in processor. We confirmed that the proposed DRM system utilizing the new smart card could be applied to DBHS.     

基于P2P的数字版权管理系统体系及协议研究

在分析了P2P网络模式和数字版权管理(DRM)技术体系的基础上,提出了基于P2P模式的DRM系统体系,并对系统体系结构和传输协议进行了研究与探讨.基于体系的拓扑结构,提出了体系功能框架,并对其中内容管理、内容标识、付费机制和质量控制进行分析和设计.同时以数字内容的生命周期和价值链为依据,对体系工作的流程进行了深入探讨.给出了体系的数字内容上传和下载协议,实现了P2P网络模式与DRM技术体系的有效集成.     

Benchmarking of image watermarking algorithms for digital rights management

We discuss the issues related to image watermarking benchmarking and scenarios based on digital rights management requirements. We show that improvements are needed in image quality evaluation, especially related to image geometrical deformation assessments, in risk evaluation related to specific delivery scenarios and in multidimensional criteria evaluation. Efficient benchmarking is still an open issue and we suggest the use of open-source Web-based evaluation systems for collective progress in this domain.     

Video fingerprinting and encryption principles for digital rights management

This paper provides a tutorial and survey of digital fingerprinting and video scrambling algorithms based on partial encryption. Necessary design tradeoffs for algorithm development are highlighted for multicast communication environments. We also propose a novel architecture for joint fingerprinting and decryption that holds promise for a better compromise between practicality and security for emerging digital rights management applications.     

数字版权管理的关键技术

针对当前基于数字水印或者密码学的数字版权管理技术存在的缺陷,介绍了在多媒体环境下实现数字版权管理涉及到的一些关键技术,包括适合多媒体的加密认证技术、能抵抗几何攻击的数字水印技术、基于脆弱水印的图像/视频/音频认证技术和基于统计分析的被动式图像篡改分析和检测方法等,并分析了这些技术的用途及应达到的技术要求。未来的数字版权保护平台应该是综合利用这些先进技术,实现对数字媒体内容的全方位保护。     

数字权益管理对手机彩信的支持

首先介绍和分析数字权益管理的基本概念、方式,然后讨论彩信中数字资源保护的状况,在此基础上提出了将数字权益管理应用于彩信中,分析彩信的组成模块及其与数字权益管理模块的关系,并详细论述了其实现方案。     

正在制定的国际标准——MPEG-21

MPEG－21是一个正在制定的标准,它的正式名称为多媒体框架,能够把现有的技术联系在一起来管理多媒体商务。MPEG-21出了多媒体内容递交方面的一些建议。     

制定中的多媒体框架标准：MPEG—21

随着网络与多媒体技术的发展，各种不同的多媒体信息存在于全球不同的设备上，要想通过异松网络有效地传输这些多媒体信息，必然需要综合地利用不同层次的多媒体技术标准。MPEG-21提出了解决多媒体内容递交方面的一些建议。     

光业务管理是提供多级别城域网业务的关键

随着电信业的发展,传统的运营商和下一代业务提供商为了获得更多的收入而展开了更激烈的竞争。竞争的加剧又促成了新的业务模型的产生,这些新的模型能使运营商通过降低网络成本将其自身与竞争对手区分开来。未来的业务能力将包括按需分配带宽、基于用户的配置、基于使用的计费以及企业网和专用网的线路外租等等。现在标准组织和系统厂商已经将重点放在了窄带和宽带网络基础设施与下一代互连模型的融合上。尽管这样的技术对于业务提供商实现他们的业务和收入目标是十分必要的,但是,这些技术已经不能再为业务提供商和系统厂商提供足够的竞…     

下一代多媒体技术标准：MPEG—21

本介绍了MPEG－21多媒体技术标准的产生背景、目的及其构成，对于其中的关键概念作了解释，并对MPEG－21的数字项作了进一步阐述，最后讲述了MPEG－21发展中必须解决的关键问题。