基于大数据的用户画像构建方法与运用

目的以大数据环境为研究基础,为产品研发初期获取准确性较高的用户画像,优化其构建方法。方法基于定性与定量综合集成方法的三层次理论框架,首先通过定量研究挖掘线上社交平台的多模态用户数据并对其进行文本分析,提取具有高影响的用户属性因子。其次,使用优化模糊C—均值聚类算法(FCM算法)对用户属性因子进行聚类分析,获得几类用户属性原型。将其原型作为构建画像的维度框架,通过线下定性研究方法对样本用户进行调研,挖掘深层次需求动机。最终,构建出几类用户画像原型。结论以中国手机年轻用户相机拍照行为研究对象,通过线上社交平台和电商平台的公开数据获取用户拍照相关的评论信息,对其进行文本挖掘和分析,并对分析后的数据进行提取、聚类和定性研究,从而获得3类不同拍照类型的用户画像模型。     

Towards patient‐centered packaging design: An industry perspective on processes,functions, and constraints

Medication packaging is essential to provide patients with guidance and correct use of their medicines for effective treatment. This research aims to increase knowledge about the medication packaging innovation process and its uptake towards patient‐centered packaging design. The study applied a qualitative research approach based on data from 25 in‐depth interviews with stakeholders involved in medication packaging design. The empirical data analysis revealed four themes that can improve and advance user‐centered packaging design: medication packaging innovation process, medication packaging functions and features, medication packaging design constraints, and patient‐centered medication packaging design. The findings suggest that medication packaging design is strongly affected by an emphasis on protective and safety packaging functions rather than on patients' needs. Packaging innovation usually is constrained by rigid incremental development processes, where compliance with regulations, extensive documentation, avoidance of manufacturing complexity, and considerations on cost prevail. These findings are discussed in relation to the three most evident trade‐offs for patient‐centered design: protection versus openability, utility versus cost, and complexity of manufacturability versus complexity of use. This research contributes with valuable input and additional evidence about the necessary shift to a user‐centered approach in a field that has not been design driven. This input complements previous research and provides an opportunity for industry decision makers and policy makers to lead patient‐centered packaging design that can benefit patients and relieve overloaded health care systems.     

Personal experiences of digital public services access and use: Older migrants’ digital choices

This paper presents a study of the personal experiences of older migrants as they use digital technologies and electronic services. Focusing primarily on digital health and social services, the aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of the digital divide at a micro-level. The concept of digital choice is used to analyse the personal decisions that lead to an engagement with digital technologies and internet services or a disengagement from online tools. A qualitative case study of Russian-speaking migrants in Finland utilised participant observation, interviews, and diaries to gain insights into the adoption of digital public services from the user perspective. This paper contributes to the view of digital engagement as a complex and multifaceted process that involves socio-demographic determinants, as well as individual agency and social context. The key findings of this study show that individual efforts and personal attributes, such as habits, sense of trust, and fears, play critical roles in shaping digital engagement. The context of ongoing digitalisation in the public sphere is discussed as an important push factor influencing the research participants’ adoption and use of digital services.     

群智项目创新潜力的影响因素研究

目的 在群智协同设计背景下,对自组织项目创新潜力的影响因素进行了梳理和分析。方法 基于创新扩散理论和信息接收模型,从用户及项目特征的数量和质量两个维度选取参数去研究其对项目持续创新的影响。结合典型群智协同创新社区——LaunchForth平台,采用数据挖掘和改进RFM项目识别方法对项目创新潜力类型进行划分,结合572项个人项目的创新成功率,分别对高创新成功率、中创新成功率和低创新成功率3类项目进行创新潜力影响因素回归分析、对比及研究。结果 得出群智项目创新潜力影响因素回归模型和群智涌现过程中对不同项目创新成功率的影响指标。结论 提出激发自组织群智项目创新潜力的管理策略——用户存量为王,量变决定质变,对保持自组织项目创新潜力有重要参考价值。且提出一种快速识别项目创新潜力水平的方法,对提升群智协同创新平台初期孵化项目的成功比例有一定指导意义。     

服务设计视角下快餐包装设计研究

目的 通过引入服务设计中利益相关者、用户画像、用户体验地图、接触点研究的方法,对快餐包装进行重新设计.方法 以服务设计理论为基础,第一,对现有快餐包装进行市场调研;第二,通过利益相关者分析快餐销售时的中心用户;第三,对中心用户进行问卷访谈调研,提炼出用户画像;第四,对这些用户画像采用用户体验地图的方式挖掘用户行为痛点和设计的机会点;最后,优化接触点的行为体验,制作出快餐包装的设计模型.结果 设计出方便消费方和销售方使用的快餐包装.结论 通过服务设计的方法可以帮助食品包装在设计上进行突破.利用利益相关者地图可以挖掘不同方面的用户,使用用户体验地图和接触点研究可以深入探索用户痛点,并对其进行设计指导,满足核心用户群对包装的需求,并给出了基于服务设计研究方法下的快餐包装设计实践案例.     

基于Kano模型的编程语言在线学习平台功能需求分析

目的 编程语言在线学习平台是学习编程新知识的重要途径。厘清平台各类功能的用户需求属性,对提升平台服务质量至关重要。方法 采用德尔菲法、Kano模型和Better－Worse系数等多种研究方法,明确了编程语言在线学习平台的服务内涵,构建了包括5个维度、26种功能的编程语言在线学习平台功能需求服务体系,对编程语言在线学习平台的用户需求属性进行了科学归类。结论 根据Better-Worse系数值测度的用户满意度指数及其四象限坐标图,将编程语言在线学习平台的26种功能需求,分为期望型功能需求、魅力型功能需求、基本型功能需求、无差异型功能需求。在上述分析结论基础上,针对不同需求的功能属性对用户满意度的影响特征,提出改进编程语言在线学习平台用户需求的差异化服务策略。     

Sustainability priorities across the strategic and operational level in packaging development

Sustainability is well‐established in many companies' strategic postures. However, executing sustainability‐related goals often lags at the operational level. This study analyses how decision‐making processes in packaging development at different hierarchical levels are characterized in achieving a sustainability consensus. This research focuses on the alignment of the strategic and operational levels of packaging development in relation to the integration of sustainability considerations. This materializes in a stakeholder perspective on packaging development and an analysis of targets aiming for the integration of sustainability considerations in such development processes. The involvement and decision making by internal stakeholders, the involvement of external stakeholders and sustainability target setting are considered as conditions causing the outcome of interest: levels of sustainability implementation on both the strategic and the operational levels of packaging development. By using a set‐theoretic method, we address that different compositions of stakeholder involvement and target setting might cause the same level of sustainability priority at the strategic and operational levels. For data analysis, we use a fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) with empirical data derived from survey responses by packaging experts. This approach is motivated by its ability to address the complexity of the interplay of case characteristics within development processes. The research findings provide several indications of a limited alignment of a company's strategic sustainability ambition with the operational activities of multidisciplinary packaging development teams. The insights on the sustainability‐related configurations of stakeholders and target setting provide guidance for managing projects across the strategic and operational levels in improving sustainable packaging development.     

基于IPA分析人工智能生成的包装设计满意度及策略研究

目的 从消费者感知评价角度出发,对人工智能（AI）生成化妆品包装设计的关键因素进行定量研究,分析其与消费者满意度之间的关系,提供基于AI的包装设计相关开发策略。方法 通过文献研究及用户访谈,综合专家意见构建出包含5个维度共18项因子指标的评价体系;依据评价指标对AI生成的包装设计进行受访者问卷调查;采用IPA模型分析AI生成化妆品包装设计的各项因子指标的重要程度与满意度。结果 研究发现消费者对AI生成包装设计的信息传达度和创意吸引力维度等方面表现出较高的认可度和满意度,而对包装的功能可用性和用户体验性方面则普遍倾向于不满意。结论 增强AI生成包装的实用性和用户体验是提升消费者满意度的关键。可通过现有成熟的包装公模训练AI模型、强化多模态学习丰富数据集、优化AI设计生成过程的可解释性及可控性、构建多元利益相关者参与的创生设计平台等策略提升AI设计的有效性及消费者满意度。     

基于在线评论的考古盲盒用户体验影响因素研究

目的 通过对考古盲盒在线评论进行数据挖掘,分析考古盲盒用户体验形成的影响因素与成因机制,探索考古盲盒用户体验设计的优化方式。方法 基于在线评论的研究方法,采集河南博物院考古盲盒淘宝线上销售平台的在线评论为数据样本,以价值感知质量为分析的理论视角,应用Python软件收集评论数据,依据扎根理论的3级编码程序,借助Nvivo12.0质性分析工具进行3级编码。结果 从情感、社会、功能价值感知3个维度出发,分析出影响考古盲盒用户体验因素3个层级之间的关系,其中情感价值感知质量为首要影响因素,社会价值感知质量为关键影响因素,功能价值感知质量为次要影响因素。结论 对其价值感知质量因素及其子因素的作用机理进行剖析,并由此归纳了考古盲盒用户体验APF3维模型,及其各要素关系与影响机制。     

Medication Packaging and Older Patients: A Systematic Review

The global challenges posed by demographic change call for more senior‐friendly medication packaging. This paper presents a comprehensive integrated view and synthesis of the literature on medication packaging and older people. Considering the multidisciplinary nature of the research field, a systematic review was conducted in four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Medline and Engineering Village), limited to original research studies containing empirical data and English‐language papers, published until January 2015. Manual reference mining was carried out for other relevant papers, and a critical appraisal methodology was applied to judge the quality of the papers. In total, 34 studies are fully reviewed and classified according to the main characteristics of the studies, information about older patients and impact of the packaging on medication use. As a result, the review indicates the literature to be fragmented and diverse yet composed of two major interconnected research streams (physical functionality and user capability; medication management) and orientations (packaging; user). The physical functionality and user capability stream of research with a packaging orientation addresses child‐resistant containers (CRCs), whereas the user‐oriented studies address openability, i.e. the ease of opening the medication. In contrast, the medication management stream of research with a packaging orientation focuses on the adherence outcomes of different package aids, whereas the user‐oriented studies focus on the counselling provided by healthcare professionals and coping strategies for older patients to handle the packages. These original findings provide valuable input to researchers and practitioners and offer guidance for the further development of medication packaging. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于WSR-AHP的社区康复运动公共服务软平台构架研究

目的 针对社区康复运动服务精准化和专业化问题,聚焦运动评估和运动反馈,改善社区康复运动公共服务体验,提升康复效果。方法 以北戴河国际健康城周边社区为例,运用WSR法分别对康复运动物理、事理、人理三部分进行具体分析,明确服务精准化和专业化的功能目标,通过案例分析得出引导、交互、反馈三大服务流程,并收集用户需求,结合层次分析法进行需求权重分析。结果 得出康复运动评估和运动反馈两个重要需求,分别阐述其服务机制,以三大服务流程为基础架构,打通线上和线下,联动家庭-社区-医院,建立社区康复运动公共服务软平台构架,围绕用户行为,形成完整服务流程,并生成用户线上端测试版。结论 通过模糊综合评价法验证了康复运动公共服务软平台的可行性,为社区康复管理服务提供了新的方法和建议,也为智能器械的创新设计提供了新思路。     

网络环境下虚拟产品包装的用户体验研究

阐述了体验经济时代网络环境下的虚拟产品及其包装的概念,通过分析比较虚拟产品的包装与传统产品包装的差别,提出了网络环境下虚拟产品包装的特点。针对网络虚拟产品包装的主流趋势,通过分析介绍虚拟现实技术与用户视听体验、传感技术与用户操作体验以及物联网技术与用户智能体验等3种用户体验形式与相关技术,提出网络虚拟产品包装用户体验的构建基础和设计理念。     

基于信息论的慢病医患沟通移动平台设计研究

目的从信息交换视角分析慢病医患沟通平台中存在的医患交流障碍,提出相应的设计策略,以期提高医生与患者在移动平台沟通的效率。方法基于Shannon和Weaver's提出的通信线性模型,重构医患沟通的信息传递模型,结合案例分析与用户研究,探讨医生与患者在移动交流平台存在的沟通问题及产生原因。结论双方对在线交流的价值感知弱,参与动力不足,是导致医患线上沟通的首要障碍;病人输入的疾病信息失真,加大双方沟通的难度,因移动应用界面设计不当造成的可用性问题增添了用户的理解负担;二者对话中存在的语意噪音形成干扰,使沟通的效率降低。通过设计,可激励双方积极参与交流,赋能信息的持续生成;同时解决界面的可用性问题,助力信息的有效传达,减少语意噪音的干扰;强化医患交流所沉淀的信息的价值,对平台及参与者产生积极影响。     

认知产品和服务中的设计学关联性思考

目的理解设计认知产品和服务的本质,明晰设计面临的问题。方法通过分析理解认知产品和服务的特殊性,分析关联学科和技术的特点理解彼此逻辑关系,认识到认知产品和服务作为一个新领域,给设计学带来机会和挑战,并从设计学角度给有志于从事认知产品开发和设计的人员提供参考。结论在开发认知产品和服务中,促进产生新的设计领域和设计范式。成功的设计需要基于认知科学,利用认知技术,去构建学习中的体验设计和服务设计。     

养老型社区环境下社区农业服务系统设计研究

目的 在大力推行创新型农业的背景下,运用服务设计的方法和工具,构建养老型社区环境下的社区农业服务系统设计。方法 以河北香河大爱养老型社区的服务环境为研究基础,对社区内居民进行用户调研并分析用户需求,归纳设计机会点;通过绘制用户角色模型、利益相关者关系图和服务系统图的方法,构建出包含服务平台“归园”APP在内的社区农业服务系统,并在实践的基础上探索出社区农业服务系统设计的方法。结论 基于河北香河大爱养老型社区服务环境,提出社区农业服务设计系统,促进农业服务模式的创新,维护创新型农业的可持续性发展,使得社区居民得到系统化、规范、开放和便捷的服务,可以为创造优质的城市社区服务环境以及应对商业机遇提供一定理论依据和参考。     

Requirements for packaging from an ageing consumer's perspective

The overall objective of this research was to explore ageing consumers' attitudes towards currently available food packaging in New Zealand. Ninety‐nine individuals (over the age of 60) in New Zealand were surveyed to determine packaging attributes of importance when selecting food products. This was followed with a focus group of 13 individuals to discuss improvements to packaging. Frequencies of responses were calculated for the survey data, and cross‐tabulations and chi‐square tests were used to determine the relationships between variables. Price, safety, size of packaging and ability to recycle were of most importance to these individuals. Problems encountered with food packaging included tight lids, small printing and spillage during opening. Of the types of package closures investigated, opening of packages, rather than resealing of packages proved problematic. Fifty percent or more of respondents indicated that peelable induction seals, lug closures and continuous thread closures were problems that occurred ‘very often’ or ‘frequently’. Sixty‐one percent of the participants surveyed had asked for assistance opening some types of packages, and this was particularly prevalent among individuals who had weakness in their arms, hands or wrists. Changes to package closures suggested during the focus groups included increasing the size of twist off caps, larger ring pulls on aluminium cans and including more sliding resealable closures on foil and plastic packaging. Larger printing on labels was also recommended by the participants. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This article was published online on 1^st December 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both were corrected on 19^th March 2009.     

社会化媒体语境下的饮料包装传播功能研究

目的对饮料包装的品牌传播价值与品牌传播策略进行研究。方法以品牌传播学相关理论为基础,分析社会化媒体基本特征,并结合典型的个案进行研究。结论社会化媒体的出现改变了品牌传播的环境。包装作为连接品牌与消费者的媒介,包装设计要在分析品牌定位和受众人群的基础上对包装进行媒体化改造,以增强包装的传播功能,使其成为品牌传播的重要平台。     

网络微社区影响下文化旅游服务平台设计研究

目的针对市场里的旅游服务平台形形色色,良莠不齐现状造成的功能定位模糊、可用率低、基础用户少、难以形成用户黏度较高的平台健康可持续发展模式等问题,藉由网络微社区角度进行文化旅游服务平台的设计研究探索。方法通过案例分析法、比较分析法收集、整理、分析现有的旅游服务平台设计模式,发现问题,再用POEMO框架进行文化旅游服务平台功能模块的方案设计,并探索UGC模式对服务平台的创新个性化服务模块的正向影响,最终提取优选方案。结论设计了文化旅游服务平台构建的框架,阐述了服务平台建设的主要内容、采用的途径和具有的个性化定制服务,在网络微社区的影响下,将数字技术与文化旅游服务平台设计相结合,为相关服务平台构建提供借鉴和参考。