大断面轴承钢控温轧制工艺与实验研究

在分析轴承钢高温奥氏体再结晶规律的基础上,提出了抑制网状碳化物的控温轧制工艺,即大断面轴承钢采用900 ℃终轧,轧后以大于3 ℃/s的冷速冷却到700～550 ℃.利用有限元技术,模拟分析了工艺的可行性.现场实验结果表明,网状碳化物级别合格率大幅提升到77.3%,效果显著.     

终轧温度对GCr15轴承钢网状碳化物析出的影响

研究了终轧温度(750～900℃)和成品规格(Φ12 mm和Φ5.5 mm)对GCr15轴承钢网状碳化物析出的影响。结果表明,当轧制规格为Φ12 mm、终轧温度为800℃时,碳化物网状级别最低,为1.5,终轧温度降至750℃时,碳化物网状级别增加至2.0;当轧制规格为Φ5.5 mm、终轧温度为850℃时,碳化物网状级别最低,为1.5,终轧温度在800℃时碳化物网状级别又升高至2.5。小规格轧材终轧温度过低,不利于网状碳化物析出的抑制,最佳终轧温度与轧制规格有关。     

大断面轴承钢控轧控冷节能工艺研究

大断面轴承钢由于心部温度下降缓慢，容易引起碳化物成网状析出，破坏其使用性能。传统工艺中必须采用正火热处理加以消除。本文将控制轧制和控制冷却相结合，利用计算机模拟给出了轴承圆钢轧后冷却过程中的温度场分布，提出合理的控轧控冷工艺，从而取代正火工艺，达到节能、优化生产工序目的。     

轴承钢GCr15棒材产品低温精轧的研究

采用国外引进的可实现低温精轧的生产线，对轴承钢GCr15棒材产品进行了低温精轧，通过低温精轧降低了网状碳化物级别，减少了球化退火时间。研究得到了低温精轧轧制GCr15时以控制网状碳化物级别为目标的轧制温度范围为750～840℃，轧后冷却温度范围为600～680℃，同时也研究得到了低温精轧轧制GCr15时以控制网状碳化物级别及减少球化退火时间为目标的轧制温度范围为750～800℃，轧后冷却温度范围为600～680℃。通过该研究网状碳化物级别达到了2级以下，球化退火时间由原18h减少到了11h。     

HRB400盘螺控温控冷技术试验

对HRB400盘螺产品组织演变进行热模拟试验,研究了控制轧制及轧后控冷过程中多种因素对组织性能的影响。优化了化学成分、制定了较合理的控轧控冷工艺参数,轧钢控温控冷工艺。稳定了盘螺的力学性能,降低了生产成本。     

高碳铬轴承钢棒材轧后控冷工艺

阐述了轧后控冷工艺的机理,介绍了在特殊钢分公司连轧棒材线上运用轧后控冷技术,细化高碳铬轴承钢球化前的预备组织,获得片层间距较细的片状珠光体,在球化退火后,组织均匀细小,可获得细小弥散的碳化物颗粒,使网状碳化物级别≤2.5级,保证了产品质量。运用轧后控冷技术代替正火工艺,降低了生产成本。     

攀长特GCr15SiMn棒材网状碳化物控制工艺研究

我公司采用传统工艺生产规格为Ф70~75mm的GCr15SiMn棒材,成品检验网状碳化物≥3.0级,不能满足用户要求。通过查阅相关研究报道,对网状碳化物组织及其影响机理进行研究分析,结合生产现场实际条件,采取控轧控冷的方式,成功改善了产品网状碳化物,控制网状碳化物级别小于1.5级,完全满足用户要求。     

400 MPa级縮微合金化抗震钢的控轧控冷工艺实践

在化学成分合理设计的基础上HRB400E钢(/%:0.21～0.25C,0.40～0.65Si,1.40～1.55Mn,≤0.040P,≤0.040S,0.015～0.025Nb,0.005～0.008N),研究了不同加热温度及控轧控冷温度对力学性能、金相组织和钢筋表面时效锈蚀的影响。提出了最佳的轧制温度参数:加热温度为1140～1170℃、开轧温度为1 040～1 060℃,精轧温度为1000～1030℃,终轧后的冷床温度是870～890℃。结果表明,铌微合金化HRB400E钢屈服强度450-475MPa,其析出物主要为粒径大小为300～600nm的Nb(C,N),分布在网状碳化物上、网状碳化物边缘以及晶界附近的晶粒内部。     

大断面轴承钢棒材超快速冷却工业化试验

针对国内某钢厂大断面轴承钢棒材连铸连轧后(棒材直径≥60 mm)先共析碳化物网状等级超标问题,通过对前期的研究工作进行归纳总结,在保证连铸连轧的基础上设置新型水冷系统并进行超快速冷却工业化试验,检验冷却到室温后棒材微观组织性能和先共析碳化物网状等级。试验结果表明:通过高温终轧后设定合理的超快速冷却工艺参数可以显著提高棒材表层以及芯部的冷却速率,抑制强碳化物形成元素的晶界处偏析。超快冷后棒材的室温微观组织均为片层珠光体。晶界处先共析碳化物的网状析出得到消除,仅在棒材芯部有少量碳化物呈弥散分布,碳化物网状等级符合行业标准。     

控轧控冷技术的发展和应用

介绍了控轧控冷工艺的发展历史、工艺原理以及控轧控冷工艺和常规轧制在改善钢材显微组织、晶粒尺寸方面的对比情况,说明了采用控轧控冷技术是生产高性能钢材的必然趋势.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)