电镀污泥中铜和镍的回收

研究了从铜镍电镀两泥中回收铜和镍的工艺,确定了萃取分离铜和镍的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,以M5640为萃取剂,硫酸溶液为反萃取剂。经萃取分离后,铜的回收率大于90％,镍的回收率大于95％。     

从电镀污泥中回收铜和镍

本文研究了从铜镍电镀污泥中回收铜和镍的工艺,确定了萃取分离铜和镍的最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明,以M5640为萃取剂,硫酸溶液为反萃取剂,经萃取分离后．铜的回收率大于90％,镍的回收率大于95％。     

废金刚石刀具中铜钴镍的回收工艺研究

为了使废金刚石刀具循环再生和综合利用，以废金刚石刀具为原料，通过盐酸浸溶、氧化还原、钴镍分离等过程，系统地研究了金刚石、碳化钨、铜粉、钴粉和镍粉的回收工艺，并优化了最佳工艺参数。结果表明，金属钴和镍的回收率可达96％，而纯度在98％以上。该方法工艺简单，回收率高，经济效益显著。     

高镁贫镍红土矿煤基还原制备镍铁合金

以含Ni 0.82%、含MgO 31.49%的高镁贫镍红土矿为原料,采用煤基直接还原熔炼方法制备镍含量高于7%的镍铁合金,对产物进行了表征,通过正交实验确定了最优工艺条件.结果表明,原矿主要由蛇纹石、石英和氧化镁组成,81.49%的镍元素取代镁或以吸附态分布于蛇纹石中.温度高于1500℃熔炼过程才能顺利进行.通过L_9(3~3)正交实验确定的最优工艺条件为:熔炼温度1600℃,配碳比C/O=2.0,焙烧时间45 min.该条件下制备出了镍品位7.19%、镍铁含量84.23%的球状镍铁合金,Ni回收率为82%.     

从含镍废料中提取高纯氧化镍新工艺研究

对传统的回收镍工艺的除铜工段，沉淀工段提出了改进，解决了除铜H2S的污染，同时使产品氧化镍纯度达到77．3％，镍的回收率达到95．8％。     

废镍触媒氨浸法制取一氧化镍

介绍了利用废镍催化剂制取一氧化镍的新工艺。进一步提高了镍的回收率,使镍的回收率达95%以上。产品质量达国家工业品标准。     

从蛇纹石中提取回收镍的实验研究

为了探讨蛇纹石中镍的浸取与富集的有效方法,进行了蛇纹石浸出液浸取条件选择及浸出液的净化与铁镍混合物的回收试验.结果表明:采用盐酸浸出工艺,镍浸出率为96.47%,浸出液经净化沉镍,可得含镍1.48%的铁镍混合物,达到了工业品位要求,镍的回收率为83.77%.     

从镍精矿中提取镍铁合金的还原工艺

以镍含量为19.5%的镍精矿为原料,采用氧化焙烧-氢气还原-磁选分离的方法制备了镍铁合金粉. 单因素实验表明,增加还原温度和还原时间以及氧化产物平均粒度在2.25 mm左右均有利于镍铁品位的提高,而增加氢气流量不利于镍铁品位的提高. 设计L9(34)正交实验,确定了最佳工艺条件：还原温度900℃,还原时间8 h,氢气流量1.784 mL/s,氧化产物平均粒度2.25 mm. 利用此方法制备出镍品位56.8%、镍铁含量93.2%的镍铁合金粉,Ni回收率为87.0%.     

高碳镍钼矿碱性还原熔炼-水浸分离与提取镍钼

在理论分析的基础上,以贵州遵义镍钼矿为原料,提出了镍钼矿碱性还原熔炼?水浸提钼的清洁冶金新工艺,考察了Na2CO3用量、温度、还原剂用量、反应时间对镍还原率及钼浸出率的影响,在最优条件下进行了扩大实验. 结果表明,在碱性介质及强还原气氛下,镍钼矿中的镍被还原成高品位镍铁合金,钼转化为可溶性的钼酸盐;最佳工艺条件为Na2CO3用量为理论量的2倍、熔炼温度1000℃、还原剂添加量为镍钼矿的5wt%、反应时间1.5 h. 最佳条件下扩大实验金属镍回收率为94.92%,金属钼挥发率为9.36%,浸出率为99.94%,固硫率接近100%,得到了高品位镍铁合金和含钼浸出液,镍钼有效分离.     

ICP-AES法测定绿茶中镍含量

为监测绿茶中污染元素镍分布范围,本文采用微波消解方法,以电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测定绿茶样品中镍含量。方法线性关系良好,经国家标准物质GBW10052验证,结果稳定可靠。方法检出限为9μg/L,相对标准偏差为1. 6%,加标回收率为96. 3%～100. 6%。测定了11个绿茶样品,得到镍含量范围为1. 75～16. 02 mg/kg,其中有1个样品镍含量达到16. 02 mg/kg,明显大于其他样品。     

Recovery of nickel from spent catalysts using ultrasonication‐assisted leaching

BACKGROUND: Solid catalysts containing metals or metal oxides play a key role in the chemical process industries to produce valuable products and fuels and consequently are left as solid wastes after a certain period of use. Disposal of these spent catalysts requires compliance with stringent environmental regulations because of their hazardous nature and content of toxic chemicals. Therefore recovery of the metals by various methods has been explored. In the present study recovery of nickel from spent nickel catalysts using ultrasonication‐assisted leaching has been investigated. RESULT: The effect on nickel recovery of acid concentration, temperature, solid to liquid (S:L) ratio, and time of digestion were studied in detail and optimized for the ultrasonication route. The results obtained are compared with the chelation route and conventional acid leaching technique. Using ultrasonication‐assisted leaching 95% extraction of nickel was achieved at 90 °C, 40% nitric acid concentration and S:L ratio 1:10 (g:mL) in 50 min from the spent nickel–alumina catalysts. CONCLUSION: Using an ultrasonication technique 95% recovery of nickel was significantly faster (50 min) than the chelation route (7 h), while with conventional acid leaching a maximum of 93% nickel recovery was obtained in 9 h. Compared with conventional acid leaching the purity of leached nickel salts was good and they could be recycled for the preparation of fresh catalysts after removing Al impurities. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

从废高温合金中回收镍钴的工艺

采用热酸浸溶-置换沉铜-针铁矿法除铁铬-N235萃取工艺处理高温合金废料,成功地回收了其中的钴、镍,提纯后得到氯化镍和氯化钴溶液,溶液可根据需要进一步加工成不同的镍、钴制品,钴回收率91.8%,镍回收率97.2%.     

废镍触媒的综合利用工艺研究

扼要介绍了工业废镍催化剂的综合利用工艺研究。对其主成分Ni和Al均加以回收利用,分别制取结晶硫酸镍、氢氧化铝及氧化铝。产品质量达国家工业标准。Ni回收率高达90％。     

笼状磷酸酯PEPA的合成工艺改进

研究了阻燃剂中间体双环茏状磷酸酯1-氧基磷杂-4-羟甲基-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(PEPA)的合成,并对其合成时的物料配比、溶剂种类、反应温度、反应时间及后处理方式进行了系统研究,改进了工艺.在物料比0.9～1,二氧六环为溶剂,梯度升温反应7 h,采用乙醇洗涤后处理的工艺条件下,将产率由文献报道的85%提高到了96%,纯度达96%以上,溶剂回收率达95%.采用红外、核磁、元素分析及液相色谱等对产品进行了表征.     

Separation and Recovery of Nickel and Cadmium from Spent Cd—Ni Storage Batteries and Their Process Wastes

Abstract

Several typical methods for the recovery and separation of cadmium and nickel from Ni- and Cd-bearing wastes are briefly described. Laboratory- and large-scale experiments were respectively developed to improve the processes for the recovery and treatment of cadmium and nickel. A high degree of purity of recovered cadmium was obtained. Yields of >95% for nickel and >99.66% for cadmium were obtained. The large-scale experimental process involves no secondary pollution, and it decreases and sometimes eliminates the disposal of spent process streams. A plant in China has established a production line based on the large-scale process, and a large number of benefits in cadmium recovery from spent alkaline Ni—Cd storage batteries and their process wastes have resulted.     

Recovery of nickel powder from copper bleed electrolyte of an Indian copper smelter by electrolysis

When nickel concentration increases in the copper sulphate electrolyte during electrolysis, it starts electrodepositing on the copper cathode thereby affecting the purity of the copper. In order to produce high quality copper cathodes with less than 1 ppm Ni, it became necessary to bleed-off large volumes of foul electrolyte contaminated with nickel and other impurities. The study reported in this paper was part of the effort aimed at devising a cost effective and an ecofriendly method for the production of value added powders from a waste stream, for P/M application. A part of copper salts and regenerated acid was used back into the system. As discussed in our paper on copper recovery from copper bleed stream (CBS), a process involving decopperisation and crystallisation-solvent extraction (SX) separation-electrowinning (EW) has been attempted as an alternative to the conventional process. Optimum conditions for nickel recovery from this type of solution have been investigated through a series of experiments carried out in a rectangular electrolytic bath with SS as cathode and Pb-Sb as anode. A quantitative and selective recovery was found for nickel deposition under suitable conditions. The purity of the electrolytic nickel powders so produced was found to be 99.89%. The compact density of the annealed nickel powder was 7.72 g/cc. Other properties of the nickel powders such as flow-ability, particle size, etc. were also evaluated to assess its suitability for its use in P/M applications.     

膜电解法在处理酸性含镍废水中的研究

针对人造金刚石厂的含镍废水,在常规电解方法的基础上,采用膜电解法对该含镍废水的处理和金属镍回收进行了研究,通过对不同条件下的阴、阳膜及组合方式的效果和优缺点进行比较。结果表明单阴膜法在处理pH值为0.5～1.0,初始镍的质量浓度为1000～2000mg/L的废水应用中有更好的处理效果。当电解的电流150mA,电压5V时,电解时间控制在8～10h,10h后离子交换富集,循环使用,其平均电流效率为78.4%,金属镍的回收率达到79.3%且纯度较高。     

促进剂对回收镍电解阳极泥中硫的影响研究

采用热过滤法并加入促进剂来回收镍电解阳极泥中的元素硫。主要研究了促进剂的种类、热过滤温度、渣剂质量比、保温时间对回收镍电解阳极泥中的元素硫的影响。结果表明:采用单一促进剂CZ,硫回收率为77.93%;采用单一促进剂TMTD,硫回收率为78.4%;采用TMTD与CZ的复合促进剂,TMTD与CZ的质量比为2∶1,温度为165℃,保温时间为30 min,硫回收率最高可达91.2%。     

PU-I吸附剂开发及工程应用

介绍了CO分离技术的进展,PU-I吸附剂的性能,PU-I吸附剂在工程使用过程中达到的结果:采用PU-I吸附剂的PSA技术从水煤气、半水煤气等气源中提纯CO时,可获得纯度大于99%CO,回收率大于85%;并讨论了CO纯度对羰基合成和光气化反应的影响。     

裂解碳五馏分分离苯及双环戊二烯产品的技术研究

辽阳石化公司的裂解碳五馏分中除了单烯、双烯和单烷烃外,还富含苯、双环戊二烯（包括环戊二烯）,w（苯）和w（双环戊二烯）分别为18.6%和20%左右。本文探索采用简单、合理的工艺将苯及双环戊二烯产品分离出来,并最终达到苯纯度为85%～88%,收率≥90%;双环戊二烯纯度≥80%,收率≥70%的实验目标。