云母与成核剂复配改性PP

采用云母和成核剂填充改性聚丙烯(PP),研究了复合材料的力学性能、结晶性能及耐热性能。结果表明:云母可有效提高PP的弯曲强度及模量、悬臂梁缺口冲击强度和耐热性能;少量成核剂NA11和表面活性剂硬脂酸钙可使PP/云母复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量及悬臂梁缺口冲击强度较纯PP分别提高10.4%,32.9%,92.6%,9.2%,热变形温度由纯PP的105℃提高到135℃;云母及NA11对PP具有异相成核作用,复合材料的结晶温度明显提高,晶粒细化、致密。     

赤泥改性PP复合材料制备及结晶性能与力学性能研究

采用赤泥作为无机填料,添加到聚丙烯(PP)中,制备出赤泥/PP复合材料。实验分别采用FTIR、DSC、PLM及力学性能测试仪器研究了改性前后赤泥的结构及对PP的熔融结晶性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,赤泥的加入提高了PP的结晶温度和结晶速率,PP晶体尺寸细化。赤泥具有明显的异相成核作用,经表面修饰的赤泥(TRM)异相成核效果降低。当TRM含量为15%时,TRM/PP复合材料的冲击性能最佳,随着赤泥的含量的增加,复合材料弯曲强度逐渐提高。     

PP/改性高岭土复合材料的制备及性能

采用液态三元乙丙橡胶(LEPDM)对高岭土进行表面改性，然后与聚丙烯(PP)熔融共混，制得了PP/改性高岭土复合材料，采用氧指数测定仪、熔体流动速率仪(MFR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对比分析了高岭土和改性高岭土对PP力学性能、加工性能、阻燃性能和微观形貌的影响。结果表明：高岭土及改性高岭土均会改善PP的力学性能、加工性能和阻燃性能。当填料含量相同时，PP/改性高岭土复合材料的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度和加工性能均优于PP/高岭土复合材料，PP/高岭土复合材料的阻燃性能和弹性模量均优于PP/改性高岭土复合材料。当改性高岭土质量分数为10%时，PP/改性高岭土复合材料的缺口冲击强度和MFR均达到最大，分别为12.63 kJ/m²和1.75 g/10 min。     

滑石粉与有机成核剂复配改性抗冲击共聚聚丙烯

采用滑石粉和有机成核剂复配改性抗冲击共聚聚丙烯(PP),研究了改性PP的力学性能、结晶性能和耐热性能。结果表明:滑石粉可以有效提高PP的拉伸屈服应力、弯曲模量、常温简支梁缺口冲击强度和洛氏硬度;滑石粉和质量分数为0.30%的有机成核剂复配,使PP/滑石粉/有机成核剂复合材料的弯曲模量,洛氏硬度,常温、低温简支梁缺口冲击强度分别提高了11.9%,13.5%,156.5%,9.7%,负荷变形温度由PP的68.7℃提高到76.2℃;滑石粉和质量分数为0.30%的有机成核剂复配对PP具有异相成核作用,使PP/滑石粉/有机成核剂复合材料的结晶温度升高,晶粒细化、致密。     

改性剂对废弃玻璃钢/聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

实验采用熔融共混-模压法制备了废弃玻璃钢(WGFRP)/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。研究了硅烷偶联剂KH550表面改性WGFRP、改性聚丙烯(MAPP)添加量以及乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)的使用对WGFRP/PP复合材料性能的影响。实验结果表明,KH-550表面改性WGFRP能使复合材料性能小幅度提高,MAPP可使复合材料的拉伸和弯曲强度分别提高28.63%、20.13%,添加POE后,复合材料的断裂伸长率和冲击强度增幅分别达到152.36%、45.43%。扫描电镜图片显示,多种改性剂的加入有效改善了WGFRP和PP的界面粘合程度,宏观表现为复合材料性能提高。     

改性剑麻纤维含量对聚丙烯性能的影响

研究了偶联处理后的剑麻纤维(SF)对聚丙烯(PP)性能的影响,以马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)作为界面相容剂,制备了PP/SF/PP-g-MAH复合材料,考察了改性SF含量对PP/SF/PP-g-MAH复合材料流动性能、热性能、燃烧性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当SF含量由零增加到30%(质量分数,下同)时,PP/SF/PP-g-MAH复合材料的熔体流动速率降低了3.1g/10min,维卡软化温度升高了5.1℃,拉伸强度升高了6.0MPa,弯曲强度升高了20.7MPa,缺口冲击强度降低了3.1kJ/m~2,无缺口冲击强度降低了60kJ/m~2。     

PE–HD/改性剑麻纤维复合材料的制备及性能

以高密度聚乙烯(PE–HD)为基体材料,剑麻纤维(SF)为增强填充材料,利用不同的偶联剂(硅烷偶联剂,钛酸酯偶联剂)改性SF,用熔融共混法制备一系列PE–HD/SF复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜、广角X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪、维卡软化仪及万能试验机等测试了复合材料的微观形貌、结晶性能、热及力学性能。结果表明,偶联剂改性的SF与PE–HD有着较好的界面结合,SF的添加使得PE–HD的结晶度下降,热变形温度提高;与未改性的SF相比,当硅烷偶联剂改性SF添加量为10%时,PE–HD基复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度明显提高。     

PP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能的研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/硅灰石复合材料,考察了硅灰石表面处理及其用量对PP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:硅灰石粉体经偶联剂甜菜碱(CAB)表面改性处理后,其填充复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂强度和冲击强度均比未处理体系有所提高。随着改性硅灰石用量的增加,PP/硅灰石复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂强度均先升后降,其中当改性硅灰石用量为10 phr时,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂强度均达到最大值,分别比纯PP提高了17%和63%;另外,当改性硅灰石用量为40 phr时,复合材料的冲击强度达到最大值(2.59 kJ/m2),比纯PP提高了29%。     

聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐增容聚氨酯/聚丙烯复合体系

采用热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)对聚丙烯(PP)进行增韧改性,选取TPU/PP质量分数比10/90的配方添加聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(MAH-g-PP)进行增容改性。通过拉伸测试、冲击测试表征力学性能,差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射(WAXD)表征结晶性能,动态流变测试表征TPU和PP的相容性。结果显示,TPU对PP有明显的增韧作用,TPU质量分数25%时,冲击强度达到6 610.9 J/m²,较纯PP提高了1.66倍,MAH-g-PP增容后,TPU/PP复合材料的冲击强度继续提高,MAH-g-PP质量分数0.6%时,冲击强度达到7 693.1 J/m²。TPU和PP共混促进了PP β晶型的形成,使结晶度下降,结晶温度升高,MAH-g-PP增容使TPU/PP复合材料结晶度和结晶温度都提高,2.4%MAH-g-PP增容TPU/PP(10/90)的复合材料结晶温度、结晶度和半结晶时间分别达到123.7℃、38.9%及0.31 min,同时,体系中的β晶型消失。     

聚丙烯／镧化合物改性超细碳酸钙复合材料的研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯/镧化合物改性超细碳酸钙(PP/UCaCO3-La^3 )和聚丙烯/超细碳酸钙(PP/UCaCO3)两种复台材料.力学性能测试表明：复合材料的冲击强度随着填料用量的增加先增后减，拉伸强度则递减.PP/UCaCO3-La^3 的冲击强度高于PP/UCaCO3，可提高至PP的3倍以上?透射电镜和扫描电镜分析表明：UCaCO3-La^3 在PP中具有很好的分散性，随着镧化合物用量的增加而进一步改善.DSC分析表明，UCaCO3-La^3 可显著提高复合材料的结晶温度和结晶度，结晶性能的改善是材料冲击强度提高的重要原因.热重分析结果表明：与UCaCO3相比，UCaCO3-La^3 对提高PP热稳定性的贡献更为显著.     

超支化聚合物对聚丙烯/剑麻纤维复合材料性能影响

为改善剑麻纤维(SF)与聚丙烯(PP)之间的相容性,在PP/SF复合材料中添加超支化聚酯(H101)、超支化环氧树脂(E102),研究了两种超支化聚合物(HBP)的热稳定性及对PP/SF复合材力学性能、熔体流动性和微观形貌的影响。热重分析表明,所使用的HBP均具有较好的热稳定性;扫描电子显微镜分析发现,HBP的加入使基体与纤维结合得更加紧密;力学性能测试表明,H101可不同程度地提高复合材料的拉伸、弯曲及冲击强度;E102可提高复合材料的拉伸及冲击强度,当E102含量为10%时,与PP/SF复合材料相比,冲击强度提高了72.24%。尽管HBP含量较高时复合材料的力学性能提高,但HBP会降低复合材料的熔体流动速率,选择HBP含量时需要综合考虑。     

Mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene/modified basalt fabric composites

Basalt fabric (BF) was first treated with silane coupling agent KH550, modified basalt fabric (MBF) was obtained. Then MBF were molded with polypropylene (PP) matrix, and polypropylene/modified basalt fabrics (PP/MBF) composites were obtained. The influence of concentration and treating time of KH550 on MBF were characterized by hydrophilicity and lipophilicity. The tensile strength and morphology of basalt fabric were tested by single filament strength tester and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of composites were measured with electronic universal testing machine and impact testing machine, and the thermal properties were tested by thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results showed that the lipophilicity of MBF is improved significantly by KH550 while the tensile is nearly damaged. The mechanical properties of composites are larger than that of pure PP, among which the impact property was improved the most, showing 194.12% enhancement. The thermal stability and dynamic viscoelasticity were better than pure PP; furthermore, the concentration of KH550 virtually had no effect on the thermal stability. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42504.     

剑麻纤维与晶须混杂增强聚丙烯复合材料

采用熔融共混和注塑成型方法制得了剑麻短纤维(SF)和CaSO4晶须混杂增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料，研究了复合材料的热性能、微观结构和力学性能。结果表明，晶须提高了复合材料的热稳定性，阻碍了PP的结晶，降低了复合材料中PP相的结晶度和结晶速率；SF和晶须提高了复合材料的模量和韧性，但由于混杂增强复合材料弱界面键合的制约，晶须的高强性能并没有在复合材料中充分表现出来。     

聚丙烯/n-SiO2复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了PP/纳米SiO2复合材料,并通过力学性能测试、DSC分析以及材料断面形貌分析等手段,对增强增韧效果进行了研究。结果表明,加入纳米SiO2能提高了PP的结晶速率,使结晶度增大。当纳米SiO2的质量分数为2%时可使PP/nSiO2复合材料的缺口冲击强度提高2倍,拉伸强度稍微下降。     

剑麻纤维/聚丙烯木塑复合材料的热氧老化性能研究

以剑麻纤维(SF)、聚丙烯(PP)为原料,经熔融共混、模压成型工艺制备木塑复合材料。探讨了SF/PP复合材料的力学性能、热性能随老化时间和SF含量的变化规律,借助扫描电镜对复合材料老化前后的冲击断面进行微观结构分析。结果表明:老化后复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量随剑麻含量的增加而降低;同时,复合材料中PP相的结晶速率、结晶度也有所降低,但复合材料的热稳定性基本没有变化。     

Polypropylene and potato starch biocomposites: Physicomechanical and thermal properties

To determine the possibility of using starch as biodegradable filler in the thermoplastic polymer matrix, starch‐filled polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared by extrusion of PP resin with 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt % of potato starch in corotating twin‐screw extruder. The extruded strands were cut into pellets and injection molded to make test specimens. These specimens were tested for physicomechanical properties such as tensile and flexural properties, Izod impact strength, density, and water absorption. These PP composites were further characterized by melt flow index (MFI), vicat softening point (VSP), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. It was found that, with increase in starch content, tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of the PP composites increased along with the increase in moisture, water absorption, and density, while retaining the VSP; but, tensile strength and elongation, impact strength, hardness, and MFI of the PP composites also decreased. DSC analysis of the PP composite revealed the reduction in melting temperature, heat of fusion, and percentage of crystallization of PP with increase in starch content. Similarly, TGA traces display enhanced thermal degradability for PP as starch content increases. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Sisal fibre/polypropylene composites modified with carboxyl terminated hyperbranched polymer

Abstract

In this study, polypropylene (PP)/sisal fibre (SF)/carboxyl terminated hyperbranched polymer (CTHP) composites were prepared by using short SF as the reinforcement, PP as the matrix and CTHP as a compatiliser. The impact fracture surface of PP/SF composites and the interfacial compatibility between PP and SF were analysed. Experimental results showed that the impact strength and flexural strength of PP/SF composites modified with the CTHP (2 wt-% of SF) were 21·5 and 9·7% higher than that of unmodified systems respectively. The SEM photomicrographs of the fracture surfaces have also shown that PP was highly bonded to the SF in the CTHP treated composites; wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurement indicated that the CTHP did not change the crystal structure of PP and was still a-type crystal. Moreover, the addition of a small amount of the CTHP was helpful to improve water resistance of SF/LGF/PP composites.     

Phase morphology,thermomechanical, and crystallization behavior of uncompatibilized and PP‐g‐MAH compatibilized polypropylene/polystyrene blends

In this article, we discuss the phase morphology, thermal, mechanical, and crystallization properties of uncompatibilized and compatibilized polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS) blends. It is observed that the Young's modulus increases, but other mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, elongation at break, and impact strength decrease by blending PS to PP. The tensile strength and Young's modulus of PP/PS blends were compared with various theoretical models. The thermal stability, melting, and crystallization temperatures and percentage crystallinity of semicrystalline PP in the blends were marginally decreased by the addition of amorphous PS. The presence of maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene (compatibilizer) increases the phase stability of 90/10 and 80/20 blends by preventing the coalescence. Hence, finer and more uniform droplets of PS dispersed phases are observed. The compatibilizer induced some improvement in impact strength for the blends with PP matrix phase, however fluctuations in modulus, strength and ductility were observed with respect to the uncompatibilized blend. The thermal stability was not much affected by the addition of the compatibilizer for the PP rich blends but shows some decrease in the thermal stability of the blends, where PS forms the matrix. On the other hand, the % crystallinity was increased by the addition of compatibilizer, irrespective of the blend concentration. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42100.     

HGB的表面改性对PP／HGB复合材料力学性能和结晶性能的影响

采用KH550硅烷偶联剂和硝酸钕分别对空心玻璃微珠进行表面改性;熔融共混挤出法制备PP／HGB复合材料;研究复合材料的力学性能,并采用差示扫描量热法研究PP／HGB复合材料的非等温结晶过程。利用Jeziorny方程对PP和PP／HGB复合材料进行非等温结晶动力学的研究。结果表明：未经表面改性的HGB与PP的界面结合力差,复合材料的综合力学性能较差。HGB经过KH550和硝酸钕表面改性后,提高了与PP的界面黏结力,复合材料的力学性能得以提高,并且经过KH550和硝酸钕表面改性的HGB可以小幅提高复合材料的结晶度,但降低PP的结晶速率。