PP-g-DBM增容PP/PA6共混物的性能研究

采用ＰＰ－ｇ－ＤＢＭ增容ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混物,研究了增容共混物的力学性能和流变行为。结果表明,ＰＰ－ｇ－ＤＢＭ能改善ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混物的相容性,显著提高共混物的力学性能;增容共混物的假塑性行为变强,粘流活化能增加熔体流动速率下降。     

MAH—g—PP对PP／EVAL共混体系的增容作用

系统研究了不同组成及配比的马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（ＭＡＨ－ｇ－ＰＰ）及其用量对聚丙烯（ＰＰ）与乙烯－乙烯醇共聚物（ＥＶＡＬ）的共混体系（ＰＰ／ＥＶＡＬ）力学性能借用Ｂｒａｂｅｎｄｅｒ塑化仪测试了ＰＰ／ＥＶＡＬ／ＭＡＨ－ｇ－ＰＰ共混体系的加工性能。结果表明,ＭＡＨ－ｇ－Ｐ接枝物对ＰＰ／ＥＶＡＬ共混体系有较好的增容作用,适量加入,可使ＰＰ／ＥＶＡＬ共混体系的力学性能明显提高,而加工性能基本不变。     

聚丙烯熔融接枝马来酸二丁酯增容聚丙烯／尼龙6的研究

研究了聚丙烯（ＰＰ）与马来酸二丁酯（ＤＢＭ）的接枝共聚物ＰＰｇＤＢＭ对聚丙烯／尼龙６（ＰＰ／ＰＡ６）共混物的增容作用。研究表明,ＰＰｇＤＢＭ是ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混体系的有效增容剂,由于共混过程中就地生成ＰＰｇＰＡ６,改善了共混物的相容性,增加了两相界面的粘合,使分散相粒径减小,分散更均匀,提高了共混物的力学性能。增容剂接枝率的高低对增容效果有一定影响,接枝物中残留单体不影响增容效果     

甲基丙烯酸固相接枝聚丙烯及其增容研究

本文研究了甲基丙烯酸固相接枝聚丙烯及其增容效果。讨论了反应温度、反应时间、引发剂ＢＰＯ浓度、单体ＭＡＡ浓度对接枝率的影响，接枝物用红外光谱进行表征。结果表明：当实验条件在反应时间为２．５ｈ，反应温度为１１５℃，ＢＰＯ用量为１．５％、ＭＡＡ／ＰＰ为０．２０／１时，可获得最大接枝率１２．５％。红外光谱分析证明ＰＰ已接枝上ＭＡＡ，得到了ＰＰ－ｇ—ＭＡＡ接枝共聚物。固相接枝ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＡ可作为ＰＰ－高岭土复合材料的增容剂，它明显改善了两相的相间结合，改善了复合材料的力学性能。     

低密度聚乙烯接枝烯基双酚A醚对HDPE／PC共混体系性能的影响

本文采用烯基双酚Ａ醚接枝低密度聚乙烯（ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ）作为高密度聚乙烯／聚碳酸酯（ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ）共混体系的增容剂,初步研究了ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ体系性能的影响。通过对共混物形态观察、耐热性能及力学性能测试,发现ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ体系有良好的增容效果;并发现了增容剂的最佳用量质量比大致为１０％,提高增容剂的接枝率更有利于改善共混物的性能。６５／３５ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ共混物的ＨＤＴ为９２℃,拉伸强度３０２ＭＰａ,冲击强度２９８ｋＪ／ｍ２,分别比未加增容剂时的８２℃,２７３ＭＰａ和１５５ｋＪ／ｍ２有较大提高。     

新型聚丙烯固相接枝物增容聚丙烯／尼龙6共混物的研究

研究了聚丙烯与马来酸酐,甲基丙烯酸甲酯及第三单体的固相接枝共聚物「ＰＰ－ｇ（ＭＡＨ－ＭＭＡ－ＴＭ）」对聚丙烯／尼龙６（ＰＰ／ＰＡ６）共混物的增容作用。结果表明,新表明ＰＰ固相接枝物能有效地改善ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混物的相容性,增加两相界面的粘合作用,显著提高共混物的力学性能,增容后体系假塑性增加,熔体粘度上升,活化能增加。     

PA1010／PP—g—ATBS／PP共混体系的形态与性能

采有向向双螺杆杆挤出机制备了不同组成的ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ及ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＴＢＳ／ＰＰ的共混物。采用聚丙烯接枝丙烯酰胺基甲基丙烷磺酸共聚物（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＴＢＳ）作为增容剂来研究对ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ共混体系形态与力学性能的影响，研究不同增容剂含量对ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ共混物的力学性能，形态结构的影响。     

PP—g—AA增容尼龙1010／聚丙烯三元共混体系性能研究

用反应挤出方法制备了聚丙烯接枝丙烯酸。用电子显微镜观测了不同ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＡ含量的ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ／ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＡ三元共混物的形态。与没有加ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＡ的共混体系相比，增容共混中分散相尺寸明显减小，两相间镶嵌更深。ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＡ作为第三组分加对其物理力学性能有一定程度的改善。     

PP—gMAH原位反应增容PP／PA—6共混纤维的研究

为探索聚丙烯（ＰＰ）纤维纺后染色的新途径，将少量尼龙－６（ＰＡ－６）与聚丙烯共混，并用马来酸酐枝聚丙烯（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）对该共混物进行反应性增容，得到了较为满意的结果。本文着重研究了ＰＡ－６用量在２０％以下时，增容剂用量及不同ＰＰ／ＰＡ－６共混比对共混物的亚微形态，流变性能，结晶性能等的影响，并对共混物的染色性能和了初探讨。     

PP－g－MAH原位反应增容PP／PA－6共混纤维的研究

为探索聚丙烯（ＰＰ）纤维纺后染色的新途径，将少量尼龙－６（ＰＡ－６）与聚丙烯共混，并用马来酸酐枝聚丙烯（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）对该共混物进行反应性增容，得到了较为满意的结果。本文着重研究了ＰＡ－６用量在２０％以下时，增容剂用量及不同ＰＰ／ＰＡ－６共混比对共混物的亚微形态，流变性能，结晶性能等的影响，并对共混物的染色性能作了初步探讨     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。