利用最小厚度准则预测高强热轧钢板的FLC曲线

为更便捷地获得成形极限图(FLD)中的成形极限曲线(FLC),用最小厚度准则,通过少量成形极限试验结合数值模拟来预测FLC.采用Barlat1989屈服准则对QStE340TM、SAPH370、ZStE260P三种高强度热轧钢板进行成形极限模拟,并以最小厚度准则作为极限判据,根据数值模拟结果绘制FLC图.计算结果表明,采用平面应变路径下的成形极限实验数据作为最小厚度准则的已知参数时,数值预测结果与实验结果能较好吻合.故采用平面应变路径下的成形极限实验数据,结合最小厚度准则和数值模拟,即可得到材料完整的FLC曲线.     

屈服准则对不锈钢弯管变形预测精度影响

通过XRD衍射及不同方向单向拉伸试验验证,经过多道次拉拔生产出的304奥氏体不锈钢管材存在有明显的各向异性现象.采用Mises各向同性、Hill1948和Barlat1991各向异性屈服准则对不锈钢弯管过程进行有限元模拟,分析弯曲后管材内外侧壁厚分布、弯曲角度及管坯截面椭圆度的变化规律,通过模拟与实验结果对比发现,当实验数据较少时,采用Hill1948各向异性屈服准则,能够很好预测304奥氏体不锈钢管材弯曲成形过程,而Barlat1991各向异性屈服准则中的一些参数经过近似后,对成形行为的预测精度明显降低.     

控制压边力改善铝合金板成形性能的研究

以5052H32铝合金板为研究对象,以有限元数值模拟和基于计算机控制多点变压边力液压压力机的实验为手段,研究随位置变化的压边力对铝合金板成形性能的影响.研究结果表明:合理地控制随位置变化的变压边力可以显著提高铝合金板的成形性能,增加盒形件的拉深深度(最大拉深高度提高约12%);随位置变化的压边力对铝合金成形性能改进的主要原因是减少破裂危险区域壁厚减薄和应变的峰值;采用Barlat 96屈服准则描述铝合金的屈服行为具有较高精度,数值模拟和实验的偏差较小.     

各向异性板料屈服轨迹的研究

针对建立的十字形双向拉伸试验系统,利用有限元模拟优化得到的十字形试件,采用载荷控制方式对SPEN钢板和2024-O铝合金板进行了不同加载路径下的双向拉伸试验,得到了不同硬化阶段下的实验屈服轨迹,并与现有屈服准则Hill48、Hill79、Hill90、Hill93、Gotoh、Hosford、Barlat-Lian以及Mises的理论屈服轨迹进行了对比.结果表明:对于SPEN钢板,Hosford各向异性屈服准则得到的理论屈服轨迹与实验屈服轨迹符合得最好,其次是Mises屈服准则,Hill48屈服准则最差;对2024-O铝合金板,Barlat89、Hosford屈服轨迹与实验屈服轨迹符合得最好,Mises屈服准则最差.     

韧性断裂准则在高强钢板料成形中的应用

 针对板料成形中的韧性断裂准则预测成形极限的方法,进行了综述和分析,提出了利用韧性断裂准则能够较好地预测塑性差的板料成形极限,而且还能考虑应变路径的变化．将Cockroft和Latham准则应用到高强度钢板DP590的成形预测中．对高强钢DP590进行了单向拉伸试验,获得了相应的物性参数．同时对该高强钢进行了方盒件成形试验,并进行了相应的有限元模拟．通过对高强钢的极限试验,利用有限元模拟获得了该材料的Cockroft和Latham准则常数．最后利用该常数对方盒件的拉深过程进行了缺陷的预测,模拟结果和试验结果完全吻合．表明韧性断裂准则是可以应用到高强度钢板的成形中的．     

大幅面板材渐进折弯成形的本构建模及模拟

为了提高大幅面板材成形的模拟精度,在板材折弯平面应变假设条件下,推导出基于Hill各向异性屈服准则的弹塑性本构方程.借助ABAQUS有限元软件本构模块用户子程序接口,通过编程将上述推导的应力-应变本构关系显示表达式嵌入ABAQUS分析平台.以超长大开口半椭圆形工件成形为例,建立了大幅面钢板渐进折弯的三维弹塑性有限元模型,并数值模拟了多道次渐进折弯成形及回弹全过程.模拟效果和工程应用结果表明,与传统的基于平面应力假设的本构关系模型相比,采用平面应变假设的本构关系模型的模拟结果更接近实验值.     

TRIP钢冲压成形过程中马氏体相变特性研究及其仿真

结合材料四相特性及板料的各向异性,构建TRIP钢应力应变关系及屈服准则,基于Tomita and Iwanmoto（TI）理论模型,建立TRIP钢本构关系,实现其冲压成形过程仿真。实验结果表明四相硬化混合准则可以准确描述含有TRIP钢硬化特性。单向拉伸实验、平面拉伸实验结果同计算结果比较说明相变模型可以定量预测变形过程...     

钴基高温合金GH188板材的屈服行为研究

目的 研究钴基高温合金GH188板材在不同应力状态下的屈服行为,并确定适用的屈服准则,为工程应用提供科学指导。方法 通过开展不同方向的单向拉伸试验得到基本力学性能参数,以轧制方向为参考方向,利用其真实应力-应变曲线标定Ludwik本构模型参数;根据国际标准设计十字形试件,利用ABAQUS软件对其等双拉加载进行有限元仿真,然后基于设计的试样对GH188高温合金板料进行不同载荷比例下的双向拉伸试验,并获取屈服点;结合以上数据,采用Mises、Hill48、Barlat89和Yld2000-2d 4种屈服准则对屈服轨迹、r值和应力值进行预测。结果 等双拉过程中,十字形试件中心区应力分布均匀且无切应力,表明试样的设计是合理有效的;4种屈服准则对试验屈服轨迹的平均预测误差相差不大,为(2±0.5)%,但整体而言,Hill48-σ的预测误差最大,Hill48-r和Barlat89屈服准则呈现相似的预测能力,误差约为20%,Yld2000-2d屈服准则预测精度最高,综合误差仅有2.41%,远远小于其他3种屈服准则的预测误差。结论 钴基高温合金GH188板材具有明显的各向异性,Yld2000-2d屈服准则可以精确地描述该材料在复杂应力状态下的屈服行为。     

TA4纯钛带材各向异性屈服行为表征与研究

目的 基于复杂加载状态试验和先进屈服准则,实现考虑塑性演化的TA4纯钛在复杂加载状态下塑性各向异性行为的精确表征。方法 通过0°、45°、90°方向的单拉试验和复杂加载比例的十字形试件双向拉伸试验,获得TA4纯钛的基本力学性能参数和拉伸屈服轨迹,采用不同的屈服准则对试验屈服轨迹进行预测,并通过变r值的屈服准则预测其屈服轨迹的塑性演变规律。结果 在小变形范围内,Yld2000?2d屈服准则对TA4屈服轨迹的预测精度最高;塑性变形过程中,呈线性增大趋势的r值与TA4纯钛的屈服轨迹演变现象直接相关。结论 试验与理论屈服轨迹的对比表明,Yld2000?2d屈服准则可以实现TA4纯钛初始屈服行为的精确表征。TA4纯钛带材的r值随塑性变形呈线性增大趋势,考虑塑性演化的Barlat89屈服准则预测的TA4屈服轨迹外凸性更显著。在TA4纯钛带材冲压成形过程的有限元分析、模具设计和工艺优化中,仅考虑初始屈服轨迹时,可采用Yld2000?2d屈服准则;当各向异性特征存在较强的塑性演化相关性时,可采用形式相对简单的Barlat89屈服准则。     

基于Oyane韧性断裂准则的板料成形极限预测

本文基于Oyane韧性断裂准则,结合数值模拟方法,预测板料不同应变状态下的极限应变.准则中的材料参数通过单向拉伸和平面应变拉伸试验确定.在模拟胀形试验获得每一时间步应力、应变值的基础上,应用韧性断裂准则预测板料的成形极限.模拟结果表明用韧性断裂准则和数值模拟相结合的方法能成功获得板料的成形极限图.     

Experimental and numerical investigation of anisotropic yield criteria for warm deep drawing of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

Accuracy of the finite element simulation of sheet metal forming is significantly dependent on the correctness of input properties and appropriate selection of material models. In this work, anisotropic yield criteria namely, Hill 1948, Barlat 1989, Barlat 1996, Barlat 2000 and Cazacu Barlat have been implemented for Ti–6Al–4V alloy at 400 °C. Material constants required for the yield criteria have been determined and deformation behavior in deep drawing process has been analyzed in finite element software. Also, deep drawing experiments on Ti–6Al–4V alloy have been performed at 400 °C to validate finite element simulation results. Further, comparison of yield criteria based on thickness distribution, earing profile, complexity in material parameter identification and computational time has shown Cazacu-Barlat to be well suited for deep drawing of Ti–6Al–4V alloy.     

Evaluation of yield criteria for forming simulations based on residual stress measurement

Process induced anisotropy in sheet metal is accounted for in analytical modeling by anisotropic yield criteria. The suitability of a yield criterion for predicting sheet metal forming process is generally validated by way of its ability to predict surface strains. However, the sensitivity of surface strains to yield criteria is dependent upon strain modes, with plane strain mode exhibiting higher sensitivity. To eliminate dependency on strain modes, stresses are used to evaluate yield criteria, since forming stresses are less sensitive to strain modes. In the study, the residual stresses remaining in a hemispherical cup formed in plain strain mode is predicted using Hill48 and Barlat89 criteria. The residual stresses are experimentally characterized by using X-Ray diffraction method. Suitable yield criterion for forming simulation is validated based on the correlation of theoretical predictions with experimental residual stress values.     

Experimental and theoretical formability analysis using strain and stress based forming limit diagram for advanced high strength steels

In this study, experimental and numerical analyses of Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) and Forming Limit Stress Diagram (FLSD) for two Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) sheets grade DP780 and TRIP780 were performed. Initially, the forming limit curves were experimentally determined by means of the Nakazima forming test. Subsequently, analytical calculations of both FLD and FLSD were carried out based on the Marciniak–Kuczinsky (M–K) model. Additionally, the FLSDs were calculated using the experimental FLD data for both investigated steels. Different yield criteria, namely, von Mises, Hill’s 48, and Barlat2000 (Yld2000-2d) were applied for describing plastic flow behavior of the AHS steels. Both Swift and modified Voce strain hardening laws were taken into account. Hereby, influences of the constitutive yield models on the numerically determined FLDs and FLSDs were studied regarding to those resulted from the experimental data. The obtained stress based forming limits were significantly affected by the yield criterion and hardening model. It was found that the forming limit curves calculated by the combination of the Yld2000-2d yield criterion and Swift hardening law were in better agreement with the experimental curves. Finally, hole expansion tests were conducted in order to verify the different failure criteria. It was shown that the stress based forming limit curves could more precisely describe the formability behavior of both high strength steel sheets than the strain based forming limit curves.     

Determination of Anisotropic Yield Coefficients by a Data-Driven Multiobjective Evolutionary and Genetic Algorithm

The texture induced anisotropy of yield strength in cold rolled sheet metals is modeled using anisotropic yield criteria. The classical and other optimization methods used so far to determine the yield coefficients are limited by fixed set of experimental data, initial guess values, and pre-determined weight factors. A robust multiobjective optimization based on evolutionary algorithm proposed in this paper minimizes the error in yield stress and plastic strain ratio simultaneously and thereby overcomes the limitations in the approaches used before. The new approach is tested using Hill48 and Barlat89 yield criteria for five different materials from literature. The new approach is observed to improve the prediction capability of yield coefficients when compared to earlier approaches. The Pareto frontier obtained in the new approach can serve as a comparative tool to evaluate the accuracy of different yield criteria.     

单向预应变对X70大变形管线钢拉伸性能的影响

对X70大变形管线钢进行应变量小于2.5％的单向预拉伸和预压缩应变处理,而后卸载,再次拉伸至断裂,研究单向预应变对管线钢拉伸性能的影响.结果表明:同种单向预应变时,不同预应变量下管线钢的弹性变形、屈服变形和形变强化特征基本相同,弹性应变总体上随预应变量的增大而增大;预拉伸后再次拉伸时,管线钢在应变ε小于0.5％即发生屈...     

Analytical and finite element simulation studies on earing profile of Ti-6Al-4V deep drawn cups at elevated temperatures

Rolled sheet metal alloys exhibit plastic anisotropy, which leads to the formation of ears during the deep drawing process. An analytical function proposed by Yoon et al. (Int J Plast 27(8):1165–1184, 2011) predicts earing profile based on yield stress and r value directionalities for circular cup drawing. In this study, this analytical approach is applied for a deep drawing of Ti-6Al-4V at elevated temperatures up to 400 °C. Three yield criteria namely, Hill 1948, Barlat 1989 and Barlat Yld2000-2d are used to obtain the directionality inputs for the analytical formula. The analytical model is validated using experimental results and FE simulations and is found to be closely matched while requiring very less CPU time. FE simulation has been also conducted with various yield functions. Barlat Yld2000-2d is considered to be the most suitable yield criterion for very accurate earing prediction in deep drawing of Ti-6Al-4V as the inputs for both the analytical and FEM models.