航空钛合金铣削过程有限元数值模拟

基于材料损伤理论确定了切屑分离准则,建立了钛合金TC4构件铣削过程的有限元模型,利用商业有限元软件(ABAQUS),在给定切削参数条件下,采用不同几何参数(前角、后角、螺旋角)的刀具对钛合金TC4的铣削过程进行了有限元模拟,研究了切削力和切削温度随刀具角度变化的规律,结果表明:铣刀的前角在10°~20°,后角为12°~20°,螺旋角为30°~45°时比较适合钛合金TC4的铣削。     

卷板机卷板过程的动态模拟研究

针对现有卷板机存在的各种问题,采用ANSYS有限元分析软件对卷板机托辊和板材建立了简化模型,并对整个卷板过程进行动态模拟分析,得出了不同过程不同时间段上下托辊和板材的受力大小与变形情况等重要数据。这对改进现有类型的卷板机提供了参考依据。     

PDC钻头切削破岩机理及数值模拟研究

由于PDC钻头几何外形、岩石材料以及井底钻井工况的复杂性,PDC钻头切削破岩机理的研究一直都是难点问题。基于单齿切削机理,引入岩石比功ε,推导出钻井钻压W、扭矩t和切削厚度d之间的关系,建立切削比功E与钻井强度S的二维图;同时结合接触摩擦分量,分析并阐述了破岩过程的概念模型;通过有限元方法建立全尺寸PDC钻头动态破岩的非线性动力学三维仿真模型,开展PDC钻头切削破岩机理的研究,进一步分析PDC钻头破岩过程的响应规律。结果表明:岩石损伤与应力云图可直观反映钻井过程岩石损伤剥落形成井眼及井底应力分布状况;PDC钻头钻进方向的位移、加速度和扭矩响应规律与理论分析相一致,并揭示了PDC钻头钻进过程中的"进尺台阶"现象,亦佐证了破岩过程的概念模型。     

高压水射流数值模拟研究及冲击载荷分析

针对不同工况的高压喷射流,利用VOF算法基于OpenFOAM开源平台开展流场模拟研究。模拟结果显示,当压差为10 MPa时,液核结构始终保持光滑的圆柱状轮廓,未发生雾化现象,靶件表面的压力分布及总打击力总体较为平稳;压差为30,50 MPa的工况均存在明显的一次雾化现象,液核表面形成坑洼不平的形貌特征,并产生众多小液滴散布于液核四周,喷雾锥角分别为1.2°和1.6°,广泛存在的压力波证实喷射流存在跨音速流动现象,在喷口出口处产生数量巨大的漩涡结构,靶件表面的压力分布变化剧烈,产生瞬时压力峰值,分别高达32.5,54.5 MPa,总打击力具有较大的波动趋势,其标准差为0.136和0.517。研究表明,雾化现象导致靶件表面的压力分布剧烈波动,诱发瞬时压力峰值并使总打击力剧烈波动,从而能够提升高压清洗效果。     

高压水射流数值模拟及混凝土路面切割试验研究

探讨了高压水射流的切割机理,并对圆形喷嘴高压水射流垂直冲击水泥混凝土建立了流体动力学模型,进行了数值模拟。通过对模拟结果的分析,得到射流喷嘴最大出口压力和量纲一冲击高度对水泥混凝土在滞止点及其附近压力值的影响。根据结果选取主要参数,设计制造出高压水切割设备并且完成水泥混凝土试块的切割试验。试验达到预期效果,证明此高压水切割设备工作的有效性。     

高压水射流清洗对基体去污效果及损伤的研究

利用高压水射流清洗技术对涂层及不同硬度工件进行冲击试验,利用白光干涉仪测定试验前后工件的涂层去除情况及表面粗糙度变化情况,并观察工件受冲击后表面产生的损伤微观形貌。结果表明,利用高压水射流清洗涂层时,选择具有涂层开放表面处入射可以快速使开放面扩张,涂层去除速度会呈直线增大;工件表面质量变化与初始表面质量无关,仅受水射流冲击环境影响;水射流冲击造成工件表面损伤,产生特殊形状孔洞,此种孔洞中部高度平缓,从中心沿径向向外逐步凹陷-突起-凹陷。     

开孔弹性泡沫材料拉伸变形过程的数值模拟

为了研究低密度弹性开孔泡沫材料的拉伸力学性能,文中建立具有不同胞体几何特性的泡沫材料随机模型,并用有限元方法模拟该材料的拉伸变形过程.同时,从材料的微结构层次上分析弹性开孔泡沫材料拉伸变形的机制,以及相对密度和胞体几何性质对拉伸非线性力学行为的影响.并且,将拉伸应力-应变曲线与Warren和Kraynik的四面体微结构模型的预测结果进行对比,说明数值模拟较好地反映开孔泡沫材料的拉伸变形特征.     

圆筒件拉深成形过程数值模拟研究

采用Dynaform软件对圆筒件拉深成形过程进行数值模拟,映射网格划分技术对几何模型进行划分,有效地解决了载荷施加及求解过程中时间步长的选择难题,建立了能实际应用的有限元模型.实践表明应用该模型能提高产品质量,缩短设计周期.     

高压柱塞泵往复密封性能及机理的研究

本文叙述了对柱塞泵往复密封件沿轴向压力分布、泄漏量随压力变化进行的测试;利用Naiver-Stokes方程和有限元理论,对密封件的压力沿轴向的分布规律、泄漏量与压力变化关系进行了计算。通过试验,验证了理论计算结果的重要性,从而揭示了它的密封机理。     

基于高压水射流的高速电主轴柔性加载系统研究

高速电主轴的动态加载是测试其动态性能、寿命和可靠性等的关键环节.然而,高速电主轴的结构特征和极高的转速,使得其难以实现动态加载.基于高压水射流技术的高速电主轴柔性加载系统首次被设计、制造并测试,描述了该加载系统的原理、结构和组成.利用连续动量方程推导了射流冲击力模型.通过射流冲击力标定试验和射流流体有限元仿真,得到了加...     

探讨高血压合并冠心病患者动态血压与心电图的相关性

目的探讨高血压合并冠心病患者的血压波动与ST-T改变及心律失常发生的相关性。方法对88例高血压和/或冠心病患者进行分组研究,其中高血压合并冠心痛组25例,高血压无并发症组28例.冠心病组35例,所有患者均同步监测24h动态血压(ABPM)和动态心电图(DCG),观察不同组血压波动与ST-T改变和心律失常发生的相关性并进行对照分析。结果 ABPM与DCG同步检出高血压合并冠心痛组血压变化与ST-T改变和心律失常发生率为88%,明显高于高血压无并发症组42.9%和冠心病组65.7%,表明高血压合并冠心痛患者血压变化与ST-T改变及心律失常有关联。结论 ABPM与DCG同步检测有助于鉴别血压变化与心脏的关系,对预防心血管事件的发生具有积极的临床意义。     

Investigation of skidding in angular contact ball bearings under high speed

This paper proposes a dynamic model to investigate skidding in angular contact ball-bearings with considering the interaction between balls and raceways, cage and lubricant. The differential equations governing the motions of bearing elements are established and solved using a fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm; traction forces between balls and raceways are evaluated based on elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory. The results show that the applied axial load significantly influences the behavior of skidding due to the changes of internal load, orbital and rotation speeds of ball under different operating conditions; appropriate axial load can be determined to avoid severe skidding.     

高温高压临氢阀门制造工艺的分析

阐述了石化工业生产中高温高压临氢介质对阀门的要求,介绍了高温高压临氢阀门制造中,承压壳体材料、机械加工、特殊工序和整机检查试验等过程的控制要点。     

Experimental and numerical investigations of material removal process in electrochemical discharge machining of glass in discharge regime

Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) can be applied as a non-traditional processing technology for machining non-conductive materials such as glass and ceramics, based on the phenomena of evoked electrochemical discharges around the tool electrode. The material removal mechanism of ECDM is noticeably complex and difficult to experimentally characterize. In this paper, finite element models were proposed to predict the material removal in the ECDM discharge regime. First, the single-pulse discharge on a tapered electrode was modeled. It was found that about 30.5% of the discharge energy is transferred to the workpiece. The continuous discharge on a cylindrical electrode was thereafter modeled according to this phenomenon, in which the removal of a layer of the workpiece material starts from the projected contour of the edge of the electrode end and extends inward during the ECDM processing. The effective discharge ratio for material removal was calculated to be 10.1%. The drilling depths of holes at different applied voltages were predicted by the proposed finite element method. It was found that the predicted values were consistent with the experimental results.     

Review on mechanism and process of surface polishing using lasers

Laser polishing is a technology of smoothening the surface of various materials with highly intense laser beams. When these beams impact on the material surface to be polished, the surface starts to be melted due to the high temperature. The melted material is then relocated from the ‘peaks to valleys’ under the multidirectional action of surface tension. By varying the process parameters such as beam intensity, energy density, spot diameter, and feed rate, different rates of surface roughness can be achieved. High precision polishing of surfaces can be done using laser process. Currently, laser polishing has extended its applications from photonics to molds as well as bio-medical sectors. Conventional polishing techniques have many drawbacks such as less capability of polishing freeform surfaces, environmental pollution, long processing time, and health hazards for the operators. Laser polishing on the other hand eliminates all the mentioned drawbacks and comes as a promising technology that can be relied for smoothening of initial topography of the surfaces irrespective of the complexity of the surface. Majority of the researchers performed laser polishing on materials such as steel, titanium, and its alloys because of its low cost and reliability. This article gives a detailed overview of the laser polishing mechanism by explaining various process parameters briefly to get a better understanding about the entire polishing process. The advantages and applications are also explained clearly to have a good knowledge about the importance of laser polishing in the future.     

某燃气轮机高压转子—涡轮抗冲击性能研究

燃气轮机高压转子—涡轮受到冲击载荷作用时,可能会导致燃气轮机的破坏。采用Hy-perMesh对某燃气轮机高压转子—涡轮进行有限元建模,并设置了边界条件,利用三角形变化历程分别从垂向和水平方向作为冲击载荷输入,对高压转子—涡轮进行冲击动响应计算和分析,结果表明高压转子—涡轮对加速度冲击载荷的动态响应特性与冲击载荷的峰值、加载方向有关,动叶片部位是高压转子—涡轮结构抗冲击的危险区域。所得结论对燃气轮机抗冲击方面的研究具有一定的参考价值。     

高性能MEMS电容压力传感器的设计及其热分析

为了进一步提高接触式电容压力传感器的性能,设计了一种高性能双凹槽结构的接触式电容压力传感器,并对该传感器在高温环境中的总体性能进行了分析。推导了热传导和热弹性理论,并对影响传感器热分析的各个因素与温度的依赖关系进行了描述;在整个分析过程中,使用ANSYS软件并结合有限元方法对全尺寸传感器的热效应进行模拟。结果表明,在接触工作状态双凹槽接触式电容压力传感器的温度对输入(压力)-输出(电容)特性的影响是线性的,且线性范围内初始压力随温度的升高而降低;当温度载荷为550 K时,双凹槽结构的灵敏度为1.21×10-6pF/Pa,比传统单凹槽的0.8×10-6pF/Pa高出50%,表明该压力传感器有着非常优异的高温特性。     

Experimental investigation and mechanism of material removal in nano finishing of MMCs using abrasive flow finishing (AFF) process

Aluminum alloy and its composites appear to have a good future as a candidate material for engineering and structural components. Finishing of these materials is a big challenge as they are heterogeneous in nature having abrasive particles randomly distributed and oriented in the matrix material. Metal matrix composite (MMC-aluminum alloy and its reinforcement with SiC) workpieces were initially ground to a surface roughness value in the range of 0.6 ± 0.1 μm, and later were finished to the R_a value of 0.25 ± 0.05 μm by using Abrasive Flow Finishing (AFF) process. The effects of different process parameters, such as extrusion pressure, number of cycles and viscosity of the medium were studied on a change in average surface roughness (ΔR_a) and material removal. The relationship between extrusion pressure and ΔR_a shows an optimum at about 6 MPa. In the same way, the relationship between weight percentage of processing oil (plasticizer) and ΔR_a also shows an optimum at 10 wt%. Further, an increase in workpiece hardness requires more number of cycles to achieve the same level of improvement in ΔR_a. Material removal also increases with an increase in extrusion pressure and number of cycles while it decreases with an increase in processing oil content in the medium. It is also concluded that the mechanism of finishing and material removal in case of alloys is different from that in case of MMC.     

Modeling and simulation of material removal in planarization process

In planarization processes, material removal analysis is essential to the estimation of the wear rate and non-uniformity. A model that describes the material removal of a pad with rough surface grinding by using abrasive grains is developed. A collection of micro-contact spots is identified and the deformation approach is subsequently calculated. Elastic-plastic theory and the wear model are used to construct the expression for the magnitude of material removal as a function of the indentation depth. First, the indentation depth of micro-contact spots in the asperity of the pad and the deformation of the flat part of pad are obtained by using elastic-plastic theory. Then, the material removal caused by individual micro-contacts is calculated with the help of wear theory. Finally, the macroscopic wear volume is found by summing the volumetric wear of each individual micro-contact. Moreover, the pad dressing process is introduced to demonstrate the developed model for material removal. A parametric study is conducted to explore the influence on the material removal results and the planarization interfacial phenomena of operational parameters. These parameters compose of the applied down force, rotational speed of dresser, and the density of abrasive grains. The results provide a detailed picture of the interface phenomena and yield an insight into the physical effects of the operating parameters in the planarization processes.