超细SiC对Ni-P化学合金镀层组织结构的影响

在化学镀Ni-P合金溶液中添加不同粒径的超细SiC粒子进行化学镀,制备了三种Ni-P-SiC化学复合镀层;通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、透射电镜和示差扫描量热分析仪对镀层的形貌和组织结构及其转变进行了表征。结果表明：化学复合镀层镀态下为非晶态结构,在一定温度热处理后晶化产生Ni3P和镍晶体,晶化温度几乎不受SiC粒子影响;在较高温度下镍与SiC发生反应生成Ni-Si化合物,SiC粒径越小,与镍发生反应的起始温度越低;400℃热处理复合镀层的最终产物中除了镍和Ni3P以外还有Ni3Si和游离碳。     

纳米α-Al_2O_3和γ-Al_2O_3颗粒增强镍-磷复合镀层的性能对比

采用化学镀技术制备了纳米α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3颗粒增强的镍-磷复合镀层,利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、电子探针等对复合镀层的物相结构、表面形貌、成分分布进行了分析,还对比了复合镀层与镍-磷镀层的显微硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。结果表明:与镍-磷镀层相比,纳米Al2O3颗粒的加入没有改变镀层的晶体结构,但使镀层的显微硬度明显提高;纳米α-Al2O3颗粒的加入提高了镀层的耐腐蚀性和耐磨性,而纳米γ-Al2O3颗粒的加入反而使镀层耐磨性和耐腐蚀性下降。     

纳米SiC/Ni复合镀层的制备及其摩擦磨损性能

用电沉积方法在316L不锈钢表面制备了纯镍镀层和纳米SiC/Ni复合镀层,考察了电镀时间、SiC质量浓度、电流密度和镀液温度对复合镀层中纳米SiC含量的影响,表征了镀层的表面形貌和SiC纳米颗粒的尺寸;最后研究了镀层的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:复合镀层中纳米SiC的含量随着电镀时间延长、电流密度增大、镀液温度升高以及SiC质量浓度的增大先升高后降低,且最佳工艺参数为电镀时间30min,SiC质量浓度20g·L-1,电流密度2A·dm-2,镀液温度60℃,镀液pH4.5,搅拌速度300r·min-1;与纯镍镀层相比,纳米SiC/Ni复合镀层的晶粒更细小,组织更致密,具有更好的摩擦磨损性能,摩擦因数降低了7%以上,磨损率降低了50%。     

镍-磷-纳米Al2O3复合镀层的摩擦学性能

用化学镀的方法制备了镍-磷-纳米Al2O3复合镀层，研究了热处理温度对镀层硬度和磨损性能的影响，并与二元镍-磷镀层以及镍-磷-Al2O3复合镀层进行了性能对比。结果表明：含有纳米Al2O3微粒的复合镀层具有更高的硬度和耐磨性，经400℃处理后的镀层耐磨性最好。     

Ni-P/SiC、Ni-P/WC纳米复合电刷镀镀层的组织与性能

利用电刷镀技术制备了Ni-P/SiC、Ni-P/WC纳米复合镀层;用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和电子探针等分析了复合刷镀层表面形貌、微观组织结构、成分分布,并进行了硬度和耐磨性试验.结果表明:与传统镍磷镀层相比较,纳米颗粒的加入使复合镀层中的组织结构更加致密,显微硬度有较大程度的提高,耐磨性增强,其中Ni-P/WC镀层的性能优于Ni-P/SiC镀层.     

镍-磷-三氧化二铝化学沉积非晶态复合镀层的显微组织和耐磨性的研究

为了进一步发挥化学沉积单一非晶态镀层的性能潜力,研究了化学沉积镍磷合金镀液中添加三氧化二铝微粒以获得镍-磷-三氧化二铝复合层的新工艺。对化学沉积复合镀层的显微组织结构、显微硬度、时效处理时的晶化与过饱和相的析出以及复合镀层的耐磨往进行了测试。结果表明,与单一非晶态镀层相比,复合镀层的显微硬度和耐磨性能均更为优异,是一种工艺成本低廉、操作控制简便的表面强化新途径。     

Al2O3增强镍-磷-钨复合镀层的制备及性能

为了提高镍-磷-钨合金镀层性能,制备了Al2O3增强的镍-磷-钨复合镀层;探讨了镀液中Al2O3颗粒尺寸、搅拌方式、电流密度、镀液中Al2O3、Na2WO4的含量和pH值等对镀速、镀层中Al2O3的质量分数及镀层外观质量的影响;确定了复合电沉积最佳工艺条件;并对镀层的硬度、耐磨性能、抗高温氧化性能、耐腐蚀性能、表面形貌、相结构和化学成分等进行了测试.结果表明:在超声波振荡搅拌下,加入纳米Al2O3,控制电流密度为2A·cm-2,镀液中Al2O3和Na2WO4的含量分别为50g·L-1和6g·L-1,pH值为5.0时,镀速和镀层中的Al2O3质量分数最大,镀层质量最佳;加入微米和纳米Al2O3镀层的综合性能均高于未加入Al2O3的镀层.     

电泳-电沉积制备纳米Al_2O_3增强镍基复合镀层中纳米颗粒的分布状态

采用电泳-电沉积技术制备了纳米Al2O3增强镍基复合镀层,并采用扫描电镜及其附带能谱仪分析了镀层中纳米颗粒的分布状态,运用正交试验法研究了电泳液中纳米颗粒含量、电泳沉积电压、电泳沉积时间以及电沉积阴极电流密度等工艺参数对复合镀层中纳米颗粒分布均匀性的影响.结果表明:电泳液中纳米颗粒含量及电沉积阴极电流密度是影响镀层中纳米颗粒分布均匀性的主要因素,而电泳沉积电压和电泳沉积时间的影响相对较小;在电泳液中A12O3纳米颗粒含量为8 g·L-1、电沉积阴极电流密度为0.5 A·dm-2时,可制得纳米颗粒均匀分布的纳米复合镀层.     

添加纳米MoS2镍-磷化学复合镀层的制备与微观形貌

运用化学复合镀技术制备出添加纳米MoS2的镍-磷复合镀层.研究了制备过程中镀液中分散剂种类、MoS2添加数量以及镀前试样表面粗糙度对复合镀层的影响.结果表明:十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)可以很好地在镀液中分散纳米MoS2,镀液中添加纳米MoS2颗粒的最佳值是2.0 g/L;镀前试样表面粗糙度值过低不利于提高复合镀层中纳米MoS2的复合量.     

热处理对铝合金化学镀镍-钨-磷镀层组织性能的影响

通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱微区成分分析、透射电镜等手段研究了热处理对6061铝合金化学镀镍-钨-磷合金镀层组织性能的影响.结果表明:在试验热处理条件下,镍-钨-磷镀层和基体问扩散主要是镍原子向铝基体中的扩散;铝合金化学镀镍-钨-磷试样525℃热处理1 h后,由于镍原子的扩散,基体和镀层之间形成镍铝合金层,镍铝合金层分为二层,第一层镍铝合金层主要含有Ni2Al3相,第二层镍铝合金层主要含有NiAl3相;在干摩擦滑动条件下,铝合金化学镀试样经525℃热处理1h后表现出良好的耐磨性.     

纳米和微米La2O3颗粒增强镍基复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能

用复合电沉积工艺制备了纳米和微米La2O3颗粒增强镍基复合镀层，在销盘式滑动磨损试验机上考察了复合镀层在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能，用扫描电子显微镜分析了其磨损机理。结果表明：在干摩擦条件下，纳米La2O3颗粒增强复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能明显优于微米La2O3颗粒增强复合镀层；纳米La2O3增强镍基复合镀层的磨损主要表现为轻微磨粒磨损特征，而微米La2O3增强镍基复合镀层的磨损机制为剥层磨损和磨粒磨损。     

激光熔覆原位自生TiB2/Ni金属陶瓷涂层高温抗氧化性研究

利用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备了不同涂层成分的原位自生TiB2/Ni金属陶瓷复合涂层,研究了涂层显微形貌以及在600℃等温和不断升温中的高温抗氧化性能.结果表明:涂层均匀致密,内部无裂纹、气孔等缺陷,熔覆质量良好.当涂层中陶瓷相含量较低时,可以得到晶粒细小、均匀致密的氧化层,能有效阻止了涂层内部的高温氧化;但陶瓷相含...     

功率超声在电沉积Ni/纳米Al2O3复合镀层中应用

研究功率超声在纳米电沉积技术中的作用机理。结果表明 ,在电沉积Ni/纳米Al2 O3 复合镀层过程中 ,引入功率超声可有效解决纳米Al2 O3 粒子在镀液中的分散问题 ,使纳米Al2 O3 粒子均匀分布在复合镀层中 ,促进纳米Al2 O3 粒子与镀层基质金属的共沉积 ,并细化基质金属Ni的晶粒     

聚焦光束堆焊生成陶瓷颗粒增强的复合材料表层

研究了在碳钢表面光束堆焊生成陶瓷颗粒增强复合材料表层的可行性，考察了陶瓷颗粒物理性能及其加入量等对复合材料表层质量的影响规律。试验结果表明：陶瓷颗粒的密度及其与基体NiCrBSi合金间的润湿性对复合材料表层的成形有重要影响，与普通TiC及WC相比，由于WC/Ni及NiCrBSi合金的润湿性好，因此更适合用作以镍基合金为基的复合材料表层的颗粒增强相，在复合材料表层成形良好的前提下，增加陶瓷颗粒的加入量有利于复合材料表层宏观硬度的提高。     

纳米Al2O3弥散强化复合涂层的制备及耐磨性研究

将纳米Al2O3与Ni基自熔性合金F102的复合粉末用氧乙炔焰热喷焊工艺制各复合涂层，研究了纳米Al2O3的加入呈对组织和耐磨性的影响。结果表明，当纳米A12O3质量分数为0．25％时，涂层的耐磨性最好，与25％WC复合涂层的耐磨性相当。     

Ionic liquid lubrication of electrodeposited nickel–Si3N4 composite coatings

Nano-Si₃N₄ particles were electrodeposited with nickel on copper substrate from a Ni bath. The friction and wear properties of the Ni/Si₃N₄ composite coating were evaluated while being lubricated with several various oils using a ball-on-disk sliding tester. The morphologies of the worn surfaces were observed using a scanning electron microscope. The chemical states of several typical elements on the worn surfaces were examined by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results indicated that the electrodeposited Ni/Si₃N₄ composition coating had excellent tribological properties while being lubricated with the ionic liquid. This was partly attributed to the high hardness of the electrodeposited nickel composite coating containing nano-sized Si₃N₄ and the tribochemical reaction between the lubricant and the sliding surface.     

Active coatings for SiC particles to reduce the degradation by liquid aluminium during processing of aluminium matrix composites: study of interfacial reactions

The application of a surface coating on SiC particles is studied as an alternative means of solving problems of reactivity between SiC reinforcements and molten aluminium and problems of low wetting which limit the application of casting routes for fabrication of Al–SiC_p composites. The selected active barrier was a ceramic composed of SiO₂, which was generated by controlled oxidation of the SiC particles. The coating behaves as an active barrier, preventing a direct reaction between molten aluminium and SiC to form Al₄C₃ as the main degradation product. At the same time, the SiO₂ provokes other interfacial reactions, which are responsible for an improvement in wetting behaviour.
Composites were prepared by mixing and compacting SiC particles with Al powders followed by melting in a vacuum furnace, and varying the residence time. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) and field emission TEM were employed as the main characterization techniques to study the interfacial reactions occurring between the barrier and the molten aluminium. These studies showed that the SiO₂ coating behaves as an active barrier which reacts with the molten Al to form a glassy phase Al–Si–O. This compound underwent partial crystallization during the composite manufacture to form mullite. The formation of an outer crystalline layer, composed mainly of Al₂O₃, was also detected. Participation of other secondary interface reactions inside the active barrier was also identified by HREM techniques.     

超声电沉积镍/纳米碳化硅复合镀层组织结构研究

采用超声电沉积方法在20钢基体上制备了镍／纳米碳化硅的复合镀层。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察了镀层的表面形貌和显微组织，用能谱仪(EDS)对镀层中特定区域进行了显微组织成分分析，使用X射线衍射仪检测了镀层的微观结构。结果表明：通过合适的超声电沉积工艺，得到的镀层中SiC纳米粒子含量较高，且分散均匀，没有出现团聚现象；同时镀层中的镍晶粒得到了细化，取向也由择尤取向趋于随机取向。     

Localization of strain in metal matrix composites studied by a scanning electron microscope-based grating method

The deformation characteristics of the metal matrix composites Ag/Ni and Al/Al₂O₃ are studied at microstructural level by a scanning electron microscope based grating method and finite element (FE) simulation. The measured strain was found to localize in narrow bands in the ductile matrix of both composites. In the case of the Al/Al₂O₃ composite, the bands are preferentially initiated in Al regions adjacent to the interface of large Al₂O₃ particles, leading to local strain maxima. The band positions found in the Ag/Ni composite are also affected by the less deformable Ni phase, but strain localization first occurs by sliding of single Ag grains sometimes located away from the Ni phase. Using a FE model of real phase geometry and measured border displacements as boundary conditions, the simulation agrees reasonably with the experiment. The differences in the case of the Al/Al₂O₃ composite are due to particle cracks and voids at the particle/matrix interface. This effect was found in the experiment but not considered in modelling. For the Ag/Ni composite the band positions agree fairly well. However, the level and gradient of strain is clearly different as the crystallographic orientation of the Ag grains was not accounted for in modelling.