阴离子交换树脂固定化果糖基转移酶的研究

从13种离子交换树脂和吸附树脂中,筛选出固定化效果较好的大孔弱碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂D380为载体,以戊二醛为交联剂,通过先吸附后交联的方法对果糖基转移酶的固定化进行分析,并对固定化条件进行了优化。结果表明,最佳固定化条件为:加酶量为200U/g树脂,吸附pH为6.0,吸附时间为6h,吸附温度为30℃,交联剂戊二醛浓度为0.01%,交联时间为6h,交联温度为4℃,固定化酶活回收率最高可达87.6%以上。     

离子交换树脂共固定葡萄糖氧化酶-过氧化氢酶

从5种大孔阴离子交换树脂中,筛选出固定化效果较好的大孔强碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂D 201为载体,以戊二醛为交联剂,通过先吸附后交联的方法共固定化葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),研究了固定化酶的制备条件和酶学性质。结果表明,共固定化的最佳条件是:GOD∶CAT=1∶1(酶活力之比),吸附p H值为7.5,吸附温度30℃,吸附时间为8 h;交联剂戊二醛质量分数为1%,交联温度4℃,交联时间8 h。在此条件下固定化,以GOD计,最高酶活回收率为30.8%。与游离酶相比,共固定化GOD-CAT树脂的热稳定性、p H稳定性均增强,间歇操作10批次后酶活力仍然保持在初始活力的90%以上。     

离子交换树脂固定化果胶酶的研究

用7种树脂对果胶酶进行固定化,选出D152大孔弱酸性阳离子交换树脂为载体,通过先吸附后交联的方法固定果胶酶。优化的固定化条件是:加酶量为每克湿树脂加1%果胶酶2.5mL,吸附pH为4.6,吸附温度30℃,吸附时间10h,交联剂戊二醛体积分数为1%,交联时间6h,交联温度4℃。     

D-塔格糖3-差向异构酶的固定化研究

从14种离子交换树脂和吸附树脂中,筛选出固定化效果较好的大孔弱碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂D301-Ⅲ为载体,以戊二醛为交联剂,通过先吸附后交联的方法对D-塔格糖3-差向异构酶的固定化进行研究。结果表明,最佳固定化条件为：加酶量为2.00mL/g（粗酶液/树脂）,吸附pH7.5,吸附时间为8h,吸附温度为30℃,戊二醛浓度为0.05%,交联时间为3h,固定化酶活回收率可达50%以上。固定化酶重复使用10次,酶活仍能稳定保持在初始酶活的65%以上,具有良好的操作稳定性。     

大孔树脂MI-BN4固定化β-呋喃果糖苷酶Fru6及催化合成低聚果糖

为了降低β-呋喃果糖苷酶Fru6使用成本,使β-2,6键型低聚果糖应用到实际中。该试验研究了对Fru6的固定化技术。通过多官能团树脂MI-BN4对Fru6进行固定化,优化了果糖苷酶Fru6固定化条件,并研究固定化酶Fru6酶学性质、固定化酶Fru6催化低聚果糖能力、以及固定化酶Fru6重复使用的能力。在吸附时间6 h,温度25℃,加酶量40 U的条件下进行固定化,可得到酶活力205. 7 U/g,酶活回收率95. 2%,蛋白吸附量0. 6 mg/g干树脂的固定化果糖苷酶。固定化酶Fru6催化合成低聚果糖能力相较于游离酶有所提高,低聚果糖转化率从62%提升到了72%,并且可重复使用12次,低聚果糖产量略有降低。得到了高酶活回收率且催化能力较好的固定化果糖苷酶,为生产6-低聚果糖奠定了基础。     

弱碱性大孔树脂固定化硫磺菌β-葡萄糖苷酶的实验研究

通过实验筛选出弱碱性大孔树脂 D301R 作为固定化酶的吸附载体.以戊二醛为交联剂,采用吸附交联相结合的方法制备了固定化硫磺菌β-葡萄糖苷酶.将 D301R 大孔树脂与硫磺菌鲜菌丝提取液混合后4℃振荡吸附 12 h,用 0.075%戊二醛20℃交联 1 h 可以获得最佳的固定化效果,酶活性回收率为 46.2%,固定化酶活性为 0.38 U/g.固定化酶的最适温度略有提高,最适 pH 不变,而温度稳定性与贮存稳定性优于溶液酶.     

海洋脂肪酶YS2071的固定化及酶学性质研究

为提高脂肪酶的利用效率,更好应用于工业化生产,研究了脂肪酶YS2071的固定化技术,筛选最优载体,通过单因素实验法对脂肪酶固定化的条件进行优化,并对其性质进行了研究。采用MI-BSI伯胺功能基吸附树脂为载体,京尼平为交联剂,吸附-交联的方法,分析了加酶量、吸附时间、吸附温度、初始pH、交联剂的浓度、交联时间等因素对脂肪酶固定化效果的影响,并通过PB实验和响应面实验,确定了最佳固定化条件:加酶量为8 mg,吸附时间8 h,吸附温度为20℃,初始pH 8.6,交联剂质量浓度为0.48 g/L,交联时间为1 h时,固定化效率最高,酶活回收率达到60%以上。     

果糖基转移酶的固定化及其性质研究

果糖基转移酶的固定化可以很方便地实现酶的回收和再利用。以HPA25L树脂为固定化载体,对果糖基转移酶进行了固定化初步研究。结果表明,其最优固定化条件为:采用先交联后固定化方法,以戊二醛为交联剂,固定化温度20℃,pH5.0,加酶量10mL/g树脂,戊二醛浓度为0.15%,得到固定化酶酶活达120U/g,酶活回收率达81%,其最适反应温度和pH分别为55℃和7.0,利用固定化酶连续反应12个批次后,酶活仍然保留达20%以上。     

固定化精氨酸脱亚胺酶的制备与性质研究

从7种大孔型离子交换树脂中筛选出固定化效果最好的弱碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂D301-G,通过先吸附后交联的方法对精氨酸脱亚胺酶进行固定化条件及固定化酶性质研究。经单因素实验,结果表明,最佳固定化条件为每克树脂加入156 U精氨酸脱亚胺酶液,p H4.0,28℃条件下吸附4 h后,在4℃冷却,加入戊二醛溶液至体系内戊二醛体积分数为0.07%,4℃下交联4 h,最优条件下固定化酶活回收率可达85%以上。固定化酶的最适温度和p H分别为50~60℃和5.0~5.5,较游离酶具有更高的温度稳定性,同时固定化酶的米氏常数Km值比游离酶高。固定化酶在重复使用8次后仍保留57.7%的酶活,表明该固定化酶具有较好的操作稳定性,可为连续生产瓜氨酸提供技术依据。     

壳聚糖微球固定化胰蛋白酶条件初探

以壳聚糖为栽体,戊二醛为交联剂,采用交联一吸附法对胰蛋白酶的固定化条件进行了初探.结果表明:酶用量、戊二醛浓度、pH值、温度等对壳聚糖微球固定化的胰蛋白酶活力有显著影响.最适固定化条件:壳聚糖0.125 g,酶用量14mg,交联剂质量分数0.2%,pH值为7.5,固定化温度35℃,交联时间2 h,吸附时间5 h.在此条件下酶活力回收率为76.57%.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press