提高住宅室内装修质量设计研究

住宅装修与人们的日常生活息息相关,住宅装修简称为"家装",是对住宅室内空间进行装修设计与施工、室内部品的配置,形成舒适宜居的生活环境,满足人们日常生活的基本需求。当前,国内家装行业发展迅猛,市场需求量大,但行业内部存在一些细节不规范、管理不到位等问题,住宅装修资源消耗大、环境污染严重、购房者没有时间精力操劳装修事宜,住宅装修问题日益凸显。面对这一问题,本文分析总结新建住宅装修中出现的问题,并对新建住宅装修现状进行反思,提倡新建住宅全装修发展模式,推进住宅建设高质量发展。     

浅谈住宅建筑室内设计

随着经济发展和人们生活水平的提高,我国住宅装修产业得到了迅猛的发展,以往的装修模式已经不能适应装修产业化发展的需要,整个行业都面临着产业升级和结构调整。住宅装修产业选择怎样的发展方向和发展模式是当前急需解决的问题。     

预制型住宅室内装修的探索

预制型住宅室内装修就是一种能改变住宅室内装修现状的装修形式。预制型住宅室内装修的实施必须包括三个方面：一是建立现代、集约的生产方式;二是与大规模定制相结合;三是建立完整的服务体系和监督体系。发展预制型住宅室内装修是大势所趋,是住宅品质提高、装修行业升级、住房消费价格降低的重要推动力。     

住宅一次性装修商务实施问题及对策纲要

住宅装修一次到位的定义 根据建设部《商品住宅装修一次到位实施细则》,应定义为:住宅装修一次到位所指住宅为新建城镇住宅中的集合式住宅.装修一次到位是指房屋交钥匙前,所有功能空间的固定面全部铺装或粉刷完成,厨房和卫生间的基本设备全部安     

室内设计中的防预性安全设计

本文分析了室内设计中存在的安全问题及其产生的原因,引导出解决室内安全问题的重要手段即防御性设计,进而总结了防御性安全设计的主要内容。本文从住宅室内设计的系统工程出发把住宅室内分为前期规划、装修施工和装修后使用的这三个阶段,从而把防御性安全设计落实到住宅室内设计的每个阶段,完成室内防御性安全设计的内容,以满足我国住宅室内设计发展的新要求。     

装饰体现个人风格

新建住宅精装修主要有两种模式：一种是房地产开发商直接向市场提供统一装修的住宅；另一种是由购房者选定装修样式后统一装修，也叫菜单式装修房。     

住宅厨房装修设计探析

随着生活品质的提高,住宅厨房装修越来越为人们所重视。本文着重分析了住宅厨房装修设计的基本要素与表现形式。     

住宅户型与室内设计的新发展

通过对住宅户型与室内设计理念的发展的分析，提出了工业化装修模式，重装饰、轻装修与多元风格融合理念是目前住宅室内装修的趋势。     

木业资讯

2002年家居装饰盘点十大热点话题1十大热点之:《住宅室内装饰装修管理办法》出台 5月1日,《住宅室内装饰装修管理办法》开始正式实施。该管理办法第一次明确规定,住宅室内装饰工程的保修期最少不得少于两年。该办法还第一次将装修人的责任予以明确,规定装修人装修未申报,或将装修工程委托给不具有相应资质等级企业的都要受     

家居装修中通风问题探析

自然通风是减轻室内污染的一条有效而便捷的途径。本文从住宅户型、门窗、排风管、隔断、家具等方面着手,探讨了住宅室内装修的通风排气问题。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the