螺栓连接全装配式一字形RC剪力墙受力性能试验研究

采用高强度螺栓和连接钢框连接上下层预制钢筋混凝土（RC）墙板,形成一字形全装配式剪力墙。为了研究该全装配式剪力墙的基本力学性能及水平接缝的工作机制,以连接钢框的翼板厚度及高强度螺栓的公称直径及预拉力为参数,制作3个试件,进行了单调加载试验,对试件的水平荷载－侧移曲线及其特征点、钢筋应变、连接钢框与内嵌边框之间的相对滑移以及连接钢框的应变分布进行了分析。试验结果表明：采用螺栓连接的全装配式剪力墙具有较好的延性性能;减小高强度的螺栓直径及预拉力会使水平接缝内的相对滑移增大;减小连接钢框的翼板厚度会使连接钢框中的应力增加;连接钢框受压区的正应力远大于受拉区,受拉区与受压区分界点的位置与预制墙板基本一致。在试验的基础上,分析了水平接缝的工作机制。分析表明：摩擦作用、销栓作用是受拉区水平接缝传递荷载的主要方式;受压区水平接缝的工作机制与连接件之间的初始空隙有关,摩擦作用、销栓作用以及顶紧挤压作用是受压区水平接缝传递荷载的主要方式。     

钢板焊接连接的带水平接缝装配式RC剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为了研究采用钢板焊接连接的带水平接缝预制装配式钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能,设计了4个装配式钢筋混凝土剪力墙足尺试件并进行低周往复水平荷载试验,研究参数包括连接钢板厚度、侧向钢板设置和轴压比。结果表明：各试件均为压弯破坏,水平承载力在186~288kN之间,极限位移在25.74~29.37mm之间,滞回曲线为饱满的弓形,延性和耗能能力较好,刚度退化较慢;在连接钢板满足强度要求前提下,增大连接钢板厚度、增加侧向钢板对剪力墙的延性、刚度、承载能力和耗能能力影响较小;提高轴压比可以明显提高装配式剪力墙的刚度和承载能力,但会降低其耗能能力。采用ABAQUS有限元软件对装配式剪力墙抗震性能进行分析,所建立的有限元模型可以较好地模拟装配式剪力墙的受力性能。通过对比采用规范公式计算的承载力与试验承载力,表明可以采用JGJ 3—2010《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》中的公式计算文中装配式剪力墙的承载力,并给出了连接钢板的计算方法。     

软索连接装配式混凝土圆孔墙抗震性能试验研究#br#

为研究软索连接装配式圆孔剪力墙的抗震性能,分析翼墙对主墙的影响,设计一字形、L形、工字Ⅰ形和工字Ⅱ形4类共8个足尺装配式圆孔剪力墙试件,进行拟静力试验,通过对试验现象和数据进行分析,研究构件的破坏形态、特征荷载、变形性能、受剪承载力等特性。结果表明：采用软索连接的翼墙能有效提高主墙的抗裂性能,有效避免主墙沿圆孔的竖向裂缝,同时能改变主墙的应力分布和破坏形态;翼墙能够有效提高主墙的屈服荷载和极限荷载,但对屈服位移、延性的影响不明显;墙体弹性层间位移角能够满足我国规范中对剪力墙的要求,弹塑性层间位移角较小,宜提高软索锚固设计;墙体中的圆孔会大大降低墙体的受剪承载力;通过规范公式对该类型墙体进行受剪承载力计算,发现多数墙体的计算值远大于试验值,基于试验结果,建议将规范公式进行05倍折减后,再用于该类型墙体的受剪计算。     

复式钢管混凝土装配式连接节点抗震性能试验研究

为研究复式钢管混凝土装配式连接节点的抗震性能,设计了5个复式钢管混凝土单边螺栓节点试件及1个穿心螺栓对比节点试件,进行了柱端固定轴压下水平往复加载试验,分析了T型件加肋、T型件翼缘厚度、梁柱线刚度比等对节点破坏形态、荷载-位移曲线、承载力、延性、耗能、刚度退化等抗震性能的影响。结果表明:复式钢管混凝土单边螺栓T型件连接节点滞回曲线饱满,变形耗能能力较强; 相比T型件未加肋试件,加单肋的节点极限承载力提高39%,加双肋节点极限承载力提高44%; T型件翼缘厚度20 mm的节点比14 mm的极限承载力提高13%,且极限位移也相应提高; 当梁柱线刚度比增大时,节点试件极限承载力和耗能能力均明显提高; 单边螺栓可发挥复式钢管混凝土柱内层钢管单边锁紧优势,内钢管应变值较大但节点域无明显变形,节点传力可靠且结构整体性较好; 对比穿心螺栓节点,单边螺栓节点初始刚度略小,极限承载力略有提高,二者等效黏滞阻尼系数基本相当,而节点变形能力及延性显著提高,说明单边螺栓装配式连接能较好地保证节点的稳定性和抗震性。     

螺栓连接装配式一字形钢筋混凝土剪力墙承载力分析

针对螺栓连接装配式剪力墙的受力特性，推导了该装配式剪力墙水平接缝的滑移承载力、连接钢框屈服荷载的计算式，分析了钢框的局部屈曲。基于现有研究成果及规范方法，对预制墙板的开裂、屈服、峰值荷载以及斜截面受剪承载力进行了计算。建立了墙体水平接缝受剪承载力计算模型，给出了受剪承载力的计算式。研究结果表明：该装配式剪力墙的特征荷载与承载力的计算值与试验值吻合较好；合理的设计可实现试件屈服前或达到峰值荷载前受拉端连接件不滑移，以及在试验全过程中连接钢框受拉端不屈服；改善连接钢框翼板与腹板之间的焊接质量能大幅度提高连接钢框的屈曲临界荷载，避免局部屈曲的发生。高强度螺栓的滑移承载力，以及剪力墙受压区预制墙板底部与连接钢框腹板之间的摩擦作用是构成墙体水平接缝受剪承载力的两个主要部分。     

Experimental study of L‐shaped precast RC shear walls with middle cast‐in‐situ joint

Precast shear walls, as an environmentally friendly building system, have been vigorously developed in China. There are many vertical and horizontal joints on precast reinforced concrete shear wall system, which certainly have a significant effect on seismic performance of structures. In this paper, 3 L‐shaped precast reinforced concrete shear walls that were assembled by 2 precast parts through a middle cast‐in‐situ joint and a compared 1 completely cast‐in‐situ were tested under low frequency cyclic loading to investigate their seismic behaviors. The vertical distributed reinforcements in the three precast specimens were equivalently spliced by grouting sleeves arranged along the center line of the wall, and the horizontal reinforcements were directly anchored in cast‐in‐situ joints. The experimental results, including failure mode, yielding load and displacement, skeleton curve, energy dissipation, stiffness degradation, ductility, and so forth were presented in the paper. The results show that the precast specimens have similar bearing capacity whereas much better deformation capacity and ductility compared to the cast‐in‐situ specimen. Additionally, the experimental results of ultimate shear capacity of specimens were also compared with that of the calculation results. These results indicate that the tested precast shear walls have good and reliable seismic performance and can be used as a structural member in engineering projects.     

Cyclic loading test of T‐shaped mid‐rise shear wall

Shear wall systems are the most commonly used lateral load resisting systems in high‐rise buildings. Six 1:2 scale mid‐rise T‐shaped reinforced concrete shear wall specimens with aspect ratio of 1.75, 2.15 and 2.80 were respectively tested under reversed cyclic loading. The seismic behavior and displacement ductility were investigated. The effects of aspect ratio, axial load level and transverse steel ratio on the seismic behavior and displacement ductility were also analyzed. Test results were discussed and compared with T‐shaped steel–concrete composite shear wall. Results mainly showed that the T‐shaped shear wall specimens mainly presented bending–shear failure mode and were all destroyed because of the concrete crushing at the web (negative direction) and the longitudinal reinforcement of the web reaching the limited deformation (positive direction), showing that the web was the weakest part of T‐shape shear wall. The ductility of the specimens was decreased, and the ultimate load‐bearing capacity was increased by increasing the axial load. To specimens with smaller aspect ratio and higher axial load ratio, the special transverse steel ratio of the web should be increased to improve the crushing strain of the confined concrete of the web in order to satisfy the ductility of the walls. The seismic performance was obviously improved in the T‐shaped steel–concrete shear wall compared with that of the T‐shaped reinforced concrete shear wall. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

预应力预制混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

通过后张拉高强无黏结预应力筋将分段预制墙板拼装成整体预应力预制混凝土剪力墙,剪力墙根部靠近中间位置布置若干普通钢筋以增加墙体耗能性。为比较该类剪力墙与现浇混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能,进行了3片预应力预制混凝土剪力墙和1片现浇混凝土剪力墙的拟静力试验,研究墙体的破坏过程及破坏形态、滞回及骨架曲线、位移延性、耗能能力、刚度退化、残余位移等。结果表明：预应力预制混凝土剪力墙的非线性变形集中在墙根部接缝处,导致墙体本身的损伤较小;预应力筋可提供恢复力,能有效减小残余变形;由于耗能钢筋的锚固失效,预制混凝土剪力墙的滞回曲线不如现浇混凝土剪力墙试件饱满;刚度退化早于现浇墙体,但下降段曲线较现浇墙体平缓,其刚度退化较现浇墙体缓慢;锚固失效是由耗能钢筋过密布置导致。     

预制空心板剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

装配整体式空心板剪力墙结构(EVE)采用钢筋间接搭接实现上下层预制墙、同层相邻预制墙的连接。通过3个空心板剪力墙的拟静力试验,研究钢筋间接搭接、接缝构造、灌孔构造边缘构件的可行性。结果表明：竖向孔、水平孔内连接钢筋与对应的空心板内竖向、水平钢筋同一位置应变随水平力的变化规律相同,空心板剪力墙边缘构件竖向钢筋、竖向接缝水平钢筋间接搭接可依靠桁架机制有效传递钢筋拉压力;试件均实现了预期的破坏模式,竖向孔、水平孔内后浇混凝土可与空心板共同工作;压剪破坏的空心板剪力墙受剪承载力试验值为JGJ 3—2010《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》(简称《高规》)现浇剪力墙公式计算值的1.77倍,压弯破坏的空心板剪力墙受弯承载力试验值为《高规》现浇剪力墙公式计算值的1.15~1.23倍,可按《高规》现浇剪力墙斜截面受剪承载力、正截面受压承载力计算方法计算EVE空心板剪力墙的承载力;空心板剪力墙极限位移角为1/66~1/54,满足罕遇地震作用下剪力墙结构弹塑性变形能力的要求;灌孔边缘构件可采用全预制构造(竖向钢筋间接搭接,箍筋布置于空心板内)代替半预制构造(竖向孔内竖向钢筋贯通,箍筋布置于竖向孔内);空心板剪力墙水平接缝具有良好的抗滑移能力。     

Steel–concrete composite shear walls using precast high performance fiber reinforced concrete panels

In this research, seismic performance of composite steel plate shear walls (CSPSWs) using high performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC) panels is experimentally and numerically investigated. Three one‐story one‐bay CSPSW specimens using precast HPFRC panels were designed and fabricated for cyclic quasi‐static experiments. The HPFRC panels of composite shear wall specimens did not have any steel rebars. The main purpose of the study was to understand the effects of rigid and semirigid HPFRC panels on the seismic behavior of the system. Shear capacity, ultimate shear strength, lateral stiffness, energy dissipation, and ductility ratios of the specimens are evaluated. The experimental results demonstrate that specimens were able to resist lateral load up to at least interstory drift of 6%. Using HPFRC panels, CSPSW specimens becomes stiffer in the elastic region, and the yield displacement of the shear wall is decreased; therefore, the ductility ratio of the system is increased. It should be noted that ultimate shear strength, initial elastic stiffness, and energy absorption of specimens with an HPFRC panel on one side or both sides of the infill steel plate were approximately the same. However, using two HPFRC panels is not economical in comparison with CSPSW with an HPFRC panel on one side. Additionally, the second panel increases the seismic mass of the structure.     

复式钢管混凝土柱与H形钢梁连接节点抗震性能试验研究

借鉴方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁外肋环板节点形式,将非梁柱连接面的柱两侧外肋环板改为竖贴于柱侧的竖向肋板并伸出与梁翼缘焊接,同时设置锚固腹板,形成复式钢管混凝土柱与H形钢梁连接节点。通过7个梁柱组合体试件的低周反复荷载试验,分析各试件的破坏过程及特征,并对试件的滞回性能、承载力、延性、耗能能力和承载力及刚度退化等抗震性能进行研究。研究结果表明：节点的破坏形态基本相同,梁端先屈曲,形成塑性铰;锚固腹板可有效提高节点的承载力和变形能力;竖向肋板外伸长度可提高试件的初始刚度,使梁端塑性铰外移,有效保护节点核心区;试件的滞回曲线呈明显的梭形,具有良好的承载力、延性及耗能能力;试件在整个加载过程中刚度退化现象明显,承载力退化很小,可应用于抗震设防地区。     

接缝形式对凹槽浆锚连接装配式混凝土剪力墙抗震性能影响研究

为研究不同接缝形式（水平接缝、竖向接缝、竖向和水平接缝）的凹槽浆锚连接预制混凝土剪力墙抗震性能,完成1片现浇剪力墙和3片不同接缝形式的预制剪力墙拟静力加载试验,分析了不同接缝形式对预制墙体破坏过程、破坏特征、滞回性能、承载力、延性等的影响。试验结果表明：4片墙体的破坏形式均为受弯破坏;水平接缝装配式剪力墙在峰值荷载前受力性能与现浇剪力墙基本相似,峰值荷载后随着水平接缝处结合面的开裂,水平接缝装配式剪力墙承载力和刚度退化较快;竖向接缝装配式剪力墙抗震性能总体上符合规范GB 50011—2010抗震要求,其延性略低于现浇剪力墙,且预制墙体竖向接缝的后浇部分利于结构的耗能;同时采用竖向和水平接缝装配式剪力墙的峰值荷载与竖向接缝剪力墙的基本一致,而极限位移较现浇剪力墙的低27%,其竖向接缝后浇部分的钢筋配筋率影响剪力墙的承载力。     

设置竖向通缝的螺栓连接双层钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能试验

为提高双层钢板混凝土组合剪力墙的施工效率,提出了设置竖向通缝、水平缝通过螺栓连接的装配式双层钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙,并对6个缩尺比为1∶2的组合剪力墙进行了拟静力试验,得到其破坏形态、滞回性能、应变、刚度和承载力退化、耗能能力等试验结果,分析设置竖向通缝、不同形式水平缝螺栓连接等构造对组合剪力墙抗震性能的影响。试验结果表明：该装配式组合剪力墙抗震性能良好;相比于边缘构件和墙体焊接的组合剪力墙,设置竖向通缝的组合剪力墙承载力降低约25%,但延性提高;采用合理的水平缝螺栓连接构造,可保证连接处应力的有效传递。与一字形和锯齿形缝组合剪力墙相比,企口形缝组合剪力墙的承载力较低。     

竖向钢筋套筒挤压连接的预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

对4个剪跨比为2.11,竖向钢筋套筒挤压连接的预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙试件进行了拟静力试验。其中,3个试件为一字形截面剪力墙,轴压比分别为0.5、0.6和0.2;1个试件为T形截面剪力墙,轴压比为0.5。试验结果表明：剪力墙以压弯破坏为主,边缘构件竖向钢筋受拉屈服、墙底两端混凝土受压破坏;水平荷载 位移滞回曲线有一定程度捏拢;一字形截面剪力墙及T形截面剪力墙翼缘端受压时极限位移角不小于1/80,T形截面剪力墙腹板端受压时极限位移角为1/110;对于偏心受压承载力试验值与GB 50010-2010规范公式计算值之比,一字形截面剪力墙约为1.20,T形截面剪力墙翼缘端受压和腹板端受压时分别为1.04和1.11;套筒挤压连接能有效传递钢筋拉、压荷载作用。竖向钢筋套筒挤压连接的预制钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能满足现行规范的要求。     

带接缝连接梁的预制混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

采用钢筋混凝土接缝连接梁来实现预制墙体竖向钢筋的连续性连接。通过6个高宽比为1.7、不同截面高度和位置的接缝连接梁预制混凝土剪力墙的低周反复加载试验,分析了试件的破坏形态、顶点荷载-位移滞回曲线、承载力、变形能力、刚度退化等特性,并与整体现浇墙体进行对比。试验结果表明：预制墙体试件与整体现浇墙体试件的破坏模式、破坏形态基本相同,均为墙体角部混凝土压碎、钢筋拉断或屈曲;预制墙体试件的水平承载力相当,略低于现浇墙体,接缝连接梁的位置及截面高度对承载力有一定程度的影响;预制墙体试件的变形能力略小于现浇墙体试件,但极限位移角均超过1/100;接缝连接梁可以有效传递荷载。     

Seismic Behavior Investigation on Blind Bolted CFST Frames with Precast SCWPs

To explore seismic behavior of blind bolted concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) frames infilled with precast sandwich composite wall panels (SCWPs), a series tests of blind bolted square CFST frames with precast SCWPs under lateral low-cyclic loading were conducted. The influence of the type of wall concrete, wall-to-frame connection and steel brace setting, etc. on the hysteretic curves and failure modes of the type of composite structure was investigated. The seismic behavior of the blind bolted CFST frames with precast SCWPs was evaluated in terms of lateral load–displacement relation curves, strength and stiffness degradation, crack patterns of SCWPs, energy dissipation capacity and ductility. Then, a finite element (FE) analysis modeling using ABAQUS software was developed in considering the nonlinear material properties and complex components interaction. Comparison indicated that the FE analytical results coincided well with the test results. Both the experimental and numerical results indicated that setting the external precast SCWPs could heighten the load carrying capacities and rigidities of the blind bolted CFST frames by using reasonable connectors between frame and SCWPs. These experimental studies and FE analysis would enable improvement in the practical design of the SCWPs in fabricated CFST structure buildings.     

带竖向接缝的预制混凝土空心模剪力墙受弯性能试验研究

完成了6个带竖向接缝的预制混凝土空心模剪力墙试件在恒定轴力作用下的拟静力试验,研究了墙体的受弯性能以及竖向接缝的连接性能,明晰了墙体的破坏过程和破坏形态。试验结果表明：墙体破坏形态与钢筋混凝土剪力墙相似,破坏时墙体根部混凝土压溃、边缘构件纵筋压曲;部分墙体的破坏区域发展至中部墙板,预制混凝土与后浇混凝土剥离;竖向接缝构造合理、连接可靠,能够保证墙体的整体性能,对受弯性能基本无影响;试件的转角延性系数为4.35~12.54,具有良好的延性;提高边缘构件纵筋配筋率和轴压比,墙体的承载力提高,混凝土压溃面积增大;采用单排竖向插筋对墙体的受弯性能影响较小;GB 50010-2010《混凝土结构设计规范》的计算方法可用于计算空心模剪力墙试件的承载力,计算结果较为保守。     

L形钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁全螺栓装配节点抗震性能研究

为同时实现梁柱之间和柱柱之间装配,提出一种适用于多高层钢结构的异形钢管混凝土柱与H型钢梁的全螺栓连接节点.上柱、下柱、L形件与H型钢梁4个模块在工厂制作完成,在施工现场通过螺栓进行装配,可实现梁与柱、柱与柱之间的快速连接.通过改变盖板螺栓数量、加劲肋种类设计了4个节点,对其进行了拟静力试验与有限元分析,获得了节点的滞回...     

Seismic behavior of T‐shaped steel reinforced concrete shear walls in tall buildings under cyclic loading

Shear walls are often used as the primary lateral load resisting elements in high‐rise buildings because of their large in‐plane stiffness and strength. It is a common practice to combine rectangular walls to form T‐shaped, I‐shaped and L‐shaped walls for functionality and esthetic reasons. Three relatively slender steel reinforced concrete (SRC) shear walls with T‐shaped cross‐sections were constructed and tested to failure under cyclic lateral loading. This research was conducted to assess the failure mechanism, hysteretic behavior, ductility and energy dissipating capacity of SRC T‐shaped walls under various axial load ratios. All the specimens exhibited a flexural mode characterized by crushing of the concrete and buckling of the steel at the free web boundary. The experimental results showed good hysteretic characteristics without pinching phenomena. The ductility coefficient varied from 2.3 to 4.1, and the deformation capability decreased with the increasing of axial load ratios. The stiffness, strength and ductility of T‐shaped walls are dependent upon the direction of the applied lateral loads. Higher stiffness and strength and lower ductility are achieved when the flange is in tension. The failure mechanism suggested that special attention should be paid to the design of the free web boundary to prevent premature failure under compression. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Experimental study on seismic performance of L‐shaped insulated concrete sandwich shear wall with a horizontal seam

A series of new L‐shaped insulated concrete sandwich shear walls integrated with heat preservation function are tested for its seismic performance. Those specimens, partially excavated and filled with insulation materials, are made up of three precast specimens and one cast‐in‐situ specimen as a control group. For the three precast specimens, the vertical distributed reinforcements are equivalently spliced to the bottom beam by grouting sleeves arranged along the centerline of the wall, whereas for the compared specimen, they are directly cast‐in‐situ anchored. These specimens are tested under low frequency cyclic loading. The failure mode, yielding load and displacement, skeleton curve, energy dissipation, stiffness degradation, ductility, and so forth, are recorded and analyzed. The result shows that the precast specimens have similar bearing capacity and much better deformation capacity and ductility than that of the control group in this experiment. This indicates that the seismic performance of the proposed L‐shaped insulated concrete sandwich shear wall is desirable and generally meets the requirements of both function and safety, thus can be used as structural elements in practice. The methods in Chinese design code and American Concrete Institute code are adopted to calculate the ultimate shear capacity of this precast insulation shear wall, and it is found that the tested result is larger than the calculated one, indicating the calculation method is reliable.