首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
目的 探索木质素碳量子点(CQDs)荧光油墨及其书写式标签、CQDs/聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合荧光薄膜在防伪包装中的应用潜力。方法 以木质素为碳源,采用一锅水热法得到未掺杂碳量子点O-CQDs和硫掺杂碳量子点S-CQDs,并以此为荧光填料,以乙醇、乙二醇和丙三醇的混合液为溶剂,制备荧光油墨及其书写式荧光标签和CQDs/PVA复合荧光薄膜,探索其荧光防伪性能。结果 硫掺杂木质素碳量子点油墨MS-CQDs及其书写标签、PVA复合薄膜在可见光下均无色,在365nm紫外光照下则呈现强烈的淡蓝色荧光。结论 MS-CQDs书写式称量纸荧光标签及其与PVA的复合薄膜均具有良好的荧光性能,在荧光防伪领域具有良好的应用潜力。  相似文献   

3.
本文采用油浴加热柠檬酸一步法合成碳量子点,用HRTEM透射电镜和FTIR红外光谱对其形貌和结构进行表征。研究该碳量子点的荧光性质,初步探讨了其发光的可能机理。实验结果表明,该方法合成的碳量子点粒径大小为3~5 nm,在360 nm处有一个很强的紫外吸收峰,最大激发波长和发射波长分别为365 nm和460 nm,其光学稳定性良好,在pH5.0~7.0范围内,碳量子点的荧光强度随pH的变化比较敏感。  相似文献   

4.
    
The emerging graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carbon dots (C‐dots) have gained tremendous attention for their enormous potentials for biomedical applications, owing to their unique and tunable photoluminescence properties, exceptional physicochemical properties, high photostability, biocompatibility, and small size. This article aims to update the latest results in this rapidly evolving field and to provide critical insights to inspire more exciting developments. We comparatively review the properties and synthesis methods of these carbon nanodots and place emphasis on their biological (both fundamental and theranostic) applications.  相似文献   

5.
王春来  李钒  杨焜  刘长军  田丰 《材料导报》2018,32(19):3348-3357
随着社会的快速发展,环境污染与能源短缺问题日益突出。光催化技术可以利用太阳能降解水体或大气中的污染物,也可用于催化制氢等,是解决环境污染与能源短缺问题最有效的手段之一。二氧化钛(TiO_2)具有光催化活性高、化学性质稳定、价廉、无毒等优点,是当前应用最为广泛的光催化剂。然而,TiO_2的带隙过宽且光生电子与空穴易再结合,因而在光催化领域的应用受到限制。在过去的10多年中,研究者们发展出了一系列方法尝试提高TiO_2的光催化活性,包括量子点敏化、有机染料敏化、TiO_2晶型与形貌的调节、表面贵金属沉积、过渡金属离子掺杂与非金属离子掺杂等。量子点敏化是将TiO_2与量子点复合,从而调节TiO_2的能带宽度,拓宽对光的响应范围。不过,敏化所用的量子点大多含有有毒重金属离子,严重威胁环境与人体健康,这促使许多学者致力于找寻更安全无毒的荧光纳米材料。碳量子点(CDs或CQDs)是一种新型的荧光碳纳米材料,由sp~2/sp~3杂化碳原子组成,表面具有各种官能团。与传统的量子点相比,CDs拥有原料来源广泛、理化性能稳定、无毒、生物相容性好、易于功能化修饰、抗光漂白等优点。此外,CDs还具有光诱导电子转移能力、光敏性以及荧光上转换效应等特性,在光电化学与光催化领域具有良好的应用潜力。将CDs与TiO_2复合制成CDs-TiO_2光催化剂,一方面材料毒性低,克服了传统量子点毒性高的缺点;另一方面能有效抑制光生电子与空穴的再结合,增强对紫外光的吸收并且拓展对可见光甚至近红外光的吸收,从而提高材料的光催化活性。当前研究主要从调控TiO_2与调控CDs两方面入手来提高CDs-TiO_2光催化剂的活性,其中前者主要包括TiO_2晶型和晶面的调节、TiO_2的形貌调控与TiO_2的杂化改性;CDs的调控主要包括CDs的杂化改性、CDs粒径与负载量的调节。本文基于CDsTiO_2复合光催化剂当前的研究进展,分析了可能的光催化机理,重点阐述了针对以上几种调控手段的研究结果,最后介绍了CDsTiO_2的制备方法与当前应用现状,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   

6.
用巯基乙酸(TGA)、半胱氨酸(L-Cys)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)这三种巯基稳定剂在水相中制备了CdTe量子点(QDs).红外光谱(FTIR)分析结果表明,三种稳定剂都成功地利用Cd2+与巯基之间的配位与QDs相结合并起到保护及稳定的作用.利用荧光光谱对不同QDs的荧光性能进行了研究,结果表明当采用GSH作为稳定剂时,QDs的生长速率较快,且最大发射波长能够达到约680nm;L-Cys-CdTe的生长速率次之,也能生成具有较大发射波长的QDs;TGA-CdTe的生长速率最慢,且最大发射波长只能达到约620nm,但是其荧光强度较高,适于制备对荧光强度要求较高的QDs.通过MTT(噻唑蓝)比色法对细胞存活率进行测定,同时利用显微镜对细胞形貌进行观察,结果表明各量子点都具有一定的细胞毒性,但TGA-QDs对细胞的伤害作用更大,以20μg/mL的浓度对细胞培养24h后,细胞存活率只有52.6%.  相似文献   

7.
    
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs), a type of high‐efficiency but expensive and often unstable biological antifreeze, have stimulated substantial interest in the search for synthetic mimics. However, only a few reported AFP mimics display thermal hysteresis, and general criteria for the design of AFP mimics remain unknown. Herein, oxidized quasi‐carbon nitride quantum dots (OQCNs) are synthesized through an up‐scalable bottom‐up approach. They exhibit thermal‐hysteresis activity, an ice‐crystal shaping effect, and activity on ice‐recrystallization inhibition. In the cryopreservation of sheep red blood cells, OQCNs improve cell recovery to more than twice that obtained by using a commercial cryoprotectant (hydroxyethyl starch) without the addition of any organic solvents. It is shown experimentally that OQCNs preferably bind onto the ice‐crystal surface, which leads to the inhibition of ice‐crystal growth due to the Kelvin effect. Further analysis reveals that the match of the distance between two neighboring tertiary N atoms on OQCNs with the repeated spacing of O atoms along the c‐axis on the primary prism plane of ice lattice is critical for OQCNs to bind preferentially on ice crystals. Here, the application of graphitic carbon nitride derivatives for cryopreservation is reported for the first time.  相似文献   

8.
碳量子点的合成、性质及其应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
碳量子点(CQDs,C-dots or CDs)是一种新型的碳纳米材料,尺寸在10nm以下,具有良好的水溶性、化学惰性、低毒性、易于功能化和抗光漂白性、光稳定性等优异性能,是碳纳米家族中的一颗闪亮的明星。自从2006年[1]报道了碳量子点(CQDs)明亮多彩的发光现象后,世界各地的研究小组开始对CQDs进行了深入的研究。最近几年的研究报道了各种方法制备的CQDs在生物医学、光催化、光电子、传感等领域中都有重要的应用价值。这篇综述主要总结了关于CQDs的最近的发展,介绍了CQDs的合成方法、表面修饰、掺杂、发光机理、光电性质以及在生物医学、光催化、光电子、传感等领域的应用。  相似文献   

9.
采用溶剂热法, 以乙腈为溶剂和葡萄糖为原料制备了粒径约4 nm的氮掺杂碳量子点NCDs。当激发波长从330 nm增加到470 nm, NCDs水溶液发射光谱出现红移。随后, 将一定配比的NCDs、TiO2及5 mL超纯水超声混合60 min, 并在80℃烘箱内陈化24 h, NCDs纳米颗粒成功地复合到TiO2(TiO2)表面。该方法有效地拓宽了TiO2吸收光谱的范围, 并且减少了光生电子和空穴对, 从而增强了TiO2的光催化制氢性能。实验结果表明: 投料比为m(NCDs):m(TiO2)=15:85时, 以甲醇为牺牲剂的反应体系光催化制氢效果最好, 该复合材料具有一定的稳定性, 循环三次使用后仍然有一定的光催化制氢性能。  相似文献   

10.
A novel microfabrication process based on optimized photolithography combined with pyrolysis-reduction is proposed to fabricate interdigital porous carbon/tin quantum dots (C/Sn QDs) microelectrodes.C/Sn QDs active microelectrodes are also employed as current collectors of a micro-supercapacitor (MSC).A uniform dispersion of Sn QDs (diameter of ~3 nm) in the carbon matrix is achieved using our facile and controllable microfabrication process.The as-fabricated C/Sn QDs MSC obtained by carbonization at 900 ℃ exhibits a higher areal specific capacitance (5.79 mF·cm-2) than that of the pyrolyzed carbonbased MSC (1.67 mF·cm-2) and desirable cycling stability (93.3% capacitance retention after 5,000 cyclic voltammetry cycles).This novel microfabrication process is fully compatible with micromachining technologies,showing great potential for large-scale fine micropatterning of carbon-based composites for applications in micro/nano devices.  相似文献   

11.
首先采用葡萄糖与精氨酸水热合成碳量子点,并研究了碳量子点的结构和光谱特性。然后使用激光微量热泳动技术(MST)研究碳量子点与4种三磷酸脱氧核苷酸分子(dNTP)和单双链DNA间的亲和行为。实验结果表明制备的碳量子点粒径均一、具有良好的荧光性等,碳量子点与dNTP和MST-1/2ssDNA间存在着亲和行为,而碳量子点与dsDNA间的亲和力不明显;同时发现碳量子点与dNTP和ssDNA分子间通过氢键形式结合,其结合强弱与dNTP分子结构及ssDNA碱基序列排布有关,而dsDNA分子结构稳定,没有多余氨基位点,与碳量子点无明显结合。  相似文献   

12.
为了解决二氧化钛光催化剂存在的禁带宽度大和量子效率低的问题,利用具有优异光吸收性能和电子转移能力的碳量子点改性二氧化钛,可以大幅度提高二氧化钛的光催化性能。本文以富勒烯碳灰为原料,利用混酸回流法制备了一种发黄蓝光的碳量子点,然后采用一步水热法将碳量子点负载于二氧化钛制备了复合光催化剂。借助高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外可见光光谱(UV-vis)、荧光光谱、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)等表征手段对碳量子点和复合光催化剂进行表征,并以苯酚作为模拟废水进行光催化降解实验,结果表明,与纯二氧化钛相比,用碳量子点改性的二氧化钛对苯酚的去除率可提高60%,且其具有较好的稳定性与重复使用性,6次循环利用后仍可达到初次的97.8%。  相似文献   

13.
近年来,碳量子点作为一种新型的纳米材料,具有低细胞毒性、强荧光性、良好的生物相容性以及制备方法简单等特点,在生物传感、药物传递、细胞成像以及分析检测等领域具有潜在的应用价值,而受到人们的广泛关注。在此综述了碳量子点的制备方法、性质以及应用等,并对其发展前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

14.
    
A nanocomplex of graphene oxide (GO) and nitrogen‐doped carbon quantum dots (N‐CQDs) is utilized for effective stabilization of the toluene–water interface in high surface area oil‐in‐water emulsions to assist in detection and extraction of Cu(II) ions. CQDs are nitrogen‐doped to produce a positively charged material that readily adsorbs to GO through charge interactions, forming a surface‐active complex. N‐CQDs serve two key purposes: first, to screen the surface charge of GO and thereby lower the electrostatic barrier to adsorption at the toluene–water interface, and second to detect Cu(II) ions via fluorescence quenching. This combined system is far more effective in lowering the interfacial tension between toluene and water, and thus stabilizing toluene‐in‐water emulsions, than either component alone. The complex comprises cheap and easy to prepare materials, and overcomes the limitations of the individual components through synergistic effects. Additionally, the noncovalent nature and self‐assembly of this system allows for facile use and potential recovery of the materials, and therefore enables utilization in industrial applications such as solvent extraction for mineral processing.  相似文献   

15.
16.
    
Size‐controlled soft‐template synthesis of carbon nanodots (CNDs) as novel photoactive materials is reported. The size of the CNDs can be controlled by regulating the amount of an emulsifier. As the size increases, the CNDs exhibit blue‐shifted photoluminescence (PL) or so‐called an inverse PL shift. Using time‐correlated single photon counting, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, and low‐temperature PL measurements, it is revealed that the CNDs are composed of sp2 clusters with certain energy gaps and their oleylamine ligands act as auxochromes to reduce the energy gaps. This insight can provide a plausible explanation on the origin of the inverse PL shift which has been debatable over a past decade. To explore the potential of the CNDs as photoactive materials, several prototypes of CND‐based optoelectronic devices, including multicolored light‐emitting diodes and air‐stable organic solar cells, are demonstrated. This study could shed light on future applications of the CNDs and further expedite the development of other related fields.  相似文献   

17.
    
The development and application of white light-emitting diode (WLED) lighting technology are of great significance for reducing energy consumption. Commonly used WLED devices rely on the use of rare earth luminescent materials. However, rare earth elements are nonrenewable resources, and mining and refining processes have an adverse impact on the environment. In recent years, new white light-emitting luminescent materials that do not contain rare earth elements have been developed, such as quantum dots, fluorescent carbon dots, perovskite luminescent materials, organic luminescent materials, and metal–organic framework materials, among others, some of which are successfully applied in the development of WLEDs. Herein the latest progress in this research field is reviewed, analyzing the construction of practical WLED devices and comparing the characteristics of newly developed rare earth-free luminescent materials. Last, the future development prospects in this field are described.  相似文献   

18.
19.
20.
    
Efficient capture of solar energy will be critical to meeting the energy needs of the future. Semiconductor photocatalysis is expected to make an important contribution in this regard, delivering both energy carriers (especially H2) and valuable chemical feedstocks under direct sunlight. Over the past few years, carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a promising new class of metal‐free photocatalyst, displaying semiconductor‐like photoelectric properties and showing excellent performance in a wide variety of photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic applications owing to their ease of synthesis, unique structure, adjustable composition, ease of surface functionalization, outstanding electron‐transfer efficiency and tunable light‐harvesting range (from deep UV to the near‐infrared). Here, recent advances in the rational design of CDs‐based photocatalysts are highlighted and their applications in photocatalytic environmental remediation, water splitting into hydrogen, CO2 reduction, and organic synthesis are discussed.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号