Spray-dried solid dispersions containing ferulic acid: comparative analysis of three carriers,in vitro dissolution,antioxidant potential and in vivo anti-platelet effect

This article aimed to improve the relative solubility and dissolution rate of ferulic acid (FA) by the use of spray-dried solid dispersions (SDs) in order to ensure its in vitro antioxidant potential and to enhance its in vivo anti-platelet effect. These SDs were prepared by spray-drying at 10 and 20% of drug concentration using polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP-K30), polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) and poloxamer-188 (PLX-188) as carriers. SDs and physical mixtures (PM) were characterized by SEM, XRPD, FTIR spectroscopy and TGA analysis. Spray-dried SDs containing FA were successfully obtained. Relative solubility of FA was improved with increasing carrier concentration. PVP-K30 and PEG 6000 formulations showed suitable drug content values close to 100%, whereas PLX-188 presented mean values between 70 and 90%. Agglomerates were observed depending on the carrier used. XRPD patterns and thermograms indicated that spray-drying led to drug amorphization and provided appropriate thermal stability, respectively. FTIR spectra demonstrated no remarkable interaction between carrier and drug for PEG 6000 and PLX-188 SDs. PVP-K30 formulations had changes in FTIR spectra, which denoted intermolecular O–H???O?=?C bonds. Spray-dried SDs played an important role in enhancing dissolution rate of FA when compared to pure drug. The free radical-scavenging assay confirmed that the antioxidant activity of PEG 6000 10% SDs was kept. This formulation also provided a statistically increased in vivo anti-platelet effect compared to pure drug. In summary, these formulations enhanced relative solubility and dissolution rate of FA and chosen formulation demonstrated suitable in vitro antioxidant activity and improved in vivo anti-platelet effect.     

Drug‐Loaded Mesoporous Tantalum Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Synergetic Chemoradiotherapy with Reduced Systemic Toxicity

Combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) has been widely applied in many clinical practices, showing promises in enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Nontoxic nanocarriers that not only are able to deliver chemotherapeutics into tumors, but could also act as radiosensitizers to enhance radiotherapy would thus be of great interest in the development of chemoradiotherapies. To achieve this aim, herein mesoporous tantalum oxide (mTa₂O₅) nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification are fabricated. Those mTa₂O₅‐PEG nanoparticles could serve as a drug delivery vehicle to allow efficient loading of chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin (DOX), whose release appears to be pH responsive. Meanwhile, owing to the interaction of Ta with X‐ray, mTa₂O₅‐PEG nanoparticles could offer an intrinsic radiosensitization effect to increase X‐ray‐induced DNA damages during radiotherapy. As a result, DOX‐loaded mTa₂O₅‐PEG (mTa₂O₅‐PEG/DOX) nanoparticles can offer a strong synergistic therapeutic effect during the combined chemoradiotherapy. Furthermore, in chemoradiotherapy, such mTa₂O₅‐PEG/DOX shows remarkably reduced side effects compared to free DOX, which at the same dose appears to be lethal to animals. This work thus presents a new type of mesoporous nanocarrier particularly useful for the delivery of safe and effective chemoradiotherapy.     

A Note on the Solubility of Progesterone in Aqueous Polyethylene Glycol 400

Abstract

The solubility curve of progesterone in aqueous polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 at ambient room temperature (～25°C) is bimodal, a break occurring at approximately 60% w/w PEG.

It is speculated that the presence of unbound water in the PEG 400/water system depresses the solubility of progesterone in PEG 400 disproportionately.     

Rhenium‐188 Labeled Tungsten Disulfide Nanoflakes for Self‐Sensitized,Near‐Infrared Enhanced Radioisotope Therapy

Radioisotope therapy (RIT), in which radioactive agents are administered or implanted into the body to irradiate tumors from the inside, is a clinically adopted cancer treatment method but still needs improvement to enhance its performances. Herein, it is found that polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanoflakes can be easily labeled by ¹⁸⁸Re, a widely used radioisotope for RIT, upon simple mixing. Like other high‐Z elements acting as radiosensitizers, tungsten in the obtained ¹⁸⁸Re‐WS₂‐PEG would be able to absorb ionization radiation generated from ¹⁸⁸Re, enabling ‘‘self‐sensitization’’ to enhance the efficacy of RIT as demonstrated in carefully designed in vitro experiments of this study. In the meanwhile, the strong NIR absorbance of WS₂‐PEG could be utilized for NIR light‐induced photothermal therapy (PTT), which if applied on tumors would be able to greatly relieve their hypoxia state and help to overcome hypoxia‐associated radioresistance of tumors. Therefore, with ¹⁸⁸Re‐WS₂‐PEG as a multifunctional agent, which shows efficient passive tumor homing after intravenous injection, in vivo self‐sensitized, NIR‐enhanced RIT cancer treatment is realized, achieving excellent tumor killing efficacy in a mouse tumor model. This work presents a new concept of applying nanotechnology in RIT, by delivering radioisotopes into tumors, self‐sensitizing the irradiation‐induced cell damage, and modulating the tumor hypoxia state to further enhance the therapeutic outcomes.     

Inline‐Analyse hoher Präzision an photovoltaischen Schichtsystemen mittels RFA

In‐line analysing of photovoltaic layers with high precision by X‐ray fluorescence The effective control of coating process requires to ascertain online information on the current coating thickness and the stoichiometry. New instruments for energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF) allow to measure single‐, multi‐ or alloy layers in the thickness range from 20 nm to 50 μm on different substrates (metal, plastics). It is necessary to design an optimal route of the X‐ray line. To reach a maximum measuring effect it is possible to minimize the statistical error for a short measuring period. Observing the condition of a real coating process is important to guarantee the measuring parameters over the whole operation period. A special protection system for each measuring unit against the process influences has to build up. Some design rules for construction and the software are discussed. Real measuring unit is shown.     

The Nanoassembly of an Intrinsically Cytotoxic Near‐Infrared Dye for Multifunctionally Synergistic Theranostics

The combination of diagnostic and therapeutic functions in a single theranostic nanoagent generally requires the integration of multi‐ingredients. Herein, a cytotoxic near‐infrared (NIR) dye (IR‐797) and its nanoassembly are reported for multifunctional cancer theranostics. The hydrophobic IR‐797 molecules are self‐assembled into nanoparticles, which are further modified with an amphiphilic polymer (C18PMH‐PEG5000) on the surface. The prepared PEG‐IR‐797 nanoparticles (PEG‐IR‐797 NPs) possess inherent cytotoxicity from the IR‐797 dye and work as a chemotherapeutic drug which induces apoptosis of cancer cells. The IR‐797 NPs are found to have an ultrahigh mass extinction coefficient (444.3 L g^?1 cm^?1 at 797 nm and 385.9 L g^?1 cm^?1 at 808 nm) beyond all reported organic nanomaterials (<40 L g^?1 cm^?1) for superior photothermal therapy (PTT). In addition, IR‐797 shows some aggregation‐induced‐emission (AIE) properties. Combining the merits of good NIR absorption, high photothermal energy conversion efficiency, and AIE, makes the PEG‐IR‐797 NPs useful for multimodal NIR AIE fluorescence, photoacoustic, and thermal imaging‐guided therapy. The research exhibits the possibility of using a single ingredient and entity to perform multimodal NIR fluorescence, photoacoustic, and thermal imaging‐guided chemo‐/photothermal combination therapy, which may trigger wide interest from the fields of nanomedicine and medicinal chemistry to explore multifunctional theranostic organic molecules.     

Nanodiamond as the pH‐Responsive Vehicle for an Anticancer Drug

Cis‐dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (CDDP, cisplatin), a widely used anticancer drug, is successfully loaded onto nanodiamond (ND) by adsorption and complexation. The CDDP–ND composite is characterized by IR spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. CDDP is released from the composite in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) of pH 6.0 at a rate higher than in PBS of pH 7.4. Therefore, it is predicted that the ND vehicle would deliver low concentrations of CDDP in the blood, but release much more drug after integration into the acidic cytoplasm, thereby reducing toxic side effects. The complexation between CDDP and the carboxyl groups on the ND surface is responsible for the pH‐responsive release property. The drug released from the composite retains the same cytotoxicity as free CDDP against human cervical cancer cells.     

Application of liquisolid technology for promoting the renoprotective efficacy of walnut extracts in chronic renal failure rat model

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is among the major health problems that could lead to increased morbidity and mortality among population. ‘Nutraceuticals’ is an emerging field for natural agents from plant foods that could reduce the progression of such disease. Many newly developed drugs are having bioavailability problems owing to their water insolubility. Liquisolid technique is one of the promising technological approaches to increase solubility and hence, drug absorption. The aim of the present research is to prepare and evaluate the renoprotective effect of the walnut extracts liquisolid formulations in CRF rat model. Saturation solubility study claimed PEG 400 and Tween 20 as good solubilizers for walnut extracts, thus chosen for preparation. The angle of slide was determined for the carrier; microcrystalline cellulose and coating material; silicon dioxide and liquid load factor was evaluated. Eight liquisolid systems were prepared employing 25% and 50% of liquid medication. Their flow and compressibility parameters showed good properties. Dissolution study was more in favor of formulations prepared using PEG 400. Of these, formulation F8 comprising carrier/coat ratio (10:1) and 50% liquid medication, showing superior dissolution properties was selected to perform stability and in-vivo evaluations. Two CRF induced rat groups received F8 at two oral doses (50 and 100?mg/kg). Biochemical and nutritional parameters were compared with both normal and CRF control rats. Results showed improvement of renal function, oxidative stress, antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers as well as increased appetite and body weight gain on administration of both doses of walnut liquisolid formulation, F8.     

Anti‐Biofouling Polymer‐Decorated Lutetium‐Based Nanoparticulate Contrast Agents for In Vivo High‐Resolution Trimodal Imaging

Nanomaterials have gained considerable attention and interest in the development of novel and high‐resolution contrast agents for medical diagnosis and prognosis in clinic. A classical urea‐based homogeneous precipitation route that combines the merits of in situ thermal decomposition and surface modification is introduced to construct polyethylene glycol molecule (PEG)‐decorated hybrid lutetium oxide nanoparticles (PEG–UCNPs). By utilizing the admirable optical and magnetic properties of the yielded PEG–UCNPs, in vivo up‐conversion luminescence and T₁‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of small animals are conducted, revealing obvious signals after subcutaneous and intravenous injection, respectively. Due to the strong X‐ray absorption and high atomic number of lanthanide elements, X‐ray computed‐tomography imaging based on PEG–UCNPs is then designed and carried out, achieving excellent imaging outcome in animal experiments. This is the first example of the usage of hybrid lutetium oxide nanoparticles as effective nanoprobes. Furthermore, biodistribution, clearance route, as well as long‐term toxicity are investigated in detail after intravenous injection in a murine model, indicating the overall safety of PEG–UCNPs. Compared with previous lanthanide fluorides, our nanoprobes exhibit more advantages, such as facile construction process and nearly total excretion from the animal body within a month. Taken together, these results promise the use of PEG–UCNPs as a safe and efficient nanoparticulate contrast agent for potential application in multimodal imaging.     

Enabling Flexible Heterostructures for Li‐Ion Battery Anodes Based on Nanotube and Liquid‐Phase Exfoliated 2D Gallium Chalcogenide Nanosheet Colloidal Solutions

2D metal chalcogenide (MC) nanosheets (NS) have displayed high capacities as lithium‐ion battery (LiB) anodes. Nevertheless, their complicated synthesis routes coupled with low electronic conductivity greatly limit them as promising LiB electrode material. Here, this work reports a facile single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) percolating strategy for efficiently maximizing the electrochemical performances of gallium chalcogenide (GaX, X = S or Se). Multiscaled flexible GaX NS/SWCNT heterostructures with abundant voids for Li⁺ diffusion are fabricated by embedding the liquid‐exfoliated GaX NS matrix within a SWCNT‐percolated network; the latter improves the electron transport and ion diffusion kinetics as well as maintains the mechanical flexibility. Consequently, high capacities (i.e., 838 mAh g^?1 per gallium (II) sulfide (GaS) NS/SWCNT mass and 1107 mAh g^?1 per GaS mass; the latter is close to the theoretical value) and good rate capabilities are achieved, which can be majorly attributed to the alloying processes of disordered Ga formed after the first irreversible GaX conversion reaction, as monitored by in situ X‐ray diffraction. The presented approach, colloidal solution processing of SWCNT and liquid‐exfoliated MC NS to produce flexible paper‐based electrode, could be generalized for wearable energy storage devices with promising performances.     

Iodine‐Rich Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for CT/Fluorescence Dual‐Modal Imaging‐Guided Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising technique for cancer therapy, providing good therapeutic efficacy with minimized side effect. However, the lack of oxygen supply in the hypoxic tumor site obviously restricts the generation of singlet oxygen (¹O₂), thus limiting the efficacy of PDT. So far, the strategies to improve PDT efficacy usually rely on complicated nanosystems, which require sophisticated design or complex synthetic procedure. Herein, iodine‐rich semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPN‐I) for enhanced PDT, using iodine‐induced intermolecular heavy‐atom effect to elevate the ¹O₂ generation, are designed and prepared. The nanoparticles are composed of a near‐infrared (NIR) absorbing semiconducting polymer (PCPDTBT) serving as the photosensitizer and source of fluorescence signal, and an iodine‐grafted amphiphilic diblock copolymer (PEG‐PHEMA‐I) serving as the ¹O₂ generation enhancer and nanocarrier. Compared with SPN composed of PEG‐b‐PPG‐b‐PEG and PCPDTBT (SPN‐P), SPN‐I can enhance the ¹O₂ generation by 1.5‐fold. In addition, SPN‐I have high X‐ray attenuation coefficient because of the high density of iodine in PEG‐PHEMA‐I, providing SPN‐I the ability of use with computed tomography (CT) and fluorescence dual‐modal imaging. The study thus provides a simple nanotheranostic platform composed of two components for efficient CT/fluorescence dual‐modal imaging‐guided enhanced PDT.     

Dissolution thermodynamics and solubility of silymarin in PEG 400-water mixtures at different temperatures

An isothermal method was used to measure the solubility of silymarin in binary polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) + water co-solvent mixtures at temperatures T?=?298.15–333.15?K and pressure p?=?0.1?MPa. Apelblat and Yalkowsky models were used to correlate experimental solubility data. The mole fraction solubility of silymarin was found to increase with increasing the temperature and mass fraction of PEG 400 in co-solvent mixtures. The root mean square deviations were observed in the range of 0.48–5.32% and 1.50–9.65% for the Apelblat equation and Yalkowsky model, respectively. The highest and lowest mole fraction solubility of silymarin was observed in pure PEG 400 (0.243 at 298.15?K) and water (1.46?×?10^?5 at 298.15?K). Finally, thermodynamic parameters were determined by Van’t Hoff and Krug analysis, which indicated an endothermic and spontaneous dissolution of silymarin in all co-solvent mixtures.     

Long-Term Skin Permeation Kinetics of Estradiol (I): Effect of Drug Solubilizer-Polyethylene Glycol 400

A skin permeation cell was recently developed to overcome the deficiencies noted in the currently available in vitro diffusion cells, and to provide a cell design which is suitable for studying the long-term drug permeation kinetics through the skin and is also sensitive enough for assessing the mechanisms of skin permeation by a high performance liquid chromatography.

To evaluate the rote of drug reservoir concentration in the kinetics of skin permeation as well as to maintain a sink condition in the receptor solution, the water-miscible polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 was incorporated into the saline solution to act as a solubilizer to enhance the aqueous solubility of the relative water-insoluble estradiol. The equilibrium solubility of estradiol at 37°C was observed to in crease exponentially as increasing the volume fraction of PEG 400 added.

The rates o f permeation of estradiol across the male and female hairless mouse, whole and stripped skins excised freshly from the abdominal region, were measured a t various PEG concentrations and the permeability coefficients were determined. The permeability co-efficients were found t o decrease as increasing the PEG concentration. A linear relationship was established between th e permeability co-efficients and the skin /solution partition coefficients and the steady-stated if fusivity was calculated. Effect of sex was assessed.

The rate of permeation and the permeability coefficient across the stratum corneum were determined, using t h e multi-laminated dif-fusional resistance model. Results demonstrated that the stratum corneum acts as the rate-limiting barrier in the skin permeation of estradiol and the incorporation of upto 40% v/v PEG 400 does not in-fluence the barrier propertiesof stratum corneum, even though PEG 400 has been found to affect the aqueous solubility, permeability co-efficient, and skin /solution partition coefficient of estradiol.     

GraftFast Surface Engineering to Improve MOF Nanoparticles Furtiveness

Controlling the outer surface of nanometric metal–organic frameworks (nanoMOFs) and further understanding the in vivo effect of the coated material are crucial for the convenient biomedical applications of MOFs. However, in most studies, the surface modification protocol is often associated with significant toxicity and/or lack of selectivity. As an alternative, how the highly selective and general grafting GraftFast method leads, through a green and simple process, to the successful attachment of multifunctional biopolymers (polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hyaluronic acid) on the external surface of nanoMOFs is reported. In particular, effectively PEGylated iron trimesate MIL‐100(Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit suitable grafting stability and superior chemical and colloidal stability in different biofluids, while conserving full porosity and allowing the adsorption of bioactive molecules (cosmetic and antitumor agents). Furthermore, the nature of the MOF–PEG interaction is deeply investigated using high‐resolution soft X‐ray spectroscopy. Finally, a cell penetration study using the radio‐labeled antitumor agent gemcitabine monophosphate (³H‐GMP)‐loaded MIL‐100(Fe)@PEG NPs shows reduced macrophage phagocytosis, confirming a significant in vitro PEG furtiveness.     

g-C_3N_4/NiO复合材料的制备及其对AP热分解的影响EI北大核心CSCD

通过混合煅烧法制备出g-C_3N_4/NiO复合材料,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)对其结构和形貌进行表征,利用差热分析(DTA)和热失重(TG)研究其对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解的影响。结果表明:纳米NiO均匀分散于g-C_3N_4的表面,g-C_3N_4/NiO使AP的高温和低温分解峰合并,高温分解温度降低62.5℃,表现出良好的催化作用。g-C_3N_4/NiO的复合催化效果优于单独使用g-C_3N_4或NiO,说明g-C_3N_4和NiO具有协同催化作用。     

Crystalline structure and morphology of biaxially oriented polypropylene film under the coexistence of organic silica particles and its influence on the adsorption diffusion of polar solvent molecules

In this article, a silica/EVA/PP composite was prepared by melt‐blending nanosilica with polypropylene, and a surface‐modified BOPP film was prepared by using this as raw material. SEM studies have shown the special microscopic morphology of the surface and its cross section. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) characterized and analysed crystallinity, molecular orientation, and grain size in the modified film. Furthermore, the presence of microholes in the modified film was verified by positron annihilation spectroscopy. The results show that compared with the unmodified films, the modified BOPP films have higher crystallinity and smaller grain size. Its dense surface structure and reticular fibre bundle structure make the diffusion coefficient and solubility of ethyl acetate small in the film. The mechanical properties, barrier properties, heat resistance, and ink adhesion of this film have been significantly improved. Modified film can be used as the food packaging film which has high performance and low residue.     

UV–Ozone Interfacial Modification in Organic Transistors for High‐Sensitivity NO2 Detection

A new type of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) gas sensor based on copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin film transistors (TFTs) with a simple, low‐cost UV–ozone (UVO)‐treated polymeric gate dielectric is reported here. The NO₂ sensitivity of these TFTs with the dielectric surface UVO treatment is ≈400× greater for [NO₂] = 30 ppm than for those without UVO treatment. Importantly, the sensitivity is ≈50× greater for [NO₂] = 1 ppm with the UVO‐treated TFTs, and a limit of detection of ≈400 ppb is achieved with this sensing platform. The morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition of the gate dielectric and CuPc films are analyzed by atomic force microscopy, grazing incident X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, revealing that the enhanced sensing performance originates from UVO‐derived hydroxylated species on the dielectric surface and not from chemical reactions between NO₂ and the dielectric/semiconductor components. This work demonstrates that dielectric/semiconductor interface engineering is essential for readily manufacturable high‐performance TFT‐based gas sensors.     

Preformulation studies of novel 5′-O-carbonates of lamivudine with biological activity: solubility and stability assays

As a part of preformulation studies, the aim of this work was to examine the solubility and stability of a series of 5′-O-carbonates of lamivudine with proven antihuman immunodeficiency virus activity. Solubility studies were carried out using pure solvents (water, ethanol and polyethylene glycol 400 [PEG 400]), as well as cosolvents in binary mixture systems (water–ethanol and water–PEG 400). These ionizable compounds showed that their aqueous solubility is decreasing as the carbon length of the substituent moiety increases, but being enhanced as the pH was reduced from 7.4 to 1.2. Thus, 3TC-Metha an active compound of the series, with an intrinsic solubility at 25?°C of 17?mg/mL, was about 70 times more soluble than 3TC-Octa (0.24?mg/mL), and at pHs of 1.2, 5.8 and 7.4 had intrinsic solubilities of 36.48, 19.20 and 15.40?mg/mL, respectively. In addition, the solubility was enhanced significantly by using ethanol and PEG 400 as cosolvents. A stability study was conducted in buffer solutions at pH 1.2, 5.8, 7.4 and 13.0 and in human plasma at 37?°C. Stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography procedure was found to be selective, sensitive and accurate for these compounds and good recovery, linearity and precision were also observed.     

Long-Term Skin Permeation Kinetics of Estradiol (I): Effect of Drug Solubilizer-Polyethylene Glycol 400

Abstract

A skin permeation cell was recently developed to overcome the deficiencies noted in the currently available in vitro diffusion cells, and to provide a cell design which is suitable for studying the long-term drug permeation kinetics through the skin and is also sensitive enough for assessing the mechanisms of skin permeation by a high performance liquid chromatography.

To evaluate the rote of drug reservoir concentration in the kinetics of skin permeation as well as to maintain a sink condition in the receptor solution, the water-miscible polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 was incorporated into the saline solution to act as a solubilizer to enhance the aqueous solubility of the relative water-insoluble estradiol. The equilibrium solubility of estradiol at 37°C was observed to in crease exponentially as increasing the volume fraction of PEG 400 added.

The rates o f permeation of estradiol across the male and female hairless mouse, whole and stripped skins excised freshly from the abdominal region, were measured a t various PEG concentrations and the permeability coefficients were determined. The permeability co-efficients were found t o decrease as increasing the PEG concentration. A linear relationship was established between th e permeability co-efficients and the skin /solution partition coefficients and the steady-stated if fusivity was calculated. Effect of sex was assessed.

The rate of permeation and the permeability coefficient across the stratum corneum were determined, using t h e multi-laminated dif-fusional resistance model. Results demonstrated that the stratum corneum acts as the rate-limiting barrier in the skin permeation of estradiol and the incorporation of upto 40% v/v PEG 400 does not in-fluence the barrier propertiesof stratum corneum, even though PEG 400 has been found to affect the aqueous solubility, permeability co-efficient, and skin /solution partition coefficient of estradiol.     

Enhanced In Vitro Biocompatibility and Water Dispersibility of Magnetite and Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Employed as ROS Formation Enhancer in Radiation Cancer Therapy

Efficient magnetic reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation enhancing agents after X‐ray treatment are realized by functionalizing superparamagnetic magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and Co‐ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) nanoparticles with self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs). The Fe₃O₄ and CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles are synthesized using Massart's coprecipitation technique. Successful surface modification with the SAM forming compounds 1‐methyl‐3‐(dodecylphosphonic acid) imidazolium bromide, or (2‐{2‐[2‐hydroxy‐ethoxy]‐ethoxy}‐ethyl phosphonic acid provides biocompatibility and long‐term stability of the Fe₃O₄ and CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles in cell media. The SAM‐stabilized ferrite nanoparticles are characterized with dynamic light scattering, X‐ray powder diffraction, a superconducting quantum interference device, Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis. The impact of the SAM‐stabilized nanoparticles on the viability of the MCF‐7 cells and healthy human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is assessed using the neutral red assay. Under X‐ray exposure with a single dosage of 1 Gy the intracellular SAM stabilized Fe₃O₄ and CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles are observed to increase the level of ROS in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells but not in healthy HUVECs. The drastic ROS enhancement is associated with very low dose modifying factors for a survival fraction of 50%. This significant ROS enhancement effect by SAM‐stabilized Fe₃O₄ and CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles constitutes their excellent applicability in radiation therapy.