磁感应强度对电磁离心铸造高铬铸铁的影响

为了提高高铬铸铁衬板的力学性能,使用电磁离心铸造浇注,并和常规重力离心铸造的试样进行了对比。结果表明,电磁离心铸造获得的试样组织明显细化,晶粒数量增多,晶粒尺寸细小,力学性能提高。当离心转速为1500r/min,磁感应强度为0.5T时,电磁离心铸造铸态试样的硬度(HRC)为55.3,冲击韧度为6.87J/cm2;热处理后的硬度(HRC)为65.3,冲击韧度达到7.3J/cm2。试样硬度比常规铸造试样提高了约10%,冲击韧度提高了约9%,相对耐磨性提高了约5%。     

电磁离心铸造对高铬铸铁冲击韧度的影响

为了提高高铬铸铁的冲击韧性,使用电磁离心铸造方法对高铬铸铁进行浇铸。结果表明:电磁离心铸造获得试样的组织明显细化,晶粒数量增多,晶粒尺寸变小,冲击韧度等力学性能提高。当离心转速为1800r/min,磁感应强度为0.4T时,电磁离心铸造铸态试样的冲击韧度为6.9J/cm2。冲击韧度较常规试样提高。     

电磁离心铸造对高铬铸铁性能的影响

为了提高高铬铸铁衬板的力学性能,本实验使用电磁离心铸造方法进行试样浇铸,同常规浇铸的试样进行比对。结果表明:电磁离心铸造获得试样的组织明显细化,晶粒数量增多,晶粒尺寸变小,力学性能提高。当离心转速为1500 r/mi n,磁感应强度为0.5T时,电磁离心铸造铸态试样的硬度为55.3 HRC,热处理后硬度为65.3 HRC。铸造硬度较常规试样提高10%,相对耐磨性β较常规浇铸试样提高5%。     

稀土对高合金铁基凸轮烧结材料组织与性能的影响

研究了在铁基凸轮烧结材料中添加稀土后,稀土对材料的组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明,加入一定量的稀土可以提高烧结密度,促进材料致密化,细化试样晶粒,改善碳化物形状,提高材料的硬度和冲击韧度,改善试样的耐磨性.当稀土添加量为0.2％时,试样的综合力学性能最好,与未添加稀土试样相比,硬度提高了11％,冲击韧度提高了48％,耐磨性明显提高.     

转速对电磁离心铸造高碳高速钢组织和性能的影响

采用自制的电磁离心铸造机,在磁场强度0.1 T下,对不同转速下电磁离心铸造高碳高速钢的铸态组织和热处理后的组织与性能进行实验研究。结果表明:随着电磁离心铸造机转速的增加,高碳高速钢的铸态组织中共晶碳化物变得越来越细小,沿晶界分布的粗大的碳化物(VC)逐渐变成点状和尖角状。各种转速下,电磁离心铸造高碳高速钢热处理后的硬度、冲击韧度和耐磨性能比普通铸造的高碳高速钢都有明显提高。     

不同钒含量对低铬合金铸铁组织和性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、硬度及冲击韧度仪,研究了钒含量对低铬合金铸铁组织和性能的影响。结果表明:随着钒含量的增加,铸态试样的硬度和冲击韧度都增大;钒含量达到1%时,硬度可达到HRC 56.7,钒含量为0.75%时,冲击韧度达到最大值5.75 J/cm2;经过950℃保温3 h热处理后,试样的硬度和冲击韧度都有较大程度的提高;钒含量为0.75%试样的硬度达到HRC 63.3,钒含量为0.5%试样的冲击韧度达到9.13 J/cm2。钒的加入不仅可以细化晶粒,也可以提高材料性能。热处理后金相组织中网状碳化物数量减少,局部出现断网,碳化物尖角钝化,有白色碳化物析出。     

浇注温度对ZA27合金凝固组织和冲击韧度的影响

以ZA27合金为对象,研究了不同浇注温度对其凝固组织、冲击韧度和断口形貌的影响,结果表明:500℃浇注时,试样凝固组织中α相呈发达的枝晶状,其占有率最大为35.52％,试样断口中撕裂棱短小,韧窝细小均匀分布,冲击韧度值最高为100 J/cm2;当浇注温度为450℃时,α相呈块状或破碎枝晶状,占有率为31％,断口中韧窝细小但分布不均匀,冲击韧度值为84 J/cm2;当浇注温度高于500℃时,从550～650℃的升高过程中,α相由枝晶状逐渐转变成块状,其占有率由32.68％减小到26.21％,600℃的断口中韧窝数量少尺寸大,撕裂棱具有一定方向性,冲击韧度由91 J/cm2减小到74 J/cm2；浇注温度为500℃时ZA27合金的冲击韧度最好.     

离心铸造AZ81镁合金的组织结构和力学性能研究

分别采用离心铸造和金属型重力铸造制备了AZ81镁合金试样,并对两种试样的晶粒结构、第二相分布与拉伸性能、硬度等进行了比较。试验结果表明,与金属型重力铸造相比,离心铸造试件的晶粒明显细化,抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率有明显提高,显微硬度有所提高。     

离心转速对Mg-6Al-1Ca-1Nd合金组织和性能的影响

以Mg-6Al-1Ca-1Nd合金为研究对象,通过重力铸造和离心铸造制备出Mg-6Al-1Ca-1Nd合金试样,运用光学金相分析(OM)、扫描电子显微分析(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、硬度测试等多种分析和测试手段,系统研究了重力铸造和离心转速对Mg-6Al-1Ca-1Nd合金组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,与重力铸造试样相比,离心铸造Mg-6Al-1Ca-1Nd镁合金的晶粒得到了显著的细化,并且离心铸造试样为等轴晶。随着离心转速增加,合金的晶粒尺寸减小。XRD分析表明,离心铸造镁合金试样的中间相为Mg17Al12、Al2Nd和Al2Ca;而重力铸造试样中没有发现Al2Ca相的衍射峰,Mg17Al12和Al2Nd的衍射峰比较弱。硬度随离心转速增加而持续增加,离心速度为1541r/min时,硬度(HV)达到最大,为58.5。     

变质及热处理对ASSAB88组织及性能的影响

对ASSAB 88冷作模具钢进行变质以及热处理,探讨了Sr变质剂和镍粉的加入对钢的碳化物及晶粒的影响.并且通过对硬度和冲击韧度的测定讨论了综合性能要求较高的冷作模具钢ASSAB 88的碳含量的选择.试验结果表明:通过硬度以及冲击韧度的测试得出,较合适的碳质量分数为0.9%;Sr变质剂在质量分数0.3%范围内加入以后.试样中磷的质量分数明显下降,由0.031%降为0921%,综合力学性能显著提高,如冲击韧度由18.9J/cm2增加到28.8J/cm2;镍粉加入以后碳化物和晶粒的形貌发生了改善,碳化物网状结构逐渐断开,孤立程度增加:钢经过淬火和回火处理以后钢中碳化物的分布均匀,逐渐趋向于弥散分布,出现部分溶解,晶粒有细化趋势.     

大直径铸钢套筒的离心铸造研究

主要介绍了卧式离心铸造大直径铸钢套筒的方法。讨论了降低套筒气孔和铸造裂纹的工艺措施，离心铸造铸钢套筒具有组织致密、均匀、工艺出口率高和铸件加工量少等特点，生产成本比普通静态铸造降低20%以上，用作铝箔轧机的出口端卷筒，获得了较好的效果。     

电磁离心凝固过程中宏观偏析的数值模拟

基于连续模型建立了非惯性坐标系下电磁离心凝固过程流动、传热、传质耦合数学模型．依此模型对Al-5％Cu合金进行了模拟计算．结果表明，电磁离心凝固过程中，电磁力使熔体的平均径向运动速度下降．熔体流动状态的改变使凝固合金外层的逆偏析减轻，凝固过程中两相区的负偏析也减轻．与普通离心铸造相比，电磁离心凝固可减轻铸件宏观偏析．模拟结果与实测铸件成分分布基本吻合，表明本数学模型较好地描述了电磁离心凝固过程．     

Effect of low frequency electromagnetic field on microstructures and macrosegregation of horizontal direct chillcasting aluminum alloy

1　INTRODUCTIONTheDC(directchill)castingprocessisawell estab lishedproductionrouteforaluminumalloyandhasbeenclassifiedintoVDC(verticaldirectchill)castingandHDC(horizontaldirectchill)castingprocess .AscomparedwithVDCprocess ,HDCprocesshasmanyadvantagessuchaslowerinvestmentcost,higherflexibility ,longercastingtimes[13] .However,HDCprocesshassomechar acteristictechnicalproblemsduetogravitydifferencebe tweentopsurfaceandbottomsurfaceathorizontalportion ,which ,inturn ,resultsininhomogen…     

电磁连铸对AZ31镁合金组织及力学性能的影响

通过电磁连铸和普通连铸方法对AZ31镁合金进行连铸实验,对比分析有、无电磁场作用下的铸坯凝固宏观、微观组织和力学性能,并利用扫描电镜分析镁合金的断裂机理。结果表明:当表观直流电流为40~50 A时获得最佳磁场分布,此时电磁连铸的镁合金组织细小、均匀,树枝晶呈破碎状,其力学性能尤其是塑性变形能力显著提高,常温抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率较普通连铸分别提高17%,50%和81%,断口形貌显示其断裂具有韧性断裂的特性。     

固液混合铸造高铬铸铁的热变形性能研究

采用一种新的材料制备技术-固液混合铸造工艺制备了高铬铸铁合金坯料,对合金进行了高温热压试验,并对热压过程和合金组织进行了观察和分析。研究结果表明,固液混合铸造的高铬铸铁合金相对于普通铸造合金的热变形性能得到明显提高,累计墩粗变形比可达到34%以上,固液混合铸造工艺对高铬铸铁合金组织的改善是提高材料热变形性能的主要原因。     

Effect of casting technology on microstructure and phases of high carbon high speed steel

The as-cast microstructures of high carbon high speed steels (HC-HSS) made by sand casting,centrifugal casting and electromagnetic centrifugal casting, respectively, were studied by using of optical microscopy (OM) and D/max2200pc X-ray diffraction. The results show that the microstructure of as-cast HCHSS is dominated by alloy carbides (W2C, VC, Cr7C3), martensite and austenite. The centrifugal casting and electromagnetic centrifugal casting apparently improve the solidification structure of HC-HSS. With the increase of magnetic intensity (B), the volume fraction of austenite in the HC-HSS solidification structure increases significantly while the eutectic ledeburite decreases. Moreover, the secondary carbides precipitated from the austenite are finer with more homogeneous distribution in the electromagnetic centrifugal castings. It has also been found that the lath of eutectic carbide in ledeburite becomes finer and carbide phase spacing in eutectic ledeburite increases along with the higher magnetic field strength.     

工艺参数对SL原型钛合金快速离心精铸充填率的影响

通过栅格试样浇注实验研究了工艺参数对基于SL原型钛合金立式离心快速精密铸造充填率的影响.试验结果表明,试样铸件厚度越大,离心半径越大,离心转速越高,铸件型壳的充填率越高.同时通过离心加速度综合分析了离心半径和离心转速对充型率的影响,当离心加速度大于某一临界值时,即可充填满不同厚度的试样,且试样越厚,充填满试样所需的临界离心加速度越小.     

电磁离心铸造Al-20Si过共晶合金中硅相组织演变规律

采用电磁离心铸造的方法制备了Al-20Si(质量分数,下同)过共晶合金空心管坯,研究了电磁场对合金凝固组织及硅相形貌的影响.结果表明,随磁场强度增加铸坯外侧硅相聚集层厚度不断减小;与传统离心铸造的铝硅过共晶合金微观组织相比,施加电磁场后凝固组织中初晶硅相得到细化,外侧硅相形貌逐渐由典型的五瓣星形成为沿热流方向生长的初晶硅枝晶,内侧硅相受到电磁搅拌作用发生合并凝聚和钝化;初晶硅相尺寸及形状因子随磁场强度增加在不断减小.电磁搅拌破坏了硅相呈放射状排列的结构,共晶硅分布杂乱,且共晶团共晶片层间距逐渐增加.     

Effect of centrifugal rotational speed on wedge castability of titanium

This study examined the effects of the speed and force in centrifugal casting on the wedge castability of Ti-5 mass%Cu (Ti-5Cu) alloy and commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti). The Ti-5Cu alloy was prepared by argon-arc melting. Whole wedge-shaped acrylic patterns were prepared with either 15° or 30° angles and invested with a MgO-based material. The wedge specimens were cast using a centrifugal casting machine at rotational speeds of 600, 1000, 1250, 1500 and 3000 rpm. Mold filling, an index for a measure of castability, was determined as the missing length between the edge of the cast wedge and the theoretical acute tip of the triangle. CP-Ti was used as a control. An analytical model was developed to relate the mold-filling index to the surface energy and rotational speed. The experimental results indicate that the means of the mold-filling index of the 30° wedge angle were lower than those of the 15° wedge angle when compared for each corresponding metal and rotational speed. In each angle for CP-Ti, the means tended to reduce with increase in the rotational speed. The mold-filling index of 5% Cu titanium was found to be similar to that of CP-Ti, even for 15° wedge when the rotational speed was higher than 1250 rpm. The results suggest that dental prosthesis, which has narrow cross sections containing very narrow regions (for example, clasps of a denture), can be cast successfully by utilizing high rotational speed during centrifugal casting. The complex dependence of mold-filling index on wedge angle and rotational speed is explained on the basis of the analytical model and the dependence of the apparent surface energy on rotation speed.