2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺分光光度法同时测定铂与钯

提出了以2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-Br-PADAM)作显色剂光度法同时测定铂和钯的新方法。在0.2～3.0mol/L高氯酸介质中,Pd(Ⅱ)与5-Br-PADAM可形成稳定的络合物,其最大吸收波长位于609nm处;在pH3.5～4.8的弱酸性介质中,Pt(与5-Br-PADAM定量反应,铂络合物形成后非常稳定,以强酸酸化可转化为另一种质子化型体。在609nm处,二者的吸光度具有良好的加和性。基于二者显色酸度的差异,建立了铂、钯同时测定新方法,显色反应的摩尔吸光系数分别为εPd=8.2×104L.mol-1.cm-1和εPt=5.5×104L.mol-1.cm-1。铂、钯浓度分别在0～1.1mg/L和0～1.4mg/L符合比尔定律。方法用于合金和催化剂中微量铂和钯的同时测定,结果与AAS法测定结果相符,相对标准偏差在0.50%～2.0%之间。     

2-(5-溴-4-甲基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺双波长叠加光度法同时测定钯和铑

以试剂2-(5-溴-4-甲基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-Br-4-CH₃-PADMA)为显色剂,建立了双波长叠加分光光度法同时测定铑和钯的新方法。结果表明:钯与5-Br-4-CH₃-PADMA在0.9~4.2 mol/L 高氯酸介质中,形成稳定络合物;而铑与5-Br-4-CH₃-PADMA在pH值为4.2~5.0的近中性介质中形成稳定络合物,络合物一旦形成则很稳定,向其中加入强酸酸化,该配合物不仅不分解,反而吸收峰红移,吸光度增大。研究还发现,铑、钯与5-Br-4-CH₃-PADMA形成的络合物,均呈现两个强弱不等的吸收峰,强峰分别位于605 nm和606 nm,弱峰分别位于558 nm和563 nm。在605 nm和562 nm处,其各自的强弱峰对应的吸光度之和与溶液中铑、钯的质量浓度具有良好的线性关系。铑、钯质量浓度分别在0~0.55 μg/mL 和0~1.04 μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律;利用双波长叠加的分光光度法测得铑、钯的表观摩尔吸光系数分别为ε_Rh=2.64×10⁵ L·mol^-1·cm^-1和ε_Pd= 1.40 ×10⁵ L·mol^-1·cm^-1,铑络合物的组成为n(Rh)∶n(5-Br-4-CH₃-PADMA) =1∶2,钯络合物的组成为n(Pd)∶n(5-Br-4-CH₃-PADMA)=1∶1。方法用于实际样品催化剂中铑和钯的同时测定,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为1.4%和4.9%,测定值与原子吸收光谱法测定值相一致。     

2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺与钯显色反应的研究及其应用

探讨了2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-I-PADMA)与钯(Ⅱ)的显色反应。实验表明,在0.6 mol/L高氯酸介质中,5-I-PADMA与钯(Ⅱ) 反应形成摩尔比为1∶1的蓝色稳定络合物,该络合物最大吸收峰位于613 nm处。钯(Ⅱ)含量在0~0.6 μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律,线性回归方程为△A=0.828 4 ρ(μg/mL)- 0.001 6,相关系数r=0.999 9,表观摩尔吸光系数为8.82 × 10⁴ L·mol^-1·cm^-1。方法应用于钯分子筛和矿样中钯的测定,结果与原子吸收光谱法一致,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.2%～1.4%。     

双波长叠加5-(5-磺酸-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯光度法测定钯

合成了新试剂5-(5-磺酸-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-SO₃H-PADAT),用红外光谱和核磁共振波谱对其结构进行了表征,研究了该试剂与钯(Ⅱ)的显色反应并建立了双波长叠加光度法测定钯(Ⅱ)的方法。结果表明:在0.06~1.8 mol/L H₂SO₄介质中,该试剂与钯(Ⅱ)形成稳定的络合物,该络合物有两个吸收峰,分别位于580 nm和543 nm处;钯(Ⅱ)质量浓度在0.04~1.2 μg/mL之间符合比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.49×10⁵ L·mol^-1·cm^-1。方法用于钯分子筛和钯炭催化剂中钯的测定,所得结果与西北有色金属研究院西安凯立化工有限公司提供的参考值相符,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为1.3%和2.6%,回收率分别为94%和108%。     

5-(5-氰基-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯的合成及其与钯的显色反应

合成了新试剂 5-(5-氰基-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯 ( 5-CN-PADAT ),探讨了该试剂与Pd 的显色反应。实验表明:在1.2 mol/L HClO₄中,于室温下Pd 可与5-CN-PADAT反应,生成组成比为1∶1的紫红色稳定配合物。配合物的最大吸收波长位于 586 nm 处,Pd的质量浓度在 0~1.2 μg/mL 范围内符合比尔定律,线性回归方程为 A=1.110 ρ (μg/mL) ＋ 0.008 6,相关系数r=0.999 9,表观摩尔吸光系数为 1.20 × 10⁵ L · mol^-1 · cm^-1。反应在强酸介质中进行,大量常见金属离子及 1 250 倍的金,500 倍的锇,250 倍的银和铑,125 倍的铱和铂,75 倍的钌不干扰Pd的测定。方法应用于钯分子筛和钯-炭催化剂中Pd 的测定,结果与参考值相符,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为 2.3% 和3.7%。     

双波长叠加2-(5-溴-4-甲基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨苯胺分光光度法测定钯

探讨了以试剂2-(5-溴-4-甲基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(简称5-Br-4-CH₃-PADMA)为显色剂,应用双波长叠加分光光度法测定钯的方法。试验表明,在1.08 ~ 3.06 mol/L H₂SO₄中,试剂与钯形成稳定的1∶1蓝紫色络合物,该络合物呈现两个强弱不等的吸收峰,分别位于606 nm和564 nm,两个峰的吸光度之和与钯浓度线性相关,钯浓度在0 ~ 1.04 μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数 ε = 1.40 × 10⁵ L·mol^-1·cm^-1。大量常见金属离子不干扰测定。方法用于含钯分子筛和钯-炭催化剂样品中钯的测定,结果与参考值相符,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.8%和2.8%。     

5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯双波长叠加分光光度法同时测定钴和钯

以试剂5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯( 5-I-PADAT )做显色剂,建立了双波长叠加分光光度法同时测定钴和钯的新方法。研究发现,在0.6～2.4 mol/L HClO₄介质中,钯(Ⅱ)与5-I-PADAT反应形成稳定络合物,而在此高酸度下,钴(Ⅱ)则完全不能显色;在pH 3.6~10的缓冲介质中,钴(Ⅱ)与5-I-PADAT反应形成稳定络合物,钴络合物形成后以强酸酸化,提高酸度至0.6~3.0 mol/L HClO₄,可转变为另一种具有较高吸收特性质子化型体。研究还发现,钴(Ⅱ)、钯(Ⅱ)与5-I-PADAT形成的络合物,均呈现两个吸收峰,且吸收峰位置十分接近,强峰分别位于580和583 nm,弱峰分别位于532和543 nm。基于钴(Ⅱ)、钯(Ⅱ)与5-I-PADAT显色酸度的差异以及吸光度的加合性特点,采用双波长叠加,建立了分光光度法同时测定钴和钯的新方法。钴、钯质量浓度分别在0～0.4 μg/mL和0～1.0 μg/mL范围内服从比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数分别为2.17×10⁵ L·mol^-1·cm^-1和1.10×10⁵ L·mol^-1·cm^-1,灵敏度较单波长分别提高1.75和1.53 倍。方法应用于催化剂和矿样中钴和钯的同时测定,测定值与推荐值相一致,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为0.50%～2.3%(钴)和1.0%～1.4%(钯)。     

2-(5-硝基-4-甲基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺激光热透镜光谱法测定矿石中钯

利用He-Ne激光器,观测了2-(5-硝基-4-甲基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-NO₃-4-Me-PADMA)与Pd(II)形成络合物的激光热透镜效应。结果表明,在1.8mol/L H₂SO₄介质中,并在50%丙酮(体积分数,其作用是增强热透镜信号强度)存在的情况下,5-NO₃-Me-PADMA与Pd(II)反应形成蓝绿色络合物,其最大吸收峰位于623nm处,与所用He-Ne激光器输出波长632.8nm接近,据此建立了激光热透镜光谱法(TLS)测定痕量钯的新方法。实验表明,热透镜信号强度与Pd(II)质量浓度在5~250ng/mL范围内符合线性关系,相关系数为0.9989,方法检出限为1.5ng/mL。该法不仅灵敏度高,而且选择性佳,800倍量的Fe³⁺、Co²⁺和Cu²⁺,500倍量的Ni²⁺等常见金属离子以及25倍的Pt(IV),10倍量的Au(III)、Rh(III)、Ru(III)和Os(VIII),5倍量的Ir(III)等贵金属离子不干扰钯的测定。将实验方法应用于矿石中痕量钯的测定,测得结果与火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)基本一致,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.57%~1.3%。     

2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺与钌(Ⅱ)的显色反应及其应用

研究了2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-I-PADMA)与Ru(Ⅱ)的显色反应并以5-I-PADMA作为显色剂分光光度法测定钌的方法。在pH4.0～6.2 HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,盐酸羟胺存在并加热条件下,Ru(Ⅱ)可与5-I-PADMA形成稳定的1∶2络合物。该络合物形成后,可稳定存在于无机酸(HCl,H2SO4,HClO4,H3PO4)中,适宜的酸浓度范围分别为0～2.0 mol/L HCl,0～1.8 mol/L H2SO4,0～1.7 mol/L HCl O4和0～3.0 mol/LH3PO4,其最大吸收峰位于618 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数达5.22×104L.mol-1.cm-1。钌(Ⅱ)浓度在0～1.0 mg/L范围内符合比尔定律。利用EDTA作掩蔽剂,可允许较大量的常见金属离子存在。所拟方法用于钌炭催化剂和钌分子筛中微量钌的测定,相对标准偏差分别为1.2%和0.41%(n=6)。     

双波长叠加5-(5-磺酸-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯光度法测定钯(Ⅱ)

合成了新试剂5-(5-磺酸-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-SO_3H-PADAT),用红外光谱和核磁共振波谱对其结构进行了表征,研究了该试剂与钯(Ⅱ)的显色反应并建立了双波长叠加光度法测定钯(Ⅱ)的方法。结果表明:在0.06~1.8mol/L H_2SO_4介质中,该试剂与钯(Ⅱ)形成稳定的络合物,该络合物有两个吸收峰,分别位于580nm和543nm处;钯(Ⅱ)质量浓度在0.04~1.2μg/mL之间符合比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.49×10~5 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。方法用于钯分子筛和钯炭催化剂中钯的测定,所得结果与西北有色金属研究院西安凯立化工有限公司提供的参考值相符,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为1.3%和2.6%,回收率分别为94%和108%。     

5-Br-PADAT和3,5-Br_2-PADAT作为络合滴定指示剂的应用

研究了 5 [(5 溴 2 吡啶 )偶氮 ] 2 ,4 二氨基甲苯和 5 [(3,5 二溴 2 吡啶 )偶氮 ] 2 ,4 二氨基甲苯作为直接滴定铜和以铜为回滴剂的指示剂的应用 ,以及以前者为指示剂滴定铜与锌等离子总量 ,并借助掩蔽剂以提高选择性 ,成功应用于铜合金等样品的分析。     

5—Br—PADAT和3,5—Br2—PTDAT作为络合滴定指示剂的应用

研究了５－「（５－溴－２－吡啶）偶氮」－２,４－二氨基甲苯和５－「（３,５－二溴－２－吡啶）偶氮」－２,４－二氨基甲苯作为直接滴定铜和以铜为回滴剂的批示剂的应用,以及以前者为指示剂滴定铜与锌等离子总量,并借助掩蔽剂以提高选择性,成功应用于铜合金等样品的分析。     

(+/-)-trans-2-[3-methoxy-4-(4-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-5-(N-methyl-N- hydroxyureidyl)methylphenyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran (CMI-392), a potent dual 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor and platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist

By incorporating an N-hydroxyurea functionality onto diaryltetrahydrofurans, a novel series of compounds was investigated as dual 5-lipoxygenese (5-LO) inhibitor and platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonist. These dual functional compounds were evaluated in vitro for 5-LO inhibition in RBL cell extracts and human whole blood, and PAF receptor antagonism in a receptor binding assay. PAF-induced hemoconcentration and arachidonic acid- and TPA-induced ear edema in mice were used to determine in vivo activities. The structure-activity relationship analysis to define a preclinical lead is presented. (+/-)-trans-2-[3-methoxy-4-(4-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-5-(N-methyl- N-h ydroxyureidyl)methylphenyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran (40, CMI-392) was selected for further study. In the arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear edema model, 40 was more potent than either zileuton (a 5-LO inhibitor) or BN 50739 (a PAF receptor antagonist), and it demonstrated the same inhibitory effect as a physical combination of the latter two agents. These results suggest that a single compound which both inhibits leukotriene synthesis and blocks PAF receptor binding may provide therapeutic advantages over single-acting agents. The clinical development of compound 40 is in progress.     

Synthesis of the selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist (+)-(S)-2-chloro-5-methoxy-4-[5-(2-piperidylmethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-y l]aniline

A 52-year-old white woman was first diagnosed with a tumor of the right optic nerve in 1972. She remained asymptomatic until 1992, when she had a seizure on the left side of her body from a frontoparietal glioblastoma multiforme. Ophthalmic examination revealed enlargement of the eye tumor. This case provides clinical documentation spanning 20 years of a growing, pigmented tumor of the optic nerve head shown histopathologically to be a retinal pigment epithelial adenoma.     

5-(5-氰基-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯分光光度法测定微量钌(II)

研究了钌(II)与5-(5-氰基-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-CN-PADAT)的反应,并将方法应用于钌炭催化、钌分子筛中微量钌的测定。实验表明,盐酸羟胺存在时,在pH 4.0~5.5 HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,钌(II)与试剂形成稳定的深红色络合物,最大吸收波长位于520nm处;使用0.3mol/L HCl酸化后,络合物转变为另一种具有较高吸收特性的双质子化型体,并呈现两个吸收峰,分别位于538nm和611nm。在优化的实验条件下,钌(II)质量浓度在0.1~0.9μg/mL范围内与其在538nm和611nm处的吸光度加和呈线性关系,相关系数为0.9997。表观摩尔吸光系数为1.08×10⁵ L·mol^-1·cm^-1。方法应用于钌炭催化剂、钌分子筛中微量钌的测定,结果与参考值相符,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.3%~3.4%,加标回收率为96.5%~101.0%。     

High-pressure liquid-chromatographic determination of 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin in humanurine

We describe a sensitive and precise high-pressure liquid-chromatographic method for measurement of total 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin, a metabolite of phenytoin, in urine. An aliquot of urine, containing 5-(4-methylphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin as an internal standard, is processed and chromatographed. The metabolite and internal standard are identified from their retention times and quantitated from their relative response factors. The metabolite is separated from normal urine constituents and internal standard in less than 8 min. The sensitivity of the method is such that after the usual dose it can be measured in 0.5 ml of urine; the lower limit of detection is 300 ng.     

Structural optimization affording 2-(R)-(1-(R)-3, 5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylethoxy)-3-(S)-(4-fluoro)phenyl-4- (3-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methylmorpholine, a potent, orally active, long-acting morpholine acetal human NK-1 receptor antagonist

Structural modifications requiring novel synthetic chemistry were made to the morpholine acetal human neurokinin-1 (hNK-1) receptor antagonist 4, and this resulted in the discovery of 2-(R)-(1-(R)-3, 5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylethoxy)-3-(S)-(4-fluoro)phenyl-4-(3-ox o-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl morpholine (17). This modified compound is a potent, long-acting hNK-1 receptor antagonist as evidenced by its ability to displace [125I]Substance P from hNK-1 receptors stably expressed in CHO cells (IC50 = 0.09 +/- 0.06 nM) and by the measurement of the rates of association (k1 = 2.8 +/- 1.1 x 10(8) M-1 min-1) and dissociation (k-1 = 0.0054 +/- 0.003 min-1) of 17 from hNK-1 expressed in Sf9 membranes which yields Kd = 19 +/- 12 pM and a t1/2 for receptor occupancy equal to 154 +/- 75 min. Inflammation in the guinea pig induced by a resiniferatoxin challenge (with NK-1 receptor activation mediating the subsequent increase in vascular permeability) is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the oral preadmininstration of 17 (IC50 (1 h) = 0.008 mg/kg; IC90 (24 h) = 1.8 mg/kg), indicating that this compound has good oral bioavailbility and peripheral duration of action. Central hNK-1 receptor stimulation is also inhibited by the systemic preadministration of 17 as shown by its ability to block an NK-1 agonist-induced foot tapping response in gerbils (IC50 (4 h) = 0.04 +/- 0.006 mg/kg; IC50 (24 h) = 0.33 +/- 0.017 mg/kg) and by its antiemetic actions in the ferret against cisplatin challenge. The activity of 17 at extended time points in these preclinical animal models sets it apart from earlier morpholine antagonists (such as 4), and the piperidine antagonists 2 and 3 and could prove to be an advantage in the treatment of chronic disorders related to the actions of Substance P. In part on the basis of these data, 17 has been identified as a potential clinical candidate for the treatment of peripheral pain, migraine, chemotherapy-induced emesis, and various psychiatric disorders.     

5-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯与铂(Ⅳ)显色反应的研究

研究了5-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-NO2-PADAT)与铂(的显色反应。结果表明,在pH 4.0~6.4的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,铂(可与该试剂形成稳定的1∶1红色络合物,在乙醇存在下,于1.8 mol/L的盐酸介质中可转变为蓝绿色络合物。其最大吸收波长为607 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数可达8.29×104;在10 mL溶液中,铂Ⅳ在0~10μg范围内符合比尔定律;较大量的常见金属离子不干扰测定。本方法灵敏度高、选择性好,用于铂催化剂中微量铂测定,结果满意。     

2-(5-氰基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺与钴的显色反应及其应用

对2-(5-氰基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-CN-PADMA)与钴的显色反应进行了探讨,并将其应用于实际样品中钴的测定。实验表明,在pH 4.5的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,钴与5-CN-PADMA形成稳定的络合物,其最大吸收峰位于543nm,经1.2mol/L高氯酸酸化后,该络合物转化成一种较稳定的蓝色络合物,并呈现两个吸收峰,分别位于570nm和609nm。在优化的实验条件下,钴质量浓度在0.04~0.60μg/mL内与其在570mm和609nm处的吸光度加和呈线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9998,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为1.99×10⁵ L· mol^-1·cm^-1。将该体系应用于镍矿和钯钴炭催化剂中微量钴的测定,结果与火焰原子吸收光谱法一致,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.50%~0.60%。