A Streak-Camera Monitor for Hard X Rays

The instrument is designed on the basis of a fast scintillator and a high-speed image-converter tube for hard X and rays (10 keV). Using a scintillator, it is possible to obtain an almost constant spectral response over an energy range of 40–1000 keV. The time resolution of the camera is governed by the luminescence decay time in the scintillator and may go as high as 100–150 ps. The instrument is used at the ISKRA-5 facility to detect pulses of hard X rays.     

A Gaseous Radiochemical Neutron Monitor

Real-time neutron detection (monitoring) is based on the ability of atoms of inert radioactive gases generated by nuclear reactions to easily escape from the crystalline lattice of certain solid substances. An inert radioactive gas produced in a detector ampule is transferred by a carrier gas to a proportional gas-flow counter. The decay rate of the inert gas, which is uniquely related to the neutron-flux density in the ampule, is measured with this flow counter. This method is applied to monitor the neutron flux in the RADEX pulse neutron target driven by the linear proton accelerator of the Moscow Meson Facility at the Russian Academy of Sciences' Institute for Nuclear Research. By simultaneously using several nuclear reactions with different threshold energies of inert-gas production, it is possible to measure neutron spectra.     

Investigation into the Neutron Detector for a Radiation Monitor

Instruments and Experimental Techniques - The neutron-detection efficiency of a detector based on 3He counters in radiation monitors has been investigated. The factors affecting the...     

A Channel for Neutron Flux Measurement

The design principles of a channel for measuring fluxes of thermal neutrons in a nuclear-reactor control and protection system are considered. The channel consists of a fission chamber, a set of boron-containing gas-filled ionization chambers, and an electronic unit that ensures a counting rate of fission pulses of up to 1 × 10⁶ s^–1. It is shown that the widest linear range is achieved in channels equipped with a fission chamber and a gas-filled ionization chamber with electrodes coated with natural boron. The channel allows for measurements of the thermal-neutron flux density in a range of 0.5 to 5 × 10¹¹ cm^–2 s^–1.     

总线式可燃性气体监测系统

本文介绍了一种总线式可燃性气体监测系统.系统主机为PC/104工控机,从机由128台PIC单片机扩展而成.文中阐述了系统构成原理及工作过程,并给出硬件结构和软件流程图.着重分析了气敏传感器的工作特性、信息的采集和处理、系统通信的实现以及可靠性设计等内容.     

一种新的航空电源监控电路设计

针对ATE测试台电源可靠性的要求,设计了一种高可靠性的电源监控电路.采用霍尔传感器进行电压取样,电路简单,工作稳定可靠,易于维护.实验结果验证了其工程实用性.     

A Multichannel Neutron Collimator for the ITER Tokamak

A concept for the multichannel neutron collimator of the ITER is presented. The design of the collimator is based on the use of a 12-collimator radial neutron camera that was developed earlier and two complementary compact neutron cameras. It is proposed that the compact neutron cameras be placed inside the shielding blocks located in the equatorial (nine collimators) and diverter diagnostic (seven collimators) ITER ports. The plasma would thereby be fully covered in the vertical direction, and the total number of collimator channels would be 21 (12 channels in the radial camera and nine channels in the compact camera). The collimator length and diameters, as well as the optimal materials for the shielding blocks and the inner walls of the collimators, were determined using the MCNP code. It is shown by simulation that, for an adequate collimation of neutron fluxes to be achieved, the collimators should be 1.0–1.5 m long, have an i.d. of 4–5 cm, and be enclosed in a water–iron shielding. It is proposed that threshold fission chambers based on ²³⁸U and natural- and CVD-diamond detectors be used as the sensors. The computations are presented to demonstrate that this composition and arrangement of the channels in the radial and compact cameras makes it possible to measure the two-dimensional spatial distribution of the neutron source and the total thermonuclear power to an accuracy of 10%.     

A Multiplexed Four Channel On-Line Iodine Monitor

Abstract

A robust autonomous system is described for the spectrophotometric determination of aqueous elemental iodine in multiple flowing process streams. The quantitative methodology uses characteristic absorbance at 460 nm, corrected for baseline drift using absorbance at 600 nm. Linear dynamic ranges of 0.2 - 25 mg/L, 0.4 - 45 mg/L, and 2 - 250 mg/L have been attained using path lengths of 1 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm respectively. The multiplexed iodine monitor has proven capable of continuous operation for periods of up to eighteen months.     

A Wide-Range Neutron, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Spectrometer

A scintillation spectrometer based on a combination of CsI(Tl) and NaI(Tl) crystals was developed. The instrument ensures a reliable separation of X rays, rays, and neutrons by the difference in their signal shapes in an energy range of 0.03–30 MeV. The mean time of signal processing is 4 s.     

A Two-Section Gas-Filled Ionization Chamber for Neutron Flux Measurements

A promising design of a -type two-section gas-filled ionization chamber is described for the first time. A relationship between the design parameters, gas pressure, and characteristics of the material is determined, under which full compensation of the background currents from the -radiation and the measurement of thermal neutron fluxes in a range of 400 to 7 ×10⁹cm^–2s^–1at a load characteristic with a 5% nonlinearity are provided. Test results of the chamber are presented.     

A Condition Monitor For Liquid Lubricated Mechanical Seals

A recently developed condition monitor for liquid lubricated mechanical seals utilizes actively generated ultrasonic shear waves to determine conditions at the sealing interface. A shear wave transducer is mounted on the backside of the non-rotating seal face, and generates waves that propagate toward the sealing interface. The amplitude of the reflected waves indicates whether or not face contact occurs and, if there is contact, the severity of contact. Thus, this monitor is suitable for use with both non-contacting and partially contacting seals. Laboratory tests on a commercial, unbalanced seal demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.     

一种起飞角连续可变的中子单色器屏蔽装置

从反应堆辐射防护和中子散射谱仪应用角度出发,利用电磁铁定位技术和计算机自动化控制技术,设计加工了一种起飞角连续可变的中子单色器屏蔽装置。该装置通过特定的转动流程,实现了起飞角在40°～110°范围内连续可变,同时满足了单色器周围的辐射屏蔽要求,降低了实验本底和对人体的辐射伤害。     

汽轮机在线监测系统的设计与实现

旋转机械运行状态在线监测策略的合理性及实用性是系统设计者和应用者普遍关心的问题．本文介绍了一种在线监测系统，该系统设计强调可靠性、实用性、事故优先处理及人机界面的友好性．与此同时，该系统可采用前后台工作方式，响应公共通讯网的远程输送数据请求．软件上还实现了起停机监测与稳态监测的全自动切换．该系统已应用于国产二百兆瓦汽轮发电机组。     

一种新型低空轰炸弹道显示器

本文介绍了由电子线路构成的结构简单、使用方便、工作可靠的新型低空轰炸弹道显示器。     

数控直角剪床动态监控系统的研究

设计了一种基于FANUC数控系统的动态监控系统,当机床工作时根据FANUC传出的剪切信号,工控机将获取到的当前加工的工件的信息,通过工业以太网传给监控计算机,工件信息可在监控计算机上动态显示出来,从而达到监控机床生产的目的.     

基于Labview的分布式电源监控系统研究

分布式设备可以通过现场总线技术组成网络,以实现远程集中监控。介绍了LabVIEW开发程序在分布式控制系统中的应用研究。     

一种并联结构的显示器移动支持系统

提出一种基于并联机构的显示器移动支持系统。分析了并联机构运动学模型的正反解,建立了工作空间模型并利用MATLAB对机构参数进行了设计。分析结果对显示器移动支持系统的结构设计和控制系统设计提供了重要理论依据。     

基于8098的空调机工作状态监测仪

介绍一种以8098单片机为核心构成的空调机工作状态监测仪,给出了系统硬件电路及软件主流程。     

A Multilayer Detector for On-line Evaluation of Neutron Fields Spectra

A complex of control instrumentation for the detection and identification of neutron sources is described. The system is composed of two multilayer neutron detectors, a power unit for the detectors, and a hardware and software package controlling the entire system.     

流量计的掉电监测

以FLYS1213型超声波流量计为基础,介绍了基于51单片机的掉电自动监测模块的实现方法,和掉电信息的管理方法,为掉电期间流量计量损失的评估提供了可靠的依据.同时,该模块还具有实时监测、打印流量计测量参数和状态参数的功能.