EVA／APP／PER／MEL／纳米蒙脱土复合材料的研究

通过制备有机改性蒙脱土(MMT),共混改性乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物为主体的无卤膨胀阻燃电缆材料,发现改性MMT与聚磷酸铵(APP)/季戊四醇(PER)/三聚氰胺(MEL)三元膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)之间有力学和阻燃协效作用,能同时提高塑料的力学和阻燃性能。     

EVA／LLDPE／Mg（OH）2／纳米蒙脱土复合材料的研究

合成了有机改性蒙脱土（MMT），用线型低密度聚乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物作为无卤电缆材料主体，将LLDPE和EVA分别与改性MMT，Mg（OH）2主阻燃剂共混制成纳米复合材料，发现改性MMT与阻燃剂之间有力学和阻燃协效作用，能同时提高塑料的力学和阻燃性能。     

插层剂对蒙脱土/PA6纳米塑料性能的影响

用4种插层剂合成了有机改性蒙脱土（MMT），将PA6与改性MMT熔融共混制成纳米塑料，用IR、XRD和透射电镜表征了结构，观察到MMT／PA6纳米塑料的无熔滴等阻燃特性。通过改性纳米塑料力学性能的研究表明：质量分数为6％的MMT能提高PA6的LOI值，MMT1831质量分数为3％时弯曲模提高57．1％，MMT1831质量分数为5％时弯曲强度提高42．4％；MMT与常规阻燃剂之间有力学协效作用和阻燃协效作用，能同时提高PA6的力学性能和阻燃性能。     

几种插层剂改性的MMT／PA66纳米材料的性能

用多种插层剂合成了有机改性蒙脱土（MMT），将PA66与改性MMT共混制成纳米材料，表征了其结构和力学性能。5％的纳米MMT1631能将PA66的冲击强度提高近50％，3％的MMT1827能将PA66的断裂伸长率提高52．5％，观察到MMT／PA66纳米塑料的无熔滴等阻燃特性，总结了不断插层剂改性MMT／PA66纳米材料的特点，发现MMT与常规阻燃剂之间有力学协效作用和阻燃协效作用，能提高PA66的力学性能和阻燃性能。     

HPCTP/MMT复配阻燃环氧树脂阻燃及力学性能研究

将六苯氧基环三磷腈(HPCTP)与蒙脱土(MMT)复配,并以之为阻燃剂制备了阻燃环氧树脂。采用锥形量热仪对阻燃环氧树脂进行了燃烧测试,并对热释放速率、烟释放速率等数据进行了分析。结果表明,两种阻燃剂具有较好的协同阻燃效果,其中当MMT用量为1份时,热释放速率峰值(pk-HRR)下降了39.2%。力学测试表明,HPCTP的引入可以提升环氧树脂的拉伸性能,而同时加入1份的MMT可使体系的拉伸性能达到最佳,添加过量的MMT则会导致体系力学性能下降。     

有机次膦酸铝复配型阻燃剂/MMT协同阻燃LGFPA6的阻燃性能

以蒙脱土(MMT)协同有机次膦酸铝复配型阻燃剂制备新型无卤阻燃长玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料(FRLGFPA6)。采用氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL-94)和锥形量热仪(Cone Calorimeter)测试研究MMT协同有机次膦酸铝复配型阻燃剂对LGFPA6阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:有机次膦酸铝复配型阻燃剂协同MMT可提高FRLGFPA6体系的阻燃性能,减缓FRLGFPA6的热降解速率,有效抑制烟毒产生以及减缓火灾增长;当MMT质量分数为2%时,体系的氧指数提高到34.2%,说明有机次膦酸铝复配型阻燃剂与MMT具有协同阻燃作用。     

无卤复配体系对PPO/HIPS合金阻燃性能的影响

采用氮系的阻燃剂三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)和改性高岭土对聚苯醚/高抗冲聚苯乙烯(PPO/HIPS)合金进行无卤阻燃,并将它们和磷系阻燃剂双酚A双(二苯基磷酸酯)(BDP)一起复配用于PPO/HIPS合金的阻燃上,以提高阻燃效率.结果表明:采用复配体系更能提高材料的阻燃效率,降低力学损耗;比较4种阻燃方式,最优的方式为改性高岭土复配BDP.     

MPP/MMT阻燃PVA的研究

用聚磷酸三聚氰胺(MPP)与蒙脱土(MMT)阻燃体系对聚乙烯醇(PVA)改性。结果发现:当PVA/MPP/MMT的质量比为80/15/5时,所得的PVA/MPP/MM复合材料可达到UL94V-0级,极限氧指数(LOI)达32.2%;相比纯的PVA,PVA/MMT/MPP复合材料的热释放速率峰值降低了57%,点燃时间延长了37s,热释放总量和平均质量损失速率均有明显降低。热失重分析结果表明阻燃剂MPP和MMT复配使用提高了PVA热稳定性能。     

蒙脱土(MMT)/PA纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

用熔融插层法制备 MMT/PA纳米复合材料 ,先合成有机改性蒙脱土 ,再将 PA6和 PA66分别与改性 MMT共混制成纳米复合材料。表征了其结构和力学性能 ,观察了 MMT/PA6和 MMT/PA66纳米复合材料的阻燃特性。发现纳米 MMT也能将 PA66的冲击强度提高近 50 % ,并能提高 PA6的 LOI,与其他阻燃剂起协同效应     

膨胀型阻燃剂功能化蒙脱土阻燃改性EPDM的研究

以氯磷酸二苯酯、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷等为MMT的有机改性剂,通过固相接枝反应合成了膨胀型阻燃剂功能化蒙脱土(IFR-MMT),并共混改性阻燃三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)复合材料。结果表明,加入IFR-MMT提高了EPDM材料的阻燃性能。当加入IFR-MMT的质量分数为25%时,EPDM复合材料的阻燃级别达到UL94 V-0级,极限氧指数达31.8%。炭层分析结果表明,IFR-MMT中膨胀型阻燃剂和MMT的协同作用强化了膨胀炭层,提高了EPDM复合材料的阻燃性能。     

膨胀阻燃剂/蒙脱土协同作用对聚丙烯性能的影响

以膨胀型阻燃荆(IFR)为阻燃荆、蒙脱土(MMT)为协效剂、PP-g-MAH为增容剂,对聚丙烯(PP)进行阻燃改性.研究了阻燃剂和协效剂对PP燃烧性能、力学性能和加工性能的影响,并运用热重分析(TGA)和差热分析(DTA)表征了阻燃PP的热降解过程,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察燃烧残余物的炭层形貌.结果表明,MMT的加入削弱了PP/IFR体系的阻燃性能和力学性能,但在一定程度上解决了体系燃烧时的浓烟现象;当IFR用量为35份时,体系的垂直燃烧性能达到FV-0级,燃烧残余物形成致密的炭层,且具有良好的力学性能和加工性能.     

Intumescent flame retardant–montmorillonite synergism in polypropylene‐layered silicate nanocomposites

Polypropylene/clay nanocomposites have been prepared starting from pristine mont morillonite (MMT) and reactive compatibilizer hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C16). The nanocomposite structure is evidenced by the X‐ray diffraction and high resolution electronic microscopy. Intumescent flame retardant has been added to polypropylene/clay hybrids. Their flammability behaviours have been evaluated using cone calorimetry. Synergy was observed between the nanocomposites and intumescent flame retardant. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Flame-retardant behavior and mechanism of the SBR/MMT composites modified by melamine matrix modifier

Melamine quaternary ammonium salt (MQAS), a novel flame-retardant intercalation modifier, was used to prepare the flame-retardant organic montmorillonite (FOSM), and which was added to SBR by a two-roll mixing and molding process to prepared the SBR/FOSM composites. The synergistic flame-retardant effects of sodium-based montmorillonite (MMT) and MQAS were investigated by the various methods. The LOI value of SBR was only 19.1%, and FOSM-4 increased the LOI value of SBR to 24.3%. The cone calorimetry test showed that compared with SBR, the total heat release and the peak heat release rate of SBR/FOSM were reduced by 81.39% and 86.08%, respectively. The analysis of MMT after modification showed that the grafting rate of MQAS was about 10% and the interlayer spacing of MMT was enlarged by about 20%. The synergy of MQAS and MMT not only effectively solves the violent droplet of pure SBR combustion, but also avoids the curling problem of only adding MMT. The char morphology and TG-FTIR showed that FOSM had dual flame-retardancy in the condensed phase and the gas phase. The synergistic flame-retardant effect of phosphorus-free flame-retardant modifier and MMT will open up new possibilities for flame-retardant elastomer composites.     

LLDPE／EVA／Mg（OH）2无卤阻燃电缆料的研制

用线型低密度乙烯、乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物作为无卤电缆材料主体，Mg（OH）2为主阻燃剂研制无卤阻燃电缆料，探讨了Mg（OH）2用量、粒径大小、表面处理方法有阻燃协同剂对体系力学性能、阻燃性能的影响。     

In-situ growth of layered double hydroxide on montmorillonite nanosheets to improve the flame retardant performance of ABS resin

Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is a widely used flame retardant in polymer materials; however, the poor dispersion due to its high hydrophilic nature results in disappointing thermal stability and fire safety. In this work, LDH was in-situ grown on the disordered montmorillonite (MMT) nanosheets to obtain the hybrid of LDH and MMT nanosheets (LDH@MMT, simplified as LM). Various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscope were used to characterize the microstructure of LM. In addition, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composite containing LM and intumescent flame retardant (IFR) was prepared, and its mechanical and flame-retardant properties were also measured. The characterization results demonstrate that the LM exhibits a periodically alternating layered structure. The Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) of the ABS composite reaches 27.2% with a V-0 rating in the UL-94 vertical burning test, while its flexural strength and tensile strength decrease by only 17.82% and 13.45%, respectively. Furthermore, the heat release rate, total heat release, smoke production rate, and carbon monoxide production rate of the ABS composite present a significant decline in cone calorimeter tests compared with those of pure ABS. The results further indicate that the hybridization could effectively improve the flame-retardant performance of ABS composites and perform lesser impacts on their mechanical properties.     

聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备和性能

采用熔融插层法在双螺杆挤出机中制备了聚丙烯(PP)/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料,纳米复合材料机械性能测试结果表明,当有机MMT质量分数为2%时,复合材料的弯曲强度明显优于PP。扫描电镜观测不到纳米复合材料中明显的有机-无机相畴,表明MMT片层分散均匀,分散尺度已基本达到纳米级。DSC(差示扫描量热仪)分析测试结果表明,MMT的加入提高了PP的结晶速率,并使结晶度增大。     

抗滴落阻燃聚丙烯动态粘弹性能及其纺丝温度研究

在聚丙烯／蒙脱土(PP／MMT)纳米复合材料的基础上添加受阻胺型阻燃剂制备抗滴落阻燃聚丙烯切片并纺丝。动态粘弹性测试表明,加入质量分数为1％的阻燃剂就极大的增加PP／MMT纳米复合材料在低频下的储能模量,抗滴落阻燃聚丙烯的类固态流体行为更加明显。随着蒙脱土含量的增加,抗滴落阻燃聚丙烯纤维内部的网络结构逐渐完善,对纺丝温度的影响也逐渐加大,需要适当降低纺丝温度,以适应网络结构,达到可纺性要求。     

Study on crystal process and isothermal crystallization kinetics of UHMWPE/CA‐MMT composites

Changes in the crystal morphology, crystallinity, and the melting process of thermoplastics resulted in significant changes in the processability and mechanical behavior of composites. In our former study, we prepared a novel antibacterial UHMWPE/CA‐MMT composite. In this study, the crystal process and crystallization kinetics of pure UHMWPE, UHMWPE/MMT, UHMWPE/CA, and UHMWPE/CA‐MMT were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results showed that the chlorhexidine acetate (CA) and montmorillonite (MMT) could cause strong heterogeneous nucleation. The results of crystallization kinetics indicated that the addition of CA could decrease the crystallization rate constant K value and widen the range of the crystal growth temperature. The reological behaviors of four samples were carried out by a physical MCR301 rheometer. The results showed that the CA could bring down the complex viscosity of composites, thus affecting the crystal process or crystallization kinetics. POLYM. COMPOS., 33:1987–1992, 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

卤-锑协同阻燃机理研究进展

详细论述了卤－锑阻燃协同体系的阻燃机同机理，以及卤－锑阻燃机理方面的研究新进展。     

丁苯弹性体/蒙脱土复合材料改性老化沥青

将粉末丁苯橡胶(PSBR)或苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)与蒙脱土(MMT)制成复合材料,用于改性老化沥青(PSBR质量分数3%,SBS质量分数5%),研究了复合材料及其改性老化沥青的结构,考察了MMT用量对复合材料改性老化沥青物理性能与高温贮存稳定性的影响.结果表明,在PSBR/MMT复合材料中,MMT与PSBR形成了插层结构;在PSBR/MMT和SBS/MMT复合材料改性老化沥青中,复合材料呈球状分布;当MMT用量过大时,部分MMT滞留在聚合物中,出现颗粒MMT;复合材料对老化沥青的物理性能改性优于单独加入MMT;PSBR/MMT复合材料可改善老化沥青的高低温性能;SBS/MMT复合材料可显著改善老化沥青的高温性能;MMT用量不同时,PSBR/MMT复合材料改性老化沥青的贮存稳定性相当;当SBS/MMT(质量比)为5/3时,复合材料改性老化沥青的贮存稳定性较佳.