介孔分子筛Al-MCM-41磺酸化后的结构和性能

以氯磺酸为磺化试剂,与Al-MCM-41 (AlM)及硅烷化后Al-MCM-41 (SiAlM)介孔分子筛进行接枝磺化反应,分别得到SO3H/Al-MCM-41 (SAlM)和 SO3H/SiAl-MCM-41 (SSiAlM).采用X射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附-脱附、NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)、热重分析...     

乙二胺体系铝镧MCM-41介孔分子筛的合成、表征及在乙氧基化反应中的催化性能

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,乙二胺为碱性介质,当n(TEOS)∶n(NaAlO2)(或LaCl3)∶n(CTAB)∶n(H2NCH2CH2NH2)∶n(H2O)=1∶X∶0 12(或0 14)∶3 5(或8 0)∶130,其中X=0 1,0 05,0 033时,水热法合成了硅铝(硅镧)摩尔比为10、20和30的Al MCM 41和La MCM 41介孔分子筛。通过XRD、IR、NH3 TPD吸附脱附、BET及CCl4吸附等方法对分子筛的晶体结构和表面物性进行了研究,结果表明,合成的分子筛具有典型的六方介孔结构特征。将Al MCM 41和La MCM 41分子筛分别用于催化乙氧基化反应,研究结果表明,Al MCM 41的催化活性高于La MCM 41,当Al MCM 41用量为正辛醇质量的3%,反应温度为120℃,反应压力0 2MPa,n(正辛醇)∶n(环氧乙烷)=1∶2时,正辛醇聚氧乙烯醚产品的收率达85%。     

MCM-41介孔分子筛催化剂的制备及催化性能的研究

文章采用碱性水热晶化法制备MCM-41介孔分子筛为载体,用浸渍法将非贵金属Ni和12-硅钨杂多酸(HSi W)固载于分子筛上,制备得Ni-HSi W/MCM-41金属-酸双功能催化剂作为新型的长链烷烃异构化催化剂。研究了Ni-HSi W/MCM-41双功能催化剂在常压固定床反应器上,以正庚烷异构化反应为探针反应,催化剂在不同制备条件下的催化性能。结果表明催化剂在一定还原条件和反应条件下当Ni固载量为4 wt.%、HSi W固载量为30%,催化剂的焙烧温度为400℃时是最佳制备条件。     

WO3/Al-MCM-41的制备及其催化环氧甲酯氧化裂解性能研究

为了获得一种对环氧甲酯氧化裂解制备生物基醛类产物的高活性催化剂,实验制备和表征了WO_3/MCM-41和WO_3/Al-MCM-41催化剂,以环氧油酸甲酯为原料制备醛类产物,考察了反应温度、催化剂用量、双氧水用量和反应时间等反应条件对原料转化率和产物收率的影响。结果表明,MCM-41和Al-MCM-41均具有良好的介孔结构,其中MCM-41仅含L酸位点,Al-MCM-41含有更多的B酸和L酸位点;适宜反应条件为:反应温度80℃,环氧油酸甲酯/WO_3/双氧水的摩尔比1/0.0024/2,反应时间1.5h,在此条件下,环氧油酸甲酯转化率和醛类产物收率分别高于95%和60%。     

不同硅铝比Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛的表征及催化合成氯乙酸正辛酯

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵( CTAB)为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,乙二胺为碱性介质,当n(TEOS)∶n( NaAl02)∶n(CTAB)∶n(H2NCH2CH2NH2)∶n(H2O)=1∶x∶0.12∶ 3.5∶130,其中x=0.1,0.033,0.02,0.01,0.006 7时,水热法合成了Al - MCM - 41介孔分子筛.通过XRD,N2吸附-脱附,NH3 - TPD和TEM等手段对不同硅铝比(n(Si)/n(Al))的Al - MCM -41介孔分子筛进行了表征.结果表明,当n(Si)/n( Al)由150减小至30时,Al - MCM -41介孔分子筛仍具有典型的六方介孔结构特征,但当n( Si)/n(Al)=10时,样品结构有序性下降.Al - MCM - 41介孔分子筛酸量随着n( Si)/n( Al)减小而增大.将Al - MCM - 41介孔分子筛用于催化合成氯乙酸正辛酯,相同反应条件下,n( Si) /n( Al) =30的Al - MCM - 41介孔分子筛为催化剂时酯化率最高,由此表明,Al - MCM - 41介孔分子筛作为催化剂,反应酯化率不仅取决于样品酸量,也与其晶体结构相关.当Al - MCM - 41介孔分子筛用量为氯乙酸质量的3％,反应温度为120～140℃,n(氯乙酸)∶n(正辛醇)=1∶1.2时,酯化率可达94.34％.     

Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛吸附喹啉的性能

在碱性条件下,采用水热晶化法,以偏硅酸钠为硅源,铝酸钠为铝源,CTAB为结构模板剂,成功合成出了含铝介孔分子筛Al-MCM-41。采用XRD、BET等手段对合成的Al-MCM-41进行表征,对柴油中的氮化物喹啉进行了吸附实验,考察了Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛对氮化物喹啉的吸附能力,探究了硅铝比为60的Al-MCM-41分子筛对喹啉溶液吸附的热力学和动力学行为,测得353.15～393.15 K 温度范围内的吸附等温线数据,用Langmuir、Freundlich方程对此进行拟合,并根据热力学原理计算得到吸附过程中的ΔH、ΔG、ΔS值和吸附表观活化能。结果表明, 硅铝比为60的Al-MCM-41具有较大的孔容、比表面积和较窄的孔径分布,结晶度和有序性高。等温吸附平衡符合Freundlich 等温线模型,其ΔH -0.7682 kJ·mol^-1,ΔG -28.1215 kJ·mol^-1, ΔS 73.2434 J·mol^-1·K^-1,吸附动力学符合Pseudo拟二级方程,E_a为2.8575 kJ·mol^-1。     

Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛深度吸附脱硫的研究

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂、铝酸钠为铝源、硅酸钠为硅源、用水热合成法制备了不同硅铝比的Al-MCM-41分子筛,负载不同金属离子对其改性,并用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、N2气吸附等方法对其进行了表征。同时,考察了Al-MCM-41(80)负载不同金属离子作为吸附剂对模拟汽油的脱硫性能。结果表明,Al-MCM-41(80)在353 K时的脱硫效果最好;负载金属离子Fe3+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Co2+、Ce3+的脱硫效果顺序为:Ni2+>Co2+>Zn2+>Fe3+>Ce3+>Cu2+;芳烃的加入降低了分子筛对噻吩的选择性。     

硅铝介孔分子筛的合成和表征及其催化异构化性能的研究

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTABr)为模板剂,三氯化铝为铝源在室温条件下合成了介孔硅铝分子筛A1-MCM-41。采用红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、低温氮吸附等温线等方法对分子筛进行了结构表征。评价结果表明,A1-MCM-41分子筛对桥式四氢双环戊二烯(endo-TCD)具有良好的催化异构化性能。     

Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛在辛醇乙氧基化反应中的催化性能

以乙二胺为碱性介质合成了硅铝摩尔比为30的Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛。该分子筛具有典型的六方介孔结构特征,其平均孔径为2．6nm,中强酸度。实验考察了其在正辛醇乙氧基化反应中的催化特性。结果表明,Al—MCM-41介孔分子筛在正辛醇乙氧基化反应中具有较高催化活性,而且产物分子量分布较窄。升高反应温度、增加初始压力以及提高催化剂用量,环氧乙烷反应速度增加。当环氧乙烷平均加合度为5．5时,正辛醇聚氧乙烯醚分子量分布选择性系数达到20。当反应温度为130℃时,正辛醇与环氧乙烷的反应速率常数约为0．035min^-1。     

Ti-MCM-41分子筛催化剂的合成、表征及催化性能

以正硅酸四甲酯为硅源,钛酸四异丙酯为钛源,在异丙醇和水的混合溶液中室温下合成了Ti-MCM-41介孔分子筛,采用TEM、N 2吸附-脱附、XRD、UV-Vis和Raman等研究了分子筛的结构特性。并以过氧化氢异丙苯为氧化剂,考察了硅烷化处理后的Ti-MCM-41分子筛催化剂在丙烯环氧化反应中的催化性能。结果表明,与骨架外六配位钛物种相比,骨架内四配位钛物种活化有机过氧化物的能力更强,速率更快;四配位钛物种是环氧丙烷生成的活性物种,而六配位钛物种的存在则会导致反应副产物的生成。合成时添加适量的异丁醇可有效促进钛物种进入分子筛骨架中,并增大比表面积和孔体积,进而改善Ti-MCM-41催化剂的丙烯环氧化催化性能。性能最佳的催化剂上过氧化氢异丙苯转化率可达94.7%,环氧丙烷选择性可达95.8%。     

Vapour phase esterification of butyric acid with 1-pentanol over Al-MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves

Al-MCM-41 molecular sieves with Si/Al ratios 25, 50, 75 & 100 were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized systematically by various analytical and spectroscopy techniques. Their catalytic activity was evaluated for the vapour phase reaction of butyric acid with 1-pentanol. Pentyl butyrate was obtained as the only product. Reaction parameters such as temperature, molar ratio and feed rate were optimized for higher butyric acid conversion. The time-on-stream study was carried out at optimum conditions resulting in gradual decrease in the activity of the catalyst.     

MCM-41介孔分子筛吸附性能的热力学和动力学分析

实验以亚甲基蓝作为模型吸附质,探讨了MCM-41介孔分子筛对模型吸附质亚甲基蓝的吸附性能,并对其吸附过程进行了热力学和动力学分析。结果表明,MCM-41介孔分子筛的吸附率高达94%,对亚甲基兰的吸附符合二级吸附动力学,MCM-41对亚甲基兰的吸附行为属于Freundlich等温吸附,整个吸附过程属于放热反应。     

Synthesis of dypnone using SO4/Al-MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves

The mesoporous molecular sieves Al-MCM-41 with Si/Al ratio equal to 16, was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMA⁺Br⁻) as surfactant. The same ratio of Al-MCM-41 materials was impregnated using sulfuric acid, the materials as sulfated Al-MCM-41 (SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41). The mesoporous materials viz Al-MCM-41 and SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41 were characterized using several techniques e.g. ICP-AES, Nephelometer, XRD, FT-IR, TG/DTA, N₂-adsorption, solid-state-NMR, SEM and TPD-pyridine. ICP-AES studies indicated the presence of Al in the mesoporous materials. Nephelometer studies indicated the SO₄²⁻ presence of the SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41. XRD studies indicated that the calcined materials of Al-MCM-41 and SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41 had the standard MCM-41 structure. The surface area, pore diameter, pore volume and wall thickness of the mesoporous materials were calculated by BET and BJH equations, respectively. Crystallinity, surface area, pore diameter and pore volume of SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41 decreased except wall thickness and the expelling aluminum from the Al-MCM-41 framework increased the Lewis acidity. FT-IR studies indicated that Al-ions were incorporated in the hexagonal mesoporous structure of Al-MCM-41 and sulfuric acid was impregnated into hexagonal Al-MCM-41 materials. The thermal stability of as-synthesized Al-MCM-41 materials and SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41 materials were studied using TG/DTA. The environments of the Al-ions coordinated in the silica matrix were determined by ²⁷Al-MAS-NMR. The morphology of Al-MCM-41 and SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41 was determined by SEM. The total acidity of Al-MCM-41 and SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41 materials was determined by TPD-pyridine. The catalytic results were compared with those obtained by using sulfuric acid, amorphous silica–alumina, H-β, USY and H-ZSM-5 zeolites. The SO₄²⁻/Al-MCM-41 catalyst exclusively forms the product of dypnone from self-condensation of acetophenone molecules due to higher number of Lewis acid sites and has much higher yields than other catalysts except USY.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Al-MCM-41 and Al-MCM-48 Mesoporous Materials

A novel route in the synthesis of Al-MCM-41 and Al-MCM-48, using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and sodium aluminate (NaAlO₂) as Si and Al source has been obtained. The effect of surfactant nature and the synthesis conditions such as surfactant/Si ratio and hydrothermal treatment time on the formed mesostructure regularity has been studied. Different methods of template removal have also been evaluated. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption, FT-IR, and solid-state MAS NMR spectroscopy.     

中孔分子筛材料的研究进展

介绍了中孔分子筛MCM系列、HMS系列、MSU系列、SBA系列等在合成方法和改性方法上的研究进展;评述了掺入杂原子、引入有机基团、硅源前处理、混合模板剂等赋予中孔分子筛新的催化性能和选择性氧化性能及其应用前景。     

Influence of aluminium sources on the synthesis and catalytic activity of mesoporous AlMCM-41 molecular sieves

Mesoporous AlMCM-41 molecular sieves were synthesized using various aluminium sources, viz., sodium aluminate, aluminium sulphate, aluminium isopropoxide and pseudoboehmite. The influence of different aluminium sources on the framework substitution of aluminium as well as on the catalytic properties of t-butylation of phenol was studied. Among the aluminium sources, the use of sodium aluminate for the AlMCM-41 synthesis showed maximum incorporation of aluminium in the framework. Further, the catalyst also showed good catalytic activity for the chosen reaction.