拉细羊毛与天然超细支羊毛织物的产品特性分析与比较

文章以生产纯毛高支单面哔叽为例,分析比较了拉细羊毛纤维与普通超细支羊毛纤维生产高支轻薄毛精纺面料的工艺重点及织物风格.分析结果表明:由于拉细羊毛纤维外观和结构的变化,使其性能特点与常规羊毛有所不同,从而赋予织物不同的风格特征.提出,若将2种纤维进行混纺,可充分发挥纤维自身优势互补的特性,改善其加工性能及面料的服用性能.     

拉细羊毛及其混纺毛条的加工性能

通过对拉细羊毛及其混纺毛条纤维特征的测试 ,探讨了拉细羊毛纤维的一些重要性能特征及对加工性能的影响。实际生产证明 :在掌握拉细羊毛或混纺纤维的性能特征后 ,对现有加工工艺作出适当调整 ,可达到一定的质量要求     

拉细羊毛织物性能的客观评价

对拉细羊毛(Optim)及其织物的性能进行了介绍,利用Siro-FAST系统对拉细羊毛织物及其对比产品进行了客观检验和评价.结果表明,拉细羊毛与羊毛纤维进行混纺后,其面料的性能较佳,能够满足制衣业对面料缝制质量的要求.此外,利用FAST测试结果可对面料性能与染整工艺之间的关系进行分析和探讨,为拉细羊毛产品的开发及服装加工提供借鉴.     

拉细羊毛的结构形态与性能

以3种不同拉细羊毛为研究对象,对其表面鳞片结构形态、强伸性能、摩擦性能、热水收缩率进行了测试,并与细度相当的细支羊毛(100支)及山羊绒进行对比研究.研究表明:拉细羊毛表面鳞片高度增加,密度减小,且有脱落、翘起的现象.同时,拉细羊毛横截面呈多边形状,呈现不同的反射光.与细度相当的细支羊毛和山羊绒相比,拉细羊毛纤维断裂强度大,缩绒性小,具有山羊绒和细羊毛无法比拟的一些特性.但是,拉细羊毛具有较高的热水收缩性能,在实际加工中要注意掌握低温原则.     

文摘精粹

羊毛纤维弱节表达中的基本问题;拉细羊毛及其混纺织物的结构与光泽;羊毛粉体改性PU膜的透湿性能;羊毛拉伸细化加工的试验效果;羽绒纤维的形态结构表征;稀土铈在羊毛织物上的吸附性能研究;羊毛表面改性对拒水拒油整理的作用及机理研究;     

新型多组分纤维纺织品染整(十四)

4.3 大豆纤维/羊毛(或羊绒)(AA类)纺织品染整加工 4.3.1 大豆纤维/羊毛(或羊绒)混纺产品特点 大豆纤维与羊毛、羊绒等的混纺交织产品具有羊绒般滑糯柔软的手感,羊毛般的保暖性,绢丝般的柔和光泽和外观,且吸湿导湿性好,穿着舒适.与纯羊绒类和高支细羊毛相比,其原料成本大大降低.将大豆纤维与羊毛混纺,或与羊毛、涤纶"三合一"混纺,可开发高支轻薄化、风格多样化和功能化的高档毛纺服装面料.     

远红外保健多组分轻薄精纺花呢的设计与生产

介绍了利用远红外丙纶纤维、拉细羊毛及细旦涤纶开发生产多组分远红外保健轻薄精纺呢绒的原料组成、工艺流程、工艺特点、技术难点和产品特性。重点对产品在生产过程中出现的问题及采取的技术措施进行阐述。该产品充分发挥了远红外丙纶纤维、拉细羊毛纤维及细旦涤纶纤维优势互补的特性,赋予了单种纤维织物所无法达到的视觉效果、手感风格及保健功能,产品不仅具有优良的舒适性能,而且具有远红外保健功能,显著提高了产品档次和附加值,实物质量及服用性能优良。     

拉细羊毛及其混纺织物的结构与光泽

针对拉细羊毛(Optim)纤维纯纺及其混纺织物,应用扫描电子显微镜观察拉细羊毛及其织物的表观形态结构,测试了织物压缩性和织物的光泽,进行了织物因子聚类分析。研究结果表明:拉细羊毛织物的纤维卷曲少,纤维由椭圆形变成略带多边形,鳞片间距变大;织物内纱线纤维挤得比较紧,织物压缩平均厚度值小,表面厚度较小;织物的正反射、漫反射光强和对比光泽度较大,呈现良好的光泽和平滑性。织物因子聚类分析表明:纯拉细羊毛织物处于细羊毛和羊毛/蚕丝混纺织物之间,拉细羊毛织物具有丝般光泽。     

拉细羊毛性能的分析和研究

对羊绒、羊毛、拉细羊毛的物理化学性能、染色性能做了对比分析和研究，为以后拉细羊毛产品的开发提供了依据。     

文摘精粹

拉细羊毛及其混纺毛条的加工性能李伟(东华大学纺织学院),王维(兰州三毛实业股份有限公司)等∥纺织学报中国纺织工程学会.—2004,25(4).—34～35通过对拉细羊毛及其混纺毛条纤维特征的测试,探讨了拉细羊毛纤维的一些重要性能特征及对加工性能的影响。实际生产证明:在掌握拉细羊     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the