基于改进谱残差显著性图的红外与可见光图像融合

为了将可见光图像与红外图像中的细节信息更多的呈现在融合图像中,突出目标特征并获得更好的图像视觉效果,本文提出一种基于改进谱残差显著性图的红外与可见光图像融合方法。首先用改进的谱残差显著性检测算法提取红外图像的显著性图并获得融合图像的显著性系数,然后对源图像进行双树复小波分解,并根据特定的融合规则分别对图像的低频部分以及高频部分进行融合,最后采用双树复小波逆变换重构获得最终的融合图像。实验表明,本文融合方法相较于传统融合方法融合质量更高并且在视觉效果上有显著提升。     

自底向上的图像显著目标检测研究

针对传统的图像显著性检测造成显 著目标误检的问题,本文通过采用Harris角点检测算子以及计算机形态学中的凸包理 论,得到改进的中心先验 图像显著性检测系数,进而利用小波变换(WT)在时域和频域上的局部特征信息表征能力 得到局部特征 显著图像,以及采用谱残差(SR)的图像处理方法获取全局特征的显著图像,提出一种基于改 进图像中心先验理 论的自底向上的图像显著目标检测方法。实验结果表明,与现有的图像显著性检测模型相比 ,本文提出的模型检测准确率更好,检测效果也更好。     

一种改进的频率调谐显著性检测方法

图像中的显著性区域检测有利于图像分割、目标检测和识别等计算机视觉任务。通过分析频率调谐显著性检测方法的不足,提出了一种改进的频率调谐法。该方法将各颜色分量所对应的显著性值进行归一化处理,然后再线性组合得到最终的显著图。实验结果表明该方法能够有效检测出图像中的显著性区域,并提升了频率调谐法的检测性能。     

基于特征显著性融合的红外小目标检测

复杂背景下的红外图像通常存在信噪比低、邻近像素灰度变化不明显以及易被杂波信号和噪声干扰的特点,导致红外小目标检测困难。为解决上述问题,提出一种基于特征显著性融合的红外小目标检测算法。首先,在空间域中利用目标与其局部背景灰度差异来计算得到灰度显著图,在频域中结合谱残差计算得到背景抑制后的频域显著图;其次,将灰度显著图和频域显著图归一化后通过哈达玛乘积相互融合;最后,通过自适应阈值分割并使用Unger滤波器剔除较小的噪声点,从而提取出目标区域。实验结果表明,所提算法对图像的信噪比有了数十倍的提升,对背景抑制效果显著,并有着检测率高和虚警率低的优点,是一种有效的小目标检测算法。     

基于超像素时空显著性的运动目标检测算法

针对复杂背景下运动目标检测存在的背景干扰、目标分割不完整等问题,利用目标静态灰度特征和运动特征,结合目标运动连续特性,提出了一种基于超像素时空显著图的运动目标检测算法。首先对图像基于简单线性迭代聚类算法(SLIC)进行超像素分割,以初始超像素为节点、以运动特征差异性为边建立图结构对超像素区域进行合并,得到最终超像素图像,可以有效解决传统超像素分割方法过分割而导致目标被分为多个部分的问题;然后分别利用目标静态特征对比度和运动特征对比度,得到静态显著性图和运动显著性图,并融合得到最终的时空显著性图;最后利用恒虚警处理技术,结合运动连续特性实现目标的检测,可以有效减少虚警目标。实验结果表明,该算法针对复杂背景具有良好的鲁棒性,并且可以比较完整的保留目标的信息。     

夜视图像彩色融合中基于谱残差的显著目标增强算法

根据人类视觉系统的特点,提出了一种基于谱残差、可在夜视图像彩色融合中的增强显著目标的算法.该方法在彩色融合过程中,利用谱残差确定显著目标范围,用5×5的像素大小窗口对显著目标进行定位.当像素邻域均值大于图像整体均值时,此像素位于显著目标,用红色凸显目标可达到增强彩色融合图像的目的.实验结果表明,该方法具有较强的稳定性和实用性,增强显著目标的效果较好.     

基于谱残余调幅相位的图像显著性检测方法

图像显著性特征是模拟生物视觉注意力选择机制的一种具有较好鲁棒性与不变性的视觉特征。针对基于传统谱残余显著性算法得到的图像在细节、对比度检测效果不理想的问题,通过分析频域谱与显著性的关系,提出一种基于谱残余的调幅相位图像显著性检测方法,并阐述内在运行机理。该方法采用调幅傅里叶变换构造基本图像显著性信号,保留傅里叶相位谱且对幅度谱进行调谐,加入高斯滤波器平滑过渡,从而达到抑制图像冗余信号、增强图像显著性信号的效果。     

一种基于多传感器多级信息融合的红外目标检测方法

针对远距离低信噪比条件下目标检测难的实际问题,该文提出一种基于多传感器多级信息融合的目标检测方法。该算法包括两个部分:特征级融合和决策级融合。在特征级融合阶段,首先提取双波段红外图像的各个特征图像;然后,采用自适应加权方法对所得到的特征图像进行融合,得到目标判决置信图;最后根据置信度最大规则对置信图进行目标位置搜索,得到各级目标判决结果。在决策级融合阶段,对各级目标判决结果采用组合逻辑进行融合,得到系统的目标检测输出。实验结果显示了该算法的有效性。     

基于小波变换与深度残差融合的图像增强算法

针对目前基于小波变换图像融合增强算法原始图 像中的多尺度细节信息的不足,提 出了一种改进的多尺度小波变换与深度残差选择相结合的图像增强算法。利用小波变换对原 始图像进行分解提取得到它的多级分解系数后,再利用不同规则对不同层次的小波系数进行 重构,与此同时引入深度残差算法的思想对子带系数做残差。对于高频子带系数,计算子带 残差的系数与梯度特征融合方法的系数,选用两者最大值进行融合增强;而对于低频子带系 数则采用梯度特征融合增强系数与子带残差系数取平均值的算法进行融合。通过在MATLAB 平台上的实验对所提出算法进行验证,峰值信噪比相较于对比的方法都有所提高,且均方根 误差也得到减小,结构相似度都得到提高,结果表明该算法能增强图像的多尺度细节信息, 提高图像的信噪比,且具有更好的图像增强效果。     

卷积神经网络结合NSST的红外与可见光图像融合

传统的多尺度红外与可见光图像融合方法,所提取的图像特征固定,并不能很好的应用于各类复杂的图像环境,而深度学习可以自主选择合适图像特征,改良特征提取单一性问题,因此提出一种基于卷积神经网络与非下采样剪切波变换（NSST）相结合的红外与可见光图像融合方法。首先,用卷积神经网络提取红外目标与背景的二分类图,利用调频（FT）显著性检测算法对分类图进行精准分割,同时,利用NSST将源图像多尺度、多方向进行分解;其次,利用目标显著性结合自适应模糊逻辑算法进行低频子带融合,利用高频系数局部方差对比度方法进行高频子带融合;最后,通过NSST逆变换得到融合后图像。实验结果表明:相比于传统图像融合算法,该方法在信息熵、平均梯度、空间频率、互信息和交叉熵等多个客观评价指标上至少分别提高了0.01%、0.30%、1.43%、2.32%、1.14%。一定程度提高了融合图像对比度,丰富了背景细节信息,更有利于人眼识别,可以广泛的应用于光电侦察、光电告警、多传感器信息融合等光电信息领域。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first