共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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通过在一台135单缸直喷柴油机上分别进行内部EGR(IEGR)、外部EGR(EEGR)条件下的冷起动试验,分析了内、外部EGR对柴油机冷起动过程着火燃烧性能及排放的影响。加入内、外部EGR后,由于EGR中含有大量的燃油蒸气、部分氧化产物等活性成分,初始着火循环的着火燃烧性能得到显著改善。在冷起动过程中,加入一定量的内部或外部EGR,有利于提高燃烧过程的稳定性。但过大的外部EGR量,将导致发动机燃烧极度不稳定甚至失火。由试验结果还可以看到,加入适当的内、外部EGR,均能有效地改善冷起动过程的烟度排放。对于NOx排放,当采用外部EGR方式时,有明显的改善作用;但当采用内部EGR方式时,由于残余废气的热效应,NOx排放随内部EGR量的增大而增大。 相似文献
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在定容燃烧弹上进行了柴油分别在空气和在甲醇/空气预混均质混合气中着火燃烧的实验研究.结果表明,与空气热氛围相比,甲醇混合气热氛围延长了柴油的滞燃期和加长了火焰浮起高度.采用正庚烷-甲醇的详细化学反应机理,利用数值模拟的方法计算了零维模型中正庚烷及正庚烷加甲醇的燃烧反应过程和中间产物历程.其结果表明,甲醇的加入使得正庚烷的高低温放热反应开始时刻后移,滞燃期延长,低温放热反应峰值明显下降,且无明显的负温度系数区,高温反应放热峰值高于其在空气氛围中,归其原因在于甲醇大量消耗着火的OH自由基,并将其转化为低温氧化中不活跃的H2O2,使得系统着火前反应活性减弱.实验和计算结果均表现出甲醇具有抑制柴油及其参比燃料着火的作用. 相似文献
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冷却液温度对柴油机起动首循环燃烧的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
冷却液温度是柴油机起动过程中影响失火与燃烧不稳定性的重要因素。喷油首循环的燃烧对后续工作循环着火有较大影响。为了分析冷却液温度对柴油机起动首循环燃烧和排放的影响规律,利用基于循环控制的柴油机起动过程燃烧、排放测控系统,在一台单缸直喷式柴油机上进行了试验研究。试验结果表明冷却液温度对柴油机起动首循环燃烧的稳定性有较大影响。提高冷却液温度对于消除起动过程首循环燃烧状态的不稳定性具有较明显的作用。冷却液温度较低时,使着火滞后期增长,很容易导致失火或不完全燃烧现象,生成较高HC排放。试验也验证了所建立的测控系统为研究柴油机起动过程提供了一种有效的测试手段。 相似文献
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排气门正时对柴油机冷起动性能的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过在一台单缸直喷柴油机上进行实验,分析了不同排气门正时条件对柴油机冷起动过程燃烧及排放性能的影响.结果表明,通过调节排气门关闭正时,适当增大缸内残余废气量,可显著改善起动过程初始着火循环的着火燃烧性能和提高起动过程缸内燃烧的稳定性.不同排气门关闭条件对起动过程的排放有着非常重要的影响.适当提前排气门关闭时刻,可以显著降低冷起动过程的烟度排放,特别是降低冷起动过程初始阶段的烟度排放.而对于NO2排放,由于残余废气具有很强的热效应,随着排气门关闭时刻提前,Nox排放呈上升趋势. 相似文献
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开展了增压柴油机燃用D50非标柴油/二甲醚混合燃料时采用EGR技术对发动机动力性、燃烧和排放性能影响的试验研究。试验结果表明:EGR技术可以有效降低混合燃料发动机的NOx排放。随着EGR率的增加,NOx排放改善明显;对动力性的影响相对复杂:中低负荷下,燃烧室内氧浓度较大,对燃烧和排放性能影响较小;高负荷时,废气引入导致燃烧室局部缺氧严重,烟度、HC和CO排放恶化。 相似文献
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Through experiments conducted on a single cylinder direct injection (DI) diesel engine, effects of exhaust gas recirculatoin (EGR) on combustion and emission during cold start were investigated. Combustion of first firing cycle can be promoted significantly by introducing EGR. In experiments, when partially closed choking valve and partially or fully opened EGR valve, peak cylinder pressure of first firing cycle was about 45% higher than that under normal condition without EGR, and the start of combustion (SOC) was also much earlier. EGR also had effects on combustion stability. In the case, which kept 50% or 100% opening of EGR valve (OEV) and kept 100% opening of choking valve (OCV), more stable combustion process was achieved when common rail pressure decreased during cold start. However, excessive amount of EGR led to extreme unstable combustion and even misfiring. Opacity and NO emissions were also analyzed in detail. In the case with maximum EGR, the lowest average opacity, which was less than 4%, was achieved during initial several firing cycles of cold start. But in the later phase, excessive amount of EGR led to a great deal of white smoke emission. NO emission during initial phase of cold start is mainly affected by increase in fuel amount of injection. When combustion became stable gradually, EGR showed significant effect on NO reduction. 相似文献
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《Energy》2006,31(14):2665-2676
This paper focuses on the effects of internal and cooled external exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the combustion and emission performance of diesel fuel homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI). The use of fuel injection before the top center (TC) of an exhaust stroke and the negative valve overlap (NVO) to form the homogeneous mixture achieves low NOx and smoke emissions HCCI. Internal and external EGR are combined to control the combustion. Internal exhaust gas recirculation (IEGR) benefits to form a homogeneous mixture and reduces smoke emission further, but lower the high load limits of HCCI. Cooled external EGR can delay the start of combustion (SOC) effectively, which is very useful for high cetane fuel (diesel) HCCI because these fuels can easily self-ignited, making the SOC earlier. External EGR can avoid the knock combustion of HCCI at high load, which means it can expand the high load limit. HCCI maintains low smoke emission at various EGR rates and various loads compared with a conventional diesel engine because there are no fuel-rich volumes in the cylinder. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(50):21565-21581
In this study, the effect of adding hydrogen to natural gas and EGR ratio was conducted on a diesel engine to investigate the engine performance and exhaust gases by AVL Fire multi-domain simulation software.For this investigation, a mixture of hydrogen fuel and natural gas replaced diesel fuel. The percentage of hydrogen in blend fuel changed from 0% to 40%. The compression ratio converted from 17:1 to 15:1. The EGR ratios were in three steps of 5%, 10%, and 15%, with different engine speeds from 1000 to 1800 RPM. The Gaussian process regression (GPR) was developed to model engine performance and exhaust emissions. The optimal values of EGR and the percentage of hydrogen in the blend of HCNG were extracted using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA).The results showed that by increasing EGR, thermal efficiency, the engine power, and specific fuel consumption decreased due to prolongation of combustion length while cumulative heat release increased but, its effect on cylinder pressure is insignificant. Adding hydrogen to natural gas increased the combustion temperature and, consequently NOx. While the amount of CO and HC decreased. The results of GPR and MOGA illustrated that at different engine speeds, the optimum values of EGR and HCNG were 6.35% and 31%, respectively. 相似文献
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Experiments on the effects of external and internal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on combustion and emission performance during a cold start process were investigated in a 135 single-cylinder DI diesel engine. Combustion was improved during the initial ignition cycles by introducing internal or external EGR. The addition of an appropriate amount of internal or external EGR can promote the combustion stability significantly. However, excessive amounts of external EGR could lead to extremely unstable combustion or even misfiring. An appropriate amount of internal or external EGR decreased smoke opacity effectively during a cold start. External EGR reduced NOx emissions effectively while internal EGR led to an increase in NOx emissions due to thermal effects. 相似文献
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为在保持柴油机动力性和经济性能的同时有效改善其排放性能,在一台4缸柴油机上针对6、12、24mg循环喷油量的负荷工况(记作低、中、高负荷)对比研究了冷、热废气再循环(EGR)对性能、燃烧及排放特性的影响。结果表明:EGR的引入减少了新鲜进气量,整体上延长了滞燃期,减缓了燃烧放热速率,降低了压力升高率;热EGR提高了进气温度,使低负荷时的碳氢化合物(HC)排放显著降低,热效率提高,而高负荷高EGR率时由于过量空气系数偏低引起了热效率的明显降低,对最大压力升高率的降低作用也弱于冷EGR;随着EGR率的提高,三种负荷下的氮氧化物(NO_x)排放均大幅度降低,碳烟排放在低、中负荷时较低,而在高负荷时则明显升高,NO_x与碳烟排放之间出现此消彼长的矛盾趋势。冷的高EGR率下的碳烟排放升高幅度减小,有效地缓解了这种矛盾。综合分析低、中、高负荷下的热效率及排放,低负荷时为提高热效率宜采用热EGR,高负荷时为降低过高的压力升高率并兼顾热效率则更适合采用冷EGR。 相似文献
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The lowered combustion temperature in diesel engines is capable of reducing nitrogen oxides and soot simultaneously, which can be implemented by the heavy use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) or the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) type of combustion. However, the fuel efficiency of the low‐temperature combustion (LTC) cycles is commonly compromised by the high levels of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions. More seriously, the scheduling of fuel delivery in HCCI engines has lesser leverage on the exact timing of auto‐ignition that may even occur before the compression stroke is completed, which may cause excessive efficiency reduction and combustion roughness. New LTC control strategies have been explored experimentally to achieve ultralow emissions under independently controlled EGR, intake boost, exhaust backpressure, and multi‐event fuel‐injection events. Empirical comparisons have been made between the fuel efficiencies of LTC and conventional diesel cycles. Preliminary adaptive control strategies based on cylinder pressure characteristics have been implemented to enable and stabilize the LTC when heavy EGR is applied. The impact of heat‐release phasing, duration, shaping, and splitting on the thermal efficiency has also been analyzed with engine cycle simulations. This research intends to identify the major parameters that affect diesel LTC engine thermal efficiency. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Miqdam Tariq Chaichan 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(10):5415-5435
Hydrogen is considered as an excellent energy carrier and can be used in diesel engines that operate in dual fuel mode. Many studies have shown that biodiesel, which is sustainable, clean, and safe, a good alternative to fossil fuel. However, tests have confirmed that using biodiesel or hydrogen as a fuel or added fuel in compression ignition engines increases NOx concentrations. Cooled or hot exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) effectively controls the NOx outflows of diesel engines. However, this technique is restricted by high particulate matter PM emissions and the low thermal efficiency of diesel engines.In this study, gaseous hydrogen was added to the intake manifold of a diesel engine that uses biodiesel fuel as pilot fuel. The investigation was conducted under heavy-EGR conditions. An EGR system was modified to achieve the highest possible control on the EGR ratio and temperature. Hot EGR was recirculated directly from the engine exhaust to the intake manifold. A heat exchanger was utilized to maintain the temperature of the cooled EGR at 25 °C.The supplied hydrogen increased NOx concentrations in the exhaust gas emissions and high EGR rates reduced the brake thermal efficiency. The reduction in NOx emissions depended on the added hydrogen and the EGR ratios when compared with pure diesel combustion. Adding hydrogen to significant amounts of recycled exhaust gas reduced the CO, PM, and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions significantly. Results showed that using hydrogen and biodiesel increases engine noise, which is reduced by adding high levels of EGR. 相似文献