N-脱氢枞基丙烯酰胺的合成、表征及其聚合性能分析北大核心

以歧化松香为原料,先制得脱氢枞胺,再与丙烯酰氯经酰胺化反应合成了N-脱氢枞基丙烯酰胺单体,经提纯为液相色谱纯度97.95%的白色固体。通过FT-IR、MS、~1H NMR、^(13)C NMR、TG、GPC及DSC表征了其结构和性能。结构表征结果显示成功合成了N-脱氢枞基丙烯酰胺。DSC分析显示,单一单体在151~196℃时发生热聚合,且自由基引发剂偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)的存在可以降低其聚合温度,聚合物的玻璃化转变温度在100.34℃。TG分析显示,聚合物在209~483℃发生热分解。对N-脱氢枞基丙烯酰胺聚合物进行GPC分析,结果为M_n=4 301,M_w/M_n=1.56。     

N-脱氢枞基丙烯酰胺的合成、表征及其聚合性能分析

以歧化松香为原料,先制得脱氢枞胺,再与丙烯酰氯经酰胺化反应合成了N-脱氢枞基丙烯酰胺单体,经提纯为液相色谱纯度97.95%的白色固体。通过 FT-IR、MS、¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、TG、GPC及DSC表征了其结构和性能。结构表征结果显示成功合成了N-脱氢枞基丙烯酰胺。DSC分析显示,单一单体在151~196℃时发生热聚合,且自由基引发剂偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)的存在可以降低其聚合温度,聚合物的玻璃化转变温度在100.34℃。TG分析显示,聚合物在209~483℃发生热分解。对N-脱氢枞基丙烯酰胺聚合物进行GPC分析,结果为M_n=4 301,M_w/M_n=1.56。     

N-乙基甲基丙烯基脱氢枞酰胺的合成及表征

以歧化松香为原料,提纯得到脱氢枞酸,经酰氯化合成脱氢枞酸酰氯,再与N-乙基甲基丙烯胺发生酰胺化反应合成一种松香基丙烯胺类单体——标题化合物。通过FT-IR、GC-MS、1HNMR、13CNMR、元素分析、DSC及TG等手段表征了其结构和性能。结果表明:标题化合物的气相色谱纯度为98.63%,它在高温下可以发生聚合反应,并且以偶氮二异丁腈作为引发剂可以降低其聚合温度。标题化合物共聚物的玻璃化转变温度为-19.95℃,热分解温度为192.5~288.5℃。     

松香基双季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的合成与性能

以脱氢枞胺(DA)为原料,经中间体N,N-二甲基脱氢枞胺(DMDA),在乙腈溶液中,DMDA分别与1,3-二溴丙烷(摩尔比2.4∶1)和对溴二亚甲苯(摩尔比2.2∶1)加热回流48h,得到二(N-脱氢枞基-N,N-二甲基)-N,N′-(1,3-亚丙基)溴化二铵(DDMPDAB)和二(N-脱氢枞基-N,N-二甲基)-N,N′-对二亚甲苯基溴化二铵(DDMXDAB)两种双子表面活性剂。用元素分析,FTIR,1HNMR和13CNMR对二者进行了结构表征,测定其表面性能如下:DDMPDAB的阳离子表面活性物的质量分数为94.2%,临界胶束浓度为2.1×10-5mol/L,乳化力为22min,泡沫力为149mm,泡沫稳定性为53mm,Krafft为42℃,HLB为10.24;DDMXDAB的阳离子表面活性物的质量分数为90.8%,临界胶束浓度为8.0×10-5mol/L,乳化力为26.5min,泡沫力为160mm,泡沫稳定性为91mm,Krafft为43℃,HLB为10.88。二者与N-脱氢枞基-N,N,N-三甲基硫酸甲酯铵(DTMAS)、N-脱氢枞基-N,N-二甲基-N-苄基氯化铵(DDMBAC)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的表面性能进行了对比,结果表明:作者合成的两种表面活性剂具有更优良的表面活性。将产品和十二烷基硫酸钠(K12)分别配成质量分数为0.3%的水溶液,等体积混合后均不产生沉淀,说明产品与阴离子表面活性剂有很好的相容性。     

PDMDAAC共聚改性用反应性单体的合成及表征

该文合成了3种具有反应性功能的单体,为获得聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)改性固色剂提供基础;以二烯丙基甲基胺、二烯丙基胺、三烯丙基胺及环氧氯丙烷为原料,分别合成了(3-氯-2-羟丙基)甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(CHMDAAC)、N,N-二烯丙基-3-羟基杂氮环丁烷氯化铵(DHAC)及(3-氯-2-羟丙基)三烯丙基氯化铵(CHTAAC)等反应性功能单体,对其结构进行了分析表征,并考察了其与基准单体二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)的共聚反应性。结果表明,所得单体具有预期结构,其收率为70%～95%,且与基准单体DMDAAC间可发生有效共聚;可用于合成新的棉织物活性染料无醛固色剂用反应性PDMDAAC共聚改性聚合物。     

含松香骨架甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂的合成

以脱氢枞酸为原料,合成了3种新型含松香骨架的甜菜碱类表面活性剂:N-(2-脱氢枞酰氧基)乙基-N,N-二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱,N-(2-脱氢枞酰氧基)乙基-N,N-二甲基磺丙基甜菜碱和N-(2-脱氢枞酰氧基)乙基-N,N-二甲基磷酸酯甜菜碱。通过红外和核磁共振氢谱对产物结构进行表征,3种甜菜碱cmc分别为3.16 mmol.L-1、3.01 mmol.L-1和2.56 mmol.L-1,此时表面张力分别为31.91 mN.m-1、33.20 mN.m-1和25.79 mN.m-1,说明3种甜菜碱具有好的表面活性。     

N,N-二取代氨基苯甲醛的合成

通过N,N-二取代苯胺的酰基化反应,以高收率合成了三种用于制备腙类空穴传输材料的重要中间体,2-甲基-4-(N,N-二苄基)氨基苯甲醛、2-甲基-4-(N-乙基-N-苄基)氨基苯甲醛和4-(N-乙基-N-苄基)氨基苯甲醛,收率分别达99.2%、92.9%和94.8%,高效液相色谱纯度99.2%以上。通过官能团鉴定、紫外吸收光谱、红外吸收光谱、质谱以及元素分析等对产物的组成和结构进行了鉴定。     

松香基紫外光固化功能单体的合成和表征

松香是一种重要可再生资源,随着石油资源的日益枯竭,将松香改性成聚合物单体重新受到关注.本文以脱氢枞酸为原料,以草酰氯为酰基化试剂(物质的量比1:1),先合成脱氢枞酸酰氯,然后再与甲基烯丙醇酯化(物质的量比1:1),合成脱氢枞酸甲基烯丙基酯,并分别采用了FT-IR、GC-MS、13C-NMR和DSC对其结构和性能进行表征.研究结果表明,所合成的脱氢枞酸烯甲基丙基酯的质量分数为91.36%,熔程为41.24～52.24℃,在引发剂的存在下可以发生聚合反应,可作为光固化树脂应用于涂料中.     

N-去氢枞基新型甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂的合成

从歧化松香胺中分离提纯去氢枞胺,然后以去氢枞胺为原料,经N,N-二甲基去氢枞胺中间体,合成了N-去氢枞基-N,N-二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱及其氯化物这两种新型甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂。通过紫外、红外及质谱分析,对产品进行了结构表征,并测定了氯化物产品的表面张力和临界胶束浓度。     

去氢枞酸基新型甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂的合成

从歧化松香中分离提纯去氢枞酸,然后以去氢枞酸为原料,经去氢枞酸缩水甘油酯及叔胺中间体,合成了N-(3-去氢枞酰氧基-2-羟基)丙基-N,N-二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱和N-(3-去氢枞酰氧基-2-羟基)丙基-N,N-二甲基(2-羟基)磺丙基甜菜碱这两种新型甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂。通过紫外、红外及质谱分析,对目标产物进行了结构表征,并对其表面张力和临界胶束浓度进行了测定。     

基于单宁模型物的丙烯酸酯单体制备及性能研究

以没食子酸甲酯（MG）作为单宁模型物,利用丙烯酰氯（AC）对MG进行酯化反应改性,合成丙烯酸没食子酸甲酯（MG-AC）。考察了原料物质的量比和温度对产物得率的影响,并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）、元素分析、核磁共振碳谱（¹³C NMR）、凝胶色谱（GPC）对产物进行了分析。结果表明：合适的反应条件是35℃,n（AC）：n（MG）为1.1：1,该条件下产物得率为83.9%。FT-IR分析显示丙烯酸酯官能团成功接枝到没食子酸甲酯上;GC-MS分析产物的纯度为98.86%;元素分析结果显示碳、氢、氧的质量分数分别为55.46%、4.20%和40.33%,接近于MG-AC的理论值,说明产物是单取代丙烯酸没食子酸甲酯;¹³C NMR分析也表明产物为单取代;GPC分析结果显示,在引发剂作用下MG-AC可以发生溶液聚合,聚合物的重均相对分子质量（M_w）为13 637,数均相对分子质量（M_n）为11 820,M_w/M_n=1.15,表明MG-AC具有较好的聚合活性。     

Synthesis and characterization of polyimides from novel 1-(3′,5′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene) pyromelliticdianhydride (6FPPMDA)

Mono-substituted dianhydride monomer, 1-(3′,5′-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) pyromellitic dianhydride (6FPPMDA), was prepared via the Suzuki cross coupling reaction followed by oxidation and cyclodehydration. The monomer was characterized by FT-IR, NMR, elemental analyzer (EA) and melting point apparatus. For comparison, 1-(4′-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyromellitic dianhydride (3FPPMDA) and 1-phenyl pyromellitic dianhydride (PPMDA) were also utilized. The dianhydrides were used to prepare polyimides with aromatic diamines such as bis(3-aminophenyl) 3,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl phosphine oxide (mDA6FPPO), bis(3-aminophenyl) 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl phosphine oxide (mDA3FPPO), bis(3-aminophenyl) phenyl phosphine oxide (mDAPPO) and 1,1-bis(4-aminophenyl)-1-phenyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (p3FDAm). The polyimides were synthesized via a two-step process; preparation of poly(amic-acid) in p-chlorophenol with isoquinoline, followed by solution imidization at the reflux temperature for 12 h. Polymer characterization was carried out by FT-IR, NMR, GPC, DSC and TGA, and their solubility, solution viscosity, water absorption, CTE, dielectric constant and refractive index were also evaluated.     

介孔分子筛Al-MCM-41接枝三丁基氯化锡的表征及催化性能(英文)

Surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC) is a recently developing research field. It is of great significance for the quantitative modification, restoration of solid surface, identification of the physical and chemical nature of surface and the preparation of new catalyst. The production of R 3 Sn-O-MCM-41 (R 3 SnM) was obtained by heating tributyltin chloride and Al-MCM-41 mixture at 170 °C for 5 h under stirring in nitrogen atmosphere. The composition, structure and surface physical and chemical properties of the samples were characterized by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), 13 C, 119 Sn, 29 Si and 27 Al solid state NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra, in-situ pyridine infrared spectroscopy (Py-IR), N 2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), etc. The results of ICP and organic elemental analysis shows that the grafting yield w Sn was 6.46% for R 3 SnM. H 0 (the negative logarithm of the acid concentration)and the number of acid sites for R 3 SnM respectively were 2.77-0.99 and 4.8 mmol·g-1 by the Hammett method. N 2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, TEM analysis showed that R 3 SnM with ordered hexagonal mesopore structure, resulted in the decease of surface areas and pore size as well as the increase of mesoporous volume and surface acidity, as compared to Al-MCM-41. R 3 SnM was used in the synthesis of isoamyl acetate. The yield of isoamyl acetate was 96% when n(isoamyl alcohol)︰n(acetic acid) 1.0︰1.0, 3 R SnM w 5%, 138 °C for 5 h. The catalyst can be reused and the yield of 86% can be attained when catalyst was reused five times at the same catalytic conditions.     

Synthesis,characterization of triphenyltin grafted on SBA-15 mesoporous silica and its catalytic performance for the synthesis of 4-methylacetophenone

The production of Ph3Sn–O–SBA-15 (Ph3SnSBA) was achieved by heating triphenyltin chloride and SBA-15 in N-methylpyrrolidone at 190 °C for 5 h using triethylamine as a catalyst. The composition, structure, and sur-face physical and chemical properties of Ph3SnSBA were characterized using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), 13C, 119Sn and 29Si solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in situ pyridine infrared spectroscopy (Py-IR), N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results of ICP-AES and organic elemental analysis showed that the grafting yield of Sn was 17%(by mass) for Ph3SnSBA. The elemental analysis and solid-state NMR results for Ph3SnSBA were consistent with grafting of triphenyltin on SBA-15. The N2 adsorption–desorption, XRD and TEM analyses showed that Ph3SnSBA retained an ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure, resulting in decreases in the surface area, pore size and mesopore volume, and an increase in acidity as compared with SBA-15. The Hammett acidity function (H0) value and the number of acid sites for Ph3SnSBA, obtained by the Hammett methods, were 2.77–3.30 and 2.07 mmol·g?1, respectively. The Friedel–Crafts acylation of toluene and acetic anhydride over Ph3SnSBA was investigated. The yield of methylacetophenone (MAP) and the selectivity for 4-methylacetophenone (PMAP) were 79.56%and 97.12%, respectively, when the conditions were n (toluene):n (anhydride)=2.0:1.0 with 6%(by mass) catalyst, and heating under reflux for 5 h. The PMAP selectivity stil reached 93.11%when Ph3SnSBA was used for the fifth time under the same reaction conditions.     

Synthesis and characterization of diethyl-dithiocarbamic acid 2-[4-(2-diethylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl-2-phenyl-acetyl)-2,5-dioxo-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-1-phenyl-ethyl ester as new reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer agent for polymerization of ethyl methacrylate

Diethyl-dithiocarbamic acid 2-[4-(2-diethylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl-2-phenyl-acetyl)-2,5-dioxo-piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxo-1-phenyl-ethyl ester as a novel di-functional reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent was synthesized based on 2,5-diketopiperazine. The RAFT agent was designed based on the propagating core (R group) approach and characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FT-IR, elemental analysis, and melting point technique. Then, ethyl methacrylate was synthesized via free radical and RAFT polymerizations. To investigate the effect of the RAFT agent on the kinetic of polymerization, molecular weight, and polydispersity index (PDI) of polymers and also monomer conversion were monitored. Also, synthesized polymers were characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FT-IR, and TGA. Characterization analyses of synthesized RAFT agent were consistent with the structure. NMR and FTIR analyses confirmed end group incorporation of RAFT agent into polymer structure. According to results, poly(ethyl methacrylate) with low PDI (1.14) was obtained. Kinetic study indicated well-controlled polymerization of ethyl methacrylate by synthesized RAFT agent. TGA results showed that RAFT agent could reduce termination reactions and so reduce head-to-head bonds and chain-end unsaturation by keeping the concentration of radicals low enough.     

十一烯酸/马来酸酐共聚物的制备与表征

以十一烯酸(UA)和马来酸酐(MAH)为原料,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,通过沉淀聚合的方法制备了十一烯酸/马来酸酐共聚物(UMA),研究了单体配比、引发剂用量及反应温度对共聚反应的影响,通过FT-IR、¹³C NMR、DSC分析和酸酐质量分数的测定对共聚物进行了表征。FT-IR和¹³C NMR结果表明：在实验条件下,十一烯酸(UA)与马来酸酐(MAH)发生了共聚反应。当反应温度为75 ℃、AIBN用量为0.75%时,随着MAH用量的增加,共聚物相对分子质量减小,得率和酸酐质量分数呈现先增大后略有减小的趋势,当UA与MAH的物质的量之比为40:60时共聚物的得率及酸酐质量分数均达到最大值,分别为61.78%和20.05%,与DSC曲线中玻璃化转变温度(T_g)的变化趋势基本一致,即当n(UA):n(MAH)为40:60,T_g达到最大值71.98 ℃。提高引发剂用量和反应温度有利于共聚反应的进行,但相对分子质量有所下降,因此可根据所需聚合物的性质来选择合适的反应条件。     

新型聚三唑酯和聚三唑醚树脂的合成及性能

合成了三种含酯基和三种含醚键的炔单体,通过核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、质谱(MS)、液相色谱(LC)对其结构进行了表征。用这六种炔单体与叠氮单体反应制备了一系列新型聚三唑酯树脂(PTAE)和聚三唑醚树脂(PTAO)。利用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、FT-IR、动态力学热分析(DMA)、力学试验机和热失重分析(TGA)表征了树脂的固化行为、固化树脂的力学性能、耐热性和热稳定性。结果表明PTAE和PTAO树脂易溶于有机溶剂,可低温(60℃)固化,固化树脂的弯曲强度超过了100 MPa,可达158 MPa,玻璃化转变温度(T _g)超过180℃,高者达251℃,热分解温度可达360℃。     

香茅醛肟及其烷基醚的合成及抑菌活性研究

由香茅醛与盐酸羟胺在碳酸钠作用下反应制得香茅醛肟（2）,再由香茅醛肟与溴代烷、氢氧化钠在四丁基溴化铵的作用下反应合成了4种香茅醛肟烷基醚,分别为香茅醛肟乙基醚（3a）和香茅醛肟正丙基醚（3b）、香茅醛肟正丁基醚（3c）和香茅醛肟正戊基醚（3d）。5个化合物经红外光谱（FT-IR）、核磁共振（¹H NMR、¹³C NMR）、气质联用（GC-MS）分析表征了结构,并用菌丝生长速率法对11种植物病原真菌的抑制作用进行了测试。结构分析数据表明所用方法能合成得到5种目标化合物。在药液质量浓度为500 mg/L时,5种化合物对所用植物病原真菌均有一定的抑制作用,化合物2对水稻纹枯病菌的抑制率与百菌清一样高达100%,对辣椒菌核病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌、猕猴桃果实拟茎点霉菌、梨链格孢菌和毛竹枯梢病菌的抑制率高达100%,对油茶炭疽病菌、层出镰刀菌的抑制率也很高（≥95%）,明显优于百菌清对这些病菌的抑制效果,3a对莴苣菌核病菌的抑制率高达100%,3b对葡萄炭疽病菌的抑制率为100%,3c对毛竹枯梢病菌的抑制率为87.7%,3d对莴苣菌核病菌的抑制率为96.2%,均高于同等质量浓度下百菌清对这些植物病原真菌的抑制率。     

Synthesis and characterization of ABn-type α-cyclodextrin monomer and its hyperbranched polymer

To obtain well-defined structures of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) based monomer and its hyperbranehed polymer (HBP), a modified α-CD molecule with one electron-rich alkene and many electron-poor acrylates was first prepared through the esterification reaction between mono-ester undecylenic acid-α-CD and acrylic acid. It was then utilized as an AB_n-type monomer for subsequent ADMET polymerization between alkene and acrylate using the second generation Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst in homogeneous water/organic [D₂O/(CD₃)₂CO] mixtures via acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization. A novel cyclodextrin-based HBP was obtained in prolonged reaction time. The monomer and HBP were characterized by NMR, elemental analysis, FTIR, and MALDI-TOF MS measurements. It was found that the actual molecular structures of both monomer and polymer were identical with the designed structures. The produced polymers have molecular weights within 13.2 and 56.3 kDa, and their polydispersity indices range from 2.78 to 2.63 by multiangle laser light scattering-gel permeation chromatography. The degree of branching was determined by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and the values ranges from 0.41 to 0.52.     

LiNO3-NaNO3-KNO3三元熔盐材料的设计及热稳定性研究

采用共形离子溶液模型(conformalionic solution model, CIS) 在二元熔盐体系相图的基础上，对三元熔盐体系LiNO₃-NaNO₃-KNO₃进行了相图计算，得到该三元体系最低共熔点为117.7℃，相应的摩尔分数组成分别为x(LiNO₃) = 0.375，x(NaNO₃) = 0.075，x(KNO₃) = 0.550。按照热力学最低共熔点计算结果，采用熔融法制备了三元硝酸熔盐，通过DSC和TG实验测定其最低共熔点为118.3℃，这与计算得到的结果(117.7℃)基本一致。TG测试结果表明当温度低于587.2℃时，该三元熔盐体系较为稳定，其工作温度范围为118.3~587.2℃，该三元硝酸熔盐适合在太阳能热发电中作为高温传热蓄热材料使用。