芳纶针织物复合材料力学性能研究

为探究芳纶针织物复合材料的力学性能,用电子织物强力机对平板硫化机制得的芳纶针织物复合材料进行拉伸、弯曲、压缩性能测试,结果表明:芳纶针织物增强复合材料为非脆性破坏;经硅烷偶联剂处理有效地提高了芳纶针织物增强复合材料的抗拉、抗弯、抗压强度;罗纹空气层组织的抗拉、抗弯及抗压性能优于满针罗纹组织。     

机织/针织混合铺层对复合材料力学性能的影响

为使纺织复合材料同时具有机织结构复合材料和针织结构复合材料的综合力学性能,通过混合铺层方式制备机织/针织混合结构复合材料。以芳纶机织平纹织物和针织罗纹织物为增强体,以环氧树脂为基体,调整复合材料中增强体的铺层顺序,利用真空辅助成型技术制备四层层压机织/针织混合结构复合材料。通过对复合材料拉伸性能、弯曲性能和冲击性能的测试,分析混合铺层和铺层顺序对芳纶环氧树脂复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,混合铺层和铺层顺序对芳纶环氧树脂复合材料的弯曲强度和冲击强度有较大影响,特别是对罗纹结构复合材料纬向弯曲强度和冲击强度的改善。当采用相同铺层方式,罗纹织物为受力面时,机织/针织混合结构复合材料具有较大弯曲强度和冲击强度。     

混杂比对交织芳纶碳纤维复合材料力学性能的影响

为了分析混杂比对层内混杂复合材料力学性能的影响,利用交织方式制备芳纶碳纤维混杂增强体织物,并通过交织物纬纱系统中芳纶与碳纤维的纱线配置比例调整碳纤维在增强体结构中的混杂比。采用真空辅助成型技术制备层内混杂结构的芳纶碳纤维混杂（ACFH）复合材料,并对复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能和冲击性能进行测试。结果表明,增强体纬向系统中芳纶与碳纤维的不均质性对ACFC复合材料经方向上的拉伸强度起消极作用;混杂比的增加对ACFC复合材料的纬向拉伸破坏和弯曲损伤具有抑制作用;纬向上,ACFC复合材料的拉伸强度最高提高了近6倍,弯曲强度最小增加了4.04倍;芳纶与碳纤维混杂协同作用有利于ACFC复合材料的抗冲击性能改善,且混杂比存在最佳值。     

智能调温涤/棉针织面料的开发与性能

为研究涤/棉针织面料经交联后的调温性能,以细度为15.6 tex的涤/棉混纺纱为原料,编织出纬平针、1+1罗纹、罗纹半空气层、罗纹空气层4种基本组织结构,用复配比为1∶9的试剂PEG-800和药用PEG-1000作为单一相变材料,并用2D树脂作为交联剂处理这4种织物,对交联后织物进行热活性测试以及力学性能和热湿舒适性测试。结果表明:除罗纹空气层组织外,交联后其它三种织物的各项性能均能满足针织物服用性能要求,从而证明开发该智能调温面料是可行的。     

芳纶/碳纤维混杂机织复合材料的力学性能研究

分别以芳纶和碳纤维(CF)为经、纬向纱,采用小样织机制备了不同经纬密度的芳纶/CF混杂平纹织物;以环氧树脂为基体,采用真空辅助树脂转移成形方法制备芳纶/CF混杂织物增强复合材料(简称复合材料);分析了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:在经向纱(简称经纱)、纬向纱(简称纬纱)的纤维种类分别相同时,复合材料的弯曲强度随经向密度增大而增大;以芳纶为经纱时,复合材料的弯曲模量和拉伸模量随着经纱的密度增大而减小,而复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随着经纱密度的增大而增大;以CF为经纱时,复合材料的弯曲模量随着经纱密度的增大而增大,且弯曲强度和弯曲模量均高于以芳纶为经纱时的复合材料。     

双罗纹衬纬纬编针织物增强复合材料的拉伸性能

在电脑横机上使用玻璃纤维编织了三种双罗纹衬纬纬编针织物,以玻璃纤维针织物作为增强体,采用手糊工艺与环氧树脂复合制备了复合材料板材,在万能强力机上测试了复合材料试样的拉伸性能。结果表明,双罗纹衬纬纬编针织物增强复合材料在横向拉伸时的应力应变曲线呈现近似线性,纵向拉伸具有明显的屈服现象,横向拉伸断裂强度和模量最高,斜向次之,纵向最低;拉伸应变沿横列方向最小,拉伸性能各向异性明显;复合材料拉伸性能与增强织物结构、密度和纤维体积分数有关。     

洋麻/芳纶混纺织物增强复合材料的力学性能研究

为了探究四种洋麻/芳纶不同混纺比对其混纺织物增强复合材料力学性能的影响,对以环氧树脂为基体,精细化处理的洋麻和对位芳纶不同混纺比机织物为增强体的复合材料进行力学性能测试,并对洋麻纤维扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)测试分析纤维表面粗糙度及极性变化,从而来分析力学测试结果。结果表明,洋麻/芳纶30/70混纺织物增强复合材料弯曲强度最高,为248.81MPa,弯曲模量为12.91GPa,与纯芳纶织物增强复合材料相比,分别提高4.9%和7.1%;而洋麻/芳纶20/80混纺织物增强复合材料剪切强度最高,为24.58MPa,与纯芳纶织物增强复合材料相比,提高18.6%。SEM及FTIR表明洋麻纤维精细化处理后,纤维表面粗糙度增加,极性降低,提高了增强体与树脂的界面结合力,从而改善了复合材料的弯曲、剪切性能。     

苎麻增强UP树脂复合材料的研究

以邻苯型不饱和聚酯(UP)树脂为基体、以苎麻布为增强材料,在室温条件下模压成型制备苎麻布／UP树脂复合材料,利用同时热分析仪STA研究了该复合材料的耐热性能,并将其力学性能与纯UP树脂浇铸体的相应性能进行了对比研究。结果表明：苎麻／UP树脂复合材料的耐热性能较纯UP树脂浇铸体有所提高;其拉伸强度及拉伸模量、弯曲强度及弯曲模量、冲击强度等各项力学性能指标均明显优于纯UP树脂浇铸体。     

针刺工艺对玄武岩针刺非织造复合材料性能的影响

以玄武岩针刺非织造织物为增强体,以硼酚醛树脂为基体树脂,采用层压复合工艺制备了复合材料,研究了不同针刺工艺对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,相同针刺工艺条件下,复合材料的拉伸强度随复合层压压力的增加先增大后减小,复合材料的弯曲强度随复合层压压力的增加而线性增强;在一定情况下,增强体的孔隙率对复合材料力学性能的影响高于增强体拉伸强度对复合材料力学性能的影响。     

增强体织物组织结构对曲面复合材料力学性能的影响

为了探究曲面复合材料中增强体织物组织结构对其力学性能的影响,采用不同组织结构（平纹、斜纹、缎纹、无纬结构）的玄武岩织物,浸渍在环氧树脂与固化剂混合溶液中,在特制模具中加压复合成型制备了一系列曲面复合材料。采用3点弯曲试验法对曲面复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量进行了测试,并且研究了曲面复合材料的冲击性能以及顶破强力及其破坏机理。结果表明,平纹增强体的玄武岩曲面复合材料弯曲性能最佳;组织结构为缎纹的玄武岩曲面复合材料冲击性能最佳,弯曲强度和平纹相近,在顶破强力上缎纹结构略低于斜纹结构。     

Bending properties of the multilayer‐connected biaxial weft knitted fabrics‐reinforced composites made with carbon fibers

This article presents an experimental study of bending properties of multilayer‐connected biaxial weft knitted (MBWK) fabrics‐reinforced composites made with carbon fibers. Three types of composites are used in bending test, which are three‐layer‐connected biaxial weft knitted fabric‐reinforced composite, four‐layer‐connected biaxial weft knitted fabric‐reinforced composite and five‐layer‐connected biaxial weft knitted fabric‐reinforced composite. Two‐way ANOVA analyzing method was used to deal with whether the carbon fiber volume fraction and the cutting direction have significant effect on the bending strength of the MBWK fabrics‐reinforced composites. Failure analysis is also available by means of samples debris examination to identify the failure mode. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:2291–2302, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

芳纶针织物增强复合材料的制备及其弯曲性能

详细描述了采用平板硫化机制备芳纶针织物增强复合材料的过程及工艺,对制得的芳纶针织物增强复合材料进行等离子体处理。低温等离子体处理条件为:压强60 Pa,功率150 W,时间120 s,并探究了等离子体处理对芳纶针织物增强复合材料的弯曲性能的影响。     

玻璃短纤维对多层多轴向经编复合材料层间撕裂性能影响

以玻璃纤维多轴向经编针织物为增强体,以环氧树脂为基体,将玻璃短纤维添加到玻纤织物增强体层之间,制备层间含有玻璃短纤维的多层多轴向经编复合材料。利用万能力学材料试验机对复合材料的层间撕裂性能进行测试和电镜扫描,对撕裂后的复合材料层间形态进行了观察,研究了玻璃短纤维对复合材料层间性能的影响。结果表明,玻璃短纤维增韧处理的复合材料层间撕裂性能明显增强,载荷-位移曲线初始斜率大,复合材料不易被以撕裂形式为主的载荷破坏。     

高低温老化对碳纤维复合材料芯棒结构性能的影响

采用拉挤工艺制备了碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料芯棒,并对其进行高低温人工加速老化试验,以及对老化前后碳纤维复合材料芯棒的横截面、外观颜色和密度进行了测试和分析。结果表明,高低温老化使芯棒颜色加深,主要对芯棒的外层产生一定的影响,内部结构没有明显变化;老化后芯棒的密度比老化前减小约2.5%,并且不同老化周期对芯棒的密度基本不变。     

Mechanical properties of polymer composites reinforced with knit fabrics made of high-strength aramid fibres

The possibility of manufacturing knitted fabrics with different properties for reinforcing polymer composites was demonstrated. In making composite materials based on knits, structurally balanced weaves of the 1 + 1 rib and Milan rib type are preferred, since traditional methods of wet heat treatment are unacceptable for knits made of aramid fibres, and for this reason preventing twisting of the fabric is extremely important. The studies showed that the mechanical properties of knit polymer composites are a function of the structure of the knit fabrics to a significant degree and can vary significantly within a wide range. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 45-47, January-February, 2009.     

Research on the mechanical properties prediction of carbon/epoxy composite laminates with different void contents

The influence of the porosity on the static mechanical strength of the carbon fiber fabric reinforced epoxy composites laminates was investigated. The tensile, compressive, bending, and interlaminar strength test on the CFRP laminates with porosity of 0.33% and 1.50% were conducted and simulated by a finite element analysis model. The article proposes the failure criterion of the static mechanical strength of the fabric fiber reinforced composites based on the improved Hashin failure criterion that is suitable for the undirectional composite laminates. The basic composite strength parameters are used to evaluate the mechanical properties of CFRP laminates with different porosities. A finite element analysis model is established by using software ABAQUS™ combined with the sudden stiffness degradation model. The experiment results show that the tensile, compressive, bending, and interlaminar strength decrease with the increasing porosities. The tensile, compressive, bending, and interlaminar strength of the fabric carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites laminates are simulated accurately by the finite element model. POLYM. COMPOS., 14–20, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Promising curaua fiber‐reinforced polyester composite for high‐impact ballistic multilayered armor

A typical multilayered armor system (MAS) is composed of a harder front ceramic tile, which is able to erode heavy ammunition, such as the 7.62 mm bullet, followed by a second layer to further reduce the impact energy. Aramid fabric is a common choice for the second layer. In the present work, polyester matrix composites reinforced with 10 to 30 vol% of curaua fibers, despite having much lower strength and stiffness than aramid fabric, displayed similar trauma indentation in a standard clay witness simulating the human body. Impedance matching and scanning electron microscopy analyses suggest effective energy absorption through ceramic fragment capture by curaua composites. Additionally, because of the high cost of aramid fabric, a full MAS with curaua fiber composite is much cheaper than a MAS composed of aramid fabric. Taking into consideration, both the economical and environmental advantages of natural fibers, it is concluded that curaua fiber‐reinforced polyester composite could replace aramid fabric as the second layer in MASs for personal ballistic protection. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 57:947–954, 2017. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers