高强高模聚乙烯醇纤维的应用开发

高强高模聚乙烯醇纤维具有独特的物理,机械、化学性能、是替代石棉、玻璃纤维。提高水泥制品的内在质量,降低建筑物外墙涂层龟裂等方面的理想材料,需求量正以15%以上速率递增。     

高强高模聚乙烯醇纤维结构性能研究

采用无乳化剂乳液聚合方法,制得不同转化率的高分子量聚醋酸乙烯（PVAc）,醇解后进行凝胶纺丝,得到两种高强高模纤维。采用偏光显微镜、X射线衍射、DSC和电子强伸仪对其纤维结构和性能进行分析。在光学显微镜下观察到,低转化率下纤维表面有横纹,高转化率下无横纹。横纹丝的强度和模量分别为18．98cN／dtex和360cN／dtex,显著高于无横纹丝的强度、模量（强度为15．4cN／dtex,模量为304cN／dtex）。分析认为横纹丝在拉伸过程中形成了柱晶结构。     

高强高模聚乙烯醇纤维的研究进展

综述了聚合度、纺丝方法、拉伸和后处理工艺对制备高强高模聚乙烯醇 ( PVA )纤维的影响 ,以及高强高模 PVA纤维在建筑、国防军工等领域的应用 ,指出我国应加强 PV A纤维的新产品、新用途的开发     

高强高模聚乙烯醇纤维的生产工艺初探

采用凝胶纺丝,添加硼酸和助剂生产高强高模聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维,探讨了其生产工艺。结果表明:控制纺丝原液PVA质量分数16%,添加硼酸质量分数1.0%～1.1%;采用Na_2SO_4/NaOH凝固浴体系,其中Na_2SO_4质量浓度为300g/L,NaOH质量浓度为80～100g/L,凝固浴温度45℃,凝固时间25s;选择4段拉伸,湿热拉伸倍数为6,总拉伸倍数为14;生产稳定,得到的高强高模PVA纤维断裂强度达15cN/dtex,模量达320cN/dtex。     

高强高模聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维的研究进展

高强高模PVA纤维是PVA纤维研究的重要方向,它具有极其优异的性能和广泛的应用领域。本文概述了高强高模PVA纤维近年来的研究进展,主要包括制备方法、特性、应用以及发展前景。     

高强高模PVA纤维在单兵防护装备中的应用

高强高模PVA纤维具有断裂比功大、易于粘接、价格低廉等优点.本文在测试分析PVA纤维的力学性能的基础上,研究了纯PVA纤维和PVA/芳纶复合防弹靶板的防弹性能,揭示了PVA纤维在单兵防护材料领域的应用前景.     

超高强超高模PVA纤维的制备

综述了制备超高强、超高模PVA纤维的干湿纺丝法,论述了纺丝工艺及方法与纤维性能的关系,介绍了该纤维的应用领域。     

高强高模聚乙烯醇纤维是替代石棉的最理想材料

综述分析了石棉及其石棉行业存在严重危害性等实际情况,对国外开发的各种石棉替代品的试验、试用和实际应用情况进行了对比。结果表明,聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维具有高强高模、低伸长、耐酸碱、抗溶剂、耐老化、水泥粘着力好、性价比高等优良特点,以及国外近20年的基础研究和工程应用实践证明,被国际公认为替代石棉的最理想材料。最后提出在我国加快PVA纤维代替石棉的迫切性与必要性。     

纺丝原料对高强高模聚乙烯醇纤维结构性能的影响

研究了纺丝原料聚合度、转化率对聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维高强高模化的影响。结果表明:高聚合度有利于减少端基缺陷,提高纤维性能;低转化率PVA相对高转化率PVA具有高的聚合度和线性程度,所得纤维力学性能更高。同时发现,低转化率原料纺得纤维在高倍拉伸后有强度模量较高的横纹丝产生,因此适合制备高强高模纤维。     

高强高模PVA纤维开发方案探讨

介绍维纶差别化纤维－高强高模ＰＶＡ纤维在水泥制品中的使用现状，开发途径，市场前景。     

高强高模聚乙烯纤维的技术进展及应用

介绍了高强高模聚乙烯(HSHMPE)纤维的国内外生产概况、研发现状、应用领域及市场前景;对国内HSHMPE纤维产业的今后发展提出了建议。即国内科研单位和企业对照国外标准找差距,完善提升HS-HMPE纤维生产技术路线;整合国内市场,制定HSHMPE纤维国内标准,形成规模化。     

高强高模聚乙烯纤维发展概况与应用前景

介绍了高强高模聚乙烯(HSHMPE)纤维的国内外生产概况、应用领域、市场前景情况,对今后国内HSHMPE纤维产业的发展提出了建议。HSHMPE纤维是工业化生产的纤维强度最高的特种纤维,广泛应用于国防、安全防护、航空航天、航海、兵器、造船等领域。指出我国应尽快制定HSHMPE纤维产业标准,继续完善生产工艺,加快推动HSHMPE纤维的应用与发展。     

Mechanical properties and superstructure of high-modulus and high-strength PET fiber prepared by zone annealing

The relationships between mechanical properties and superstructure of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber prepared by a new annealing method called zone annealing method were investigated. The effectiveness of zone annealing was compared with three other annealing methods, namely, annealing under release, annealing at constant length, and annealing under tension. The very high modulus and strength of the zone-annealed fiber were directly attributed to the large number of tie molecules connecting the crystallites and to the high orientation of the amorphous region.     

拉伸条件对高强PVA纤维结构和性能的影响

将聚乙烯醇(PVA)加入到二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和水(质量比94:6)的混合溶剂中,以甲醇为凝固剂,采用干湿法凝胶纺丝,经热拉伸和热定型后,制得高强度PVA纤维。探讨了拉伸工艺对高强PVA纤维结构和性能的影响。结果表明:对于负拉伸为40%,初拉伸2倍,220℃热拉伸9.9倍,热定型2 min的PVA纤维,纤维的结晶结构比较完善,断裂强度为17.8 cN/dtex,初始模量为310.7 cN/dtex;PVA纤维在光学显微镜下观察到的横纹反映出结晶聚集体的光学现象,横纹较多时,纤维的断裂强度和初始模量较高。     

Preparation of high-modulus and high-strength isotactic polypropylene fiber by zone-annealing method

The zone-annealing method was utilized to prepare a high-modulus and high-strength fiber from isotactic polypropylene. The dynamic storage modulus at room temperature of the fiber obtained reached 21 times; 10¹⁰ dyn/cm², which corresponded to 51% of the crystal modulus along the molecular chains, 41.2 × 10¹⁰ dyn/cm². The relationships between mechanical properties and superstructure were investigated based on results of measurements of orientation, crystallinity, tensile properties, and dynamic viscoelasticity. It was found that the excellent mechanical properties were directly attributed to the large number of tie molecules and to the high orientation of the amorphous chains. Further, the characteristics of this method were discussed compared with the results obtained by other investigators.     

Preparation of high-modulus and high-strength poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber by zone annealing

To prepare high-modulus and high-strength PET fiber, a new method using zone drawing and zone annealing has been studied. The apparatus used for this method is the usual tensile tester equipped with a band heater 2 mm wide and a sample holder which can apply a high tension to the fiber. The experimental procedure consists of two stages: zone drawing and zone annealing. The zone drawing was done on the original as-spun fiber in order to produce a fiber with as high an orientation and as low a crystallinity as possible. The zone-drawn fiber was subsequently zone annealed under high tension by moving the band heater from one end to the other of the fiber at a temperature above the crystallization temperature at a considerably low moving speed. In spite of the simple apparatus and procedure, Young's modulus of the fiber obtained was 19.4 × 10¹⁰ dyn/cm², which is comparable to the maximum value of the high-tenacity PET filament commercially available. In order to elucidate the change in the superstructure with zone drawing or zone annealing, optical, x-ray, IR, DSC, and dynamic mechanical measurements were performed. It is suggested that the zone-annealed fiber consists of almost perfectly oriented crystallites and fully extended amorphous chains.     

BTCA改性PEG/PVA相变储能纤维的结构与性能

将聚乙二醇(PEG)与聚乙烯醇(PVA)溶液混合,加入丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)作为交联剂配制纺丝原液,采用干法纺丝制得BTCA改性PEG/PVA相变储能纤维;研究了BTCA含量、热处理条件对交联程度的影响,并对纤维的结构、形态、储能性能及力学性能进行了分析。结果表明:在热处理温度为180℃,热处理时间为12 min时,纤维可达到良好的交联效果,纤维的交联程度随BTCA含量的增加呈上升趋势,BTCA质量分数为3%时达到平衡;改性纤维中PEG以独立微相区形式存在,而经热处理后可保留在交联网络中;热处理后的改性纤维力学性能随BTCA含量增加而提高,储能性能也增加且稳定;当BTCA质量分数为6%时,热处理后的纤维断裂强度达3.49 cN/dtex,再经沸水处理后纤维相变焓值可达23.01 J/g,PEG保留率达80%。     

Properties of high-strength,high-modulus polyethylene monofilaments

Conclusions An analysis has been made of the mechanical properties of high-modulus polyethylene monofilaments prepared by gel-technology.These fibres may be considered as a new class of object, differing fundamentally in their characteristics from those previously used.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 31–32, March–April, 1989.     

Effect of the duration of storage on the mechanical properties of high-strength polyethylene fibers

It was shown that the mechanical properties do not change during prolonged storage of high-strength polyethylene fiber containing residual solvent.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 41–42, January–February, 1995.